Faculty Opinions recommendation of Protective effects of C-type natriuretic peptide on linear growth and articular cartilage integrity in an inflammatory arthritis mouse model.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason McDougall ◽  
Eugene Krustev
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Protective Effects

scholarly journals Protective Effects of C‐Type Natriuretic Peptide on Linear Growth and Articular Cartilage Integrity in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Bükülmez ◽  
Fozia Khan ◽  
Cynthia F. Bartels ◽  
Shunichi Murakami ◽  
Adriana Ortiz‐Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Protective Effects

Neuroprotective Effects of a GLP-2 Analogue in the MPTP Parkinson’s Disease Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zijuan Zhang ◽  
Li Hao ◽  
Ming Shi ◽  
Ziyang Yu ◽  
Simai Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Dual Agonist

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is a peptide hormone derived from the proglucagon gene expressed in the intestines, pancreas and brain. Some previous studies showed that GLP-2 improved aging and Alzheimer’s disease related memory impairments. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and to date, there is no particular medicine reversed PD symptoms effectively. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate neuroprotective effects of a GLP-2 analogue in the 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) PD mouse model. Methods: In the present study, the protease resistant Gly(2)-GLP-2 (50 nmol/kg ip.) analogue has been tested for 14 days by behavioral assessment, transmission electron microscope, immunofluorescence histochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot in an acute PD mouse model induced by MPTP. For comparison, the incretin receptor dual agonist DA5-CH was tested in a separate group. Results: The GLP-2 analogue treatment improved the locomotor and exploratory activity of mice, and improved bradykinesia and movement imbalance of mice. Gly(2)-GLP-2 treatment also protected dopaminergic neurons and restored tyrosine hydroxylase expression levels in the substantia nigra. Gly(2)-GLP-2 furthermore reduced the inflammation response as seen in lower microglia activation, and decreased NLRP3 and interleukin-1β pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels. In addition, the GLP-2 analogue improved MPTP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the substantia nigra. The protective effects were comparable to those of the dual agonist DA5-CH. Conclusion: The present results demonstrate that Gly(2)-GLP-2 can attenuate NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and mitochondrial damage in the substantia nigra induced by MPTP, and Gly(2)-GLP-2 shows neuroprotective effects in this PD animal model.

Conservative management of osteoarthrosis

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Radiological Evidence ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Joint Erosions ◽  
Synovial Effusion

Osteoarthrosis (osteoarthritis) can be regarded as excessive joint wear and tear to the point where this becomes painful or produces stiffness. It is most disabling in weight-bearing joints, in which wearing away of articular cartilage is accompanied by underlying bony overgrowth and accumulation of a synovial effusion. The mechanism of the pain is uncertain: capsular strains and deep bone sensation may contribute. Diagnosis requires the exclusion of inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid; pointers to the latter are morning stiffness, raised ESR, positive tests for rheumatoid factor in the serum and radiological evidence of joint erosions.

scholarly journals A Listeria monocytogenes-Based Vaccine Formulation Reduces Vertical Transmission and Leads to Enhanced Pup Survival in a Pregnant Neosporosis Mouse Model

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1400
Author(s):  
Dennis Imhof ◽  
William Robert Pownall ◽  
Camille Monney ◽  
Anna Oevermann ◽  
Andrew Hemphill
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Th2 Response

The apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum is the worldwide leading cause of abortion and stillbirth in cattle. An attenuated mutant Listeria monocytogenes strain (Lm3Dx) was engineered by deleting the virulence genes actA, inlA, and inlB in order to avoid systemic infection and to target the vector to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Insertion of sag1, coding for the major surface protein NcSAG1 of N. caninum, yielded the vaccine strain Lm3Dx_NcSAG1. The efficacy of Lm3Dx_NcSAG1 was assessed by inoculating 1 × 105, 1 × 106, or 1 × 107 CFU of Lm3Dx_NcSAG1 into female BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection three times at two-week intervals, and subsequent challenge with 1 × 105N. caninum tachyzoites of the highly virulent NcSpain-7 strain on day 7 of pregnancy. Dose-dependent protective effects were seen, with a postnatal offspring survival rate of 67% in the group treated with 1 × 107 CFU of Lm3Dx_NcSAG1 compared to 5% survival in the non-vaccinated control group. At euthanasia (25 days post-partum), IgG antibody titers were significantly decreased in the groups receiving the two higher doses and cytokines recall responses in splenocyte culture supernatants (IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10) were increased in the vaccinated groups. Thus, Lm3Dx_NcSAG1 induces immune-protective effects associated with a balanced Th1/Th2 response in a pregnant neosporosis mouse model and should be further assessed in ruminant models.

