Faculty Opinions recommendation of Do antidepressants work? Statistical significance versus clinical benefits.

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willi Sauerbrei
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical Benefits

scholarly journals Analysis and Thoughts about the Negative Results of International Clinical Trials on Acupuncture

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-hong Liu ◽  
Yang Hao ◽  
Yan-jing Han ◽  
Xiao-hong Wang ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
Treatment Frequency ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Primary Basis

An increasing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture have proved the clinical benefits of acupuncture; however, there are some results that have shown negative results or placebo effects. The paper carried out an in-depth analysis on 33 RCTs in the 2011 SCI database, the quality of the reports was judged according to Jadad scores, and the “Necessary Information Included in Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA 2010)” was taken as the standard to analyze the rationality of the therapeutic principle. The difference between the methodology (Jadad) scores of the two types of research reports did not constitute statistical significance (P>0.05). The studies with negative results or placebo effects showed the following deficiencies with respect to intervention details: (1) incompletely rational acupoint selection; (2) inconsistent ability of acupuncturists; (3) negligible needling response to needling; (4) acupuncture treatment frequency too low in most studies; and (5) irrational setting of placebo control. Thus, the primary basis for the negative results or placebo effects of international clinical trials on acupuncture is not in the quality of the methodology, but in noncompliance with the essential requirements proposed by acupuncture theory in terms of clinical manipulation details.

scholarly journals There is life beyond the statistical significance

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Ciapponi ◽  
José M. Belizán ◽  
Gilda Piaggio ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
P Values ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Clinical Benefits

AbstractThis article challenges the “tyranny of P-value” and promote more valuable and applicable interpretations of the results of research on health care delivery. We provide here solid arguments to retire statistical significance as the unique way to interpret results, after presenting the current state of the debate inside the scientific community. Instead, we promote reporting the much more informative confidence intervals and eventually adding exact P-values. We also provide some clues to integrate statistical and clinical significance by referring to minimal important differences and integrating the effect size of an intervention and the certainty of evidence ideally using the GRADE approach. We have argued against interpreting or reporting results as statistically significant or statistically non-significant. We recommend showing important clinical benefits with their confidence intervals in cases of point estimates compatible with results benefits and even important harms. It seems fair to report the point estimate and the more likely values along with a very clear statement of the implications of extremes of the intervals. We recommend drawing conclusions, considering the multiple factors besides P-values such as certainty of the evidence for each outcome, net benefit, economic considerations and values and preferences. We use several examples and figures to illustrate different scenarios and further suggest a wording to standardize the reporting. Several statistical measures have a role in the scientific communication of studies, but it is time to understand that there is life beyond the statistical significance. There is a great opportunity for improvement towards a more complete interpretation and to a more standardized reporting.

Clinical outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer harboring KRAS p.G13D mutation treated with cetuximab.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 448-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bando ◽  
T. Yoshino ◽  
E. Shinozaki ◽  
S. Yuki ◽  
T. Nishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Combination Regimen ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Kras Status ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

448 Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer patients with KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutated tumors are presently excluded from treatment with cetuximab (Cmab). On the other hand, a few patients who have mutated KRAS status occasionally respond to Cmab. The tumors of those patients predominantly had codon 13 mutation, and all codon 13 responder have mutation of p.G13D. We now compared the efficacy of Cmab among patients with p.G13D- mutant, other KRAS mutant and KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer. Methods: The patients from 9 Japanese institutions were retrospectively collected and analyzed. All patients were refractory to fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin and irinotecan, and were treated with Cmab and irinotecan combination regimen. Response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated respectively according to KRAS status. Results: Ninety four patients were treated with combination therapy. Among 94 cases, 7 cases were p.G13D-mutant KRAS, 23 cases were other mutant KRAS and 63 cases were wild-type KRAS. Baseline characteristics by each subset were well-balanced. While one partial response (PR) and 4 stable diseases (SD) cases were found in 7 p.G13D-mutated cases, no PR was found in other KRAS mutated cases. Median PFS of the patients with p.G13D-mutant, other KRAS mutant and KRAS wild-type were 4.5 months (95%CI 1.7-), 2.3 months (95%CI 1.9-4.3), 4.6 months (95%CI 3.5-6.5) respectively. And median OS of the patients with p.G13D- mutant, other KRAS mutant and KRAS wild-type were 9.3months (95%CI 8.5- 11.8), 7.4 months (95%CI 4.5-9.4), 12.2 months (95%CI 8.7-19.8) respectively. Although statistical significance was not found between the two mutated groups, there are trends that the patients with p.G13D-mutant may have received better clinical benefits from Cmab than the patients with other KRAS mutant. Conclusions: Cmab may have therapeutic benefit in the patients with KRAS p.G13D-mutant colorectal cancer although further evaluation is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Imaging molecules adsorbed onto electrodes under potential control by scanning probe microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 376-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Tao ◽  
J.A. DeRose ◽  
P.I. Oden ◽  
S.M. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Scanning Probe Microscopy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Afm Imaging ◽  
Special Circumstances

