Faculty Opinions recommendation of Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Progression to Dementia: Follow-up of the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study Cohort.

Abstract Prior studies have shown that when standard diagnostic criteria are applied, the majority of individuals diagnosed with aMCI do not progress to clinical dementia, with a much larger proportion reverting to normal cognition. This suggests that a prospective confirmation of aMCI diagnosis may improve the specificity of the classification. We examined the rates of aMCI reversion using two definitions: one based on a single annual assessment, and one requiring a diagnosis over two consecutive annual assessments within the population based Einstein Aging Study Cohort. Using the definition that used a single annual assessment resulted in 224 incident aMCI cases in 5,321 person years of follow-up, for an incidence rate of 4.21 cases per 100 person years. Requiring the confirmatory diagnosis resulted in only 94 incident aMCI cases in 5736 person years of follow-up, for an incidence rate of 1.64 cases per 100 person years. 41% of the persons diagnosed with aMCI using the single annual assessment were cognitively normal at the next follow-up. Only 14% of the persons diagnosed with incident aMCI using the definition requiring later confirmation ever returned to being cognitively normal. When the aMCI definition that required confirmation was used, a dramatic reduction in the incidence rate of aMCI was observed in persons born after 1930, similar to what has been reported in the same cohort for dementia, but there was no such difference for the definition based on a single annual assessment.

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Elucidating the risk factors for progression from amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205017666201130094259 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Hyung-Ji Kim ◽

Jae-Hong Lee ◽

E-nae Cheong ◽

Sung-Eun Chung ◽

Sungyang