scholarly journals Allergen-Specific Treg Cells Upregulated by Lung-Stage S. japonicum Infection Alleviates Allergic Airway Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidan Li ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Fang Luo ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Wenbin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Allergen Sensitization

Schistosoma japonicum infection showed protective effects against allergic airway inflammation (AAI). However, controversial findings exist especially regarding the timing of the helminth infection and the underlying mechanisms. Most previous studies focused on understanding the preventive effect of S. japonicum infection on asthma (infection before allergen sensitization), whereas the protective effects of S. japonicum infection (allergen sensitization before infection) on asthma were rarely investigated. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of S. japonicum infection on AAI using a mouse model of OVA-induced asthma. To explore how the timing of S. japonicum infection influences its protective effect, the mice were percutaneously infected with cercaria of S. japonicum at either 1 day (infection at lung-stage during AAI) or 14 days before ovalbumin (OVA) challenge (infection at post–lung-stage during AAI). We found that lung-stage S. japonicum infection significantly ameliorated OVA-induced AAI, whereas post–lung-stage infection did not. Mechanistically, lung-stage S. japonicum infection significantly upregulated the frequency of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), especially OVA-specific Treg cells, in lung tissue, which negatively correlated with the level of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). Depletion of Treg cells in vivo partially counteracted the protective effect of lung-stage S. japonicum infection on asthma. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of lung tissue showed that lung-stage S. japonicum infection during AAI shaped the microenvironment to favor Treg induction. In conclusion, our data showed that lung-stage S. japonicum infection could relieve OVA-induced asthma in a mouse model. The protective effect was mediated by the upregulated OVA-specific Treg cells, which suppressed IgE production. Our results may facilitate the discovery of a novel therapy for AAI.

The Androgenic Alopecia Protective Effects of Forsythiaside-A and the Molecular Regulation in a Mouse Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heon-Sub Shin ◽  
Sang-Yong Park ◽  
Hyun-Geun Song ◽  
Eunson Hwang ◽  
Don-Gil Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Molecular Regulation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia

scholarly journals Ameliorate Effects of Li-Fu Formula on IL-6-Mediated Cardiac Hypertrophy in Hamsters Fed with a Hyper-Cholesterol Diet

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chang Cheng ◽  
Chieh-His Wu ◽  
Wei-Wen Kuo ◽  
James A. Lin ◽  
Hsueh-Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Formula Group ◽  
Whole Heart

Hypercholesterolemia diets are considered as major sources to cause cardiac hypertrophy. This study intends to evaluate the effects of Li-Fu formula on cardiac hypertrophy induced by hypercholesterolemia diet. Twenty-four male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into control, cholesterol and Li-Fu formula groups and fed with different experimental diets for 2 months. Histopathological analysis and western blotting were performed to measure the myocardial architecture, and various cardiac hypertrophy-associated molecules in the excised left ventricle from hamsters. The ratios of whole heart weight/body weight (BW) and left ventricle weight/BW were significantly higher in the cholesterol group but significantly lower in the Li-Fu formula group. The protein levels of both atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide were significantly increased in the cholesterol group but significantly reduced in the Li-Fu formula group. Additionally, significantly increased interleukin-6, STAT3, MEK5, p-ERK5 and non-cardiomyocyte proliferate signal molecules such as p-MEK and p-ERK, were detected in the cholesterol group but significantly reduced in the Li-Fu formula group. Notably, no significant variations of inflammatory signaling molecules, including p-P38 and p-JNK, were detected in all groups. Our experimental results demonstrated the significant reductions of cardiac hypertrophy and related eccentric hypertrophy signaling, non-cardiomyocyte proliferate signaling in the excised left ventricle of hamsters from the Li-Fu formula. We suggested the protective effects of Li-Fu formula on cardiac hypertrophy that may be useful in prevention or treatment of hypertrophy-associated cardiovascular diseases.

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