Clemmer and Beebe have pointed out that surface structures on graphite substrates can be misinterpreted as biopolymer images in STM experiments. We have been using electrochemical methods to react DNA fragments onto gold electrodes for STM and AFM imaging. The adsorbates produced in this way are only homogeneous in special circumstances. Searching an inhomogeneous substrate for ‘desired’ images limits the value of the data. Here, we report on a reversible method for imaging adsorbates. The molecules can be lifted onto and off the substrate during imaging. This leaves no doubt about the validity or statistical significance of the images. Furthermore, environmental effects (such as changes in electrolyte or surface charge) can be investigated easily.

75: Sacral Neuromodulation: Cost Considerations and Clinical Benefits

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Dennis H. Kim ◽  
Jocelyn M. Rieder ◽  
Eugene Y. Rhee ◽  
Shawn A. Menefee ◽  
Michael H. Ree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sacral Neuromodulation ◽  
Clinical Benefits

Influence of Maternal Education on Food Consumption and Energy and Nutrient Intake in a Group of Pre-School Children from Madrid

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navia ◽  
Ortega ◽  
Requejo ◽  
Perea ◽  
López-Sobaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
School Children ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dietary Adequacy ◽  
Consumption Energy ◽  
Maternal Educational Level ◽  
Energy And Nutrient Intake

A study was conducted on the influence of maternal education level on food consumption, energy and nutrient intake, and dietary adequacy in 110 pre-school children from Madrid, Spain. With increasing maternal education, children consumed more sugar (p < 0.05), fruit (p < 0.05), and fish (p < 0.05). Snacking was more frequent with decreasing maternal education (p < 0.05). Though statistical significance was not reached, the consumption of pre-cooked foods was greater among children of mothers educated to a higher level, a phenomenon probably related to the work situation of these women. With respect to dietary composition, no significant differences were found between groups for macronutrient, fiber and energy intakes, except for energy supplied by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was greater in the children of less educated women (p < 0.01). This is probably due to their greater consumption of sunflower seed oil. The diets of children belonging to well-educated mothers came closer to meeting the recommended intakes for folate, vitamin C, and iodine. It would seem that maternal educational level influences the food habits of children. Mothers with less education may require special advice in this area.

Use of vascular closure devices for endovascular interventions requiring a direct puncture of PETE grafts

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur I. Milnerowicz ◽  
Aleksandra A. Milnerowicz ◽  
Marcin Protasiewicz ◽  
Wiktor Kuliczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Vascular Complication ◽  
Inguinal Region ◽  
Closure Device ◽  
Manual Compression ◽  
Direct Puncture ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Vascular Closure Devices ◽  
Closure Group

Abstract. Background: Effectiveness of vascular closure devices during endovascular procedures requiring a direct puncture of a vascular prosthesis placed in the inguinal region is unknown. Patients and methods: The retrospective analysis included 134 patients with a history of polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) graft implantation in the inguinal region. In 20 (15 %) patients, haemostasis was achieved with manual compression, in 21 (16 %) with the StarClose™, and in 93 (69 %) with the AngioSeal™ device. Results: The incidence of vascular complications in the manual compression group was higher (at a threshold of statistical significance) than in the device closure group (45.0 vs. 24.5 %, p = 0.059). The difference was considered statistically significant when manual compression was compared with the AngioSeal™ closure group (45.0 vs. 13.9 %, p < 0.01). The vascular complication rate in the StarClose™ group was significantly higher than in the AngioSeal™ group (71.4 vs. 13.9 %, p < 0.000001). While haematomas were the only vascular complications observed after application of AngioSeal™, both haematomas and pseudoaneurysms were found in the StarClose™ group. Conclusions: The AngioSeal™ vascular closure device provides better local haemostasis than the StarClose™ device or manual compression during endovascular interventions requiring a direct puncture of PETE grafts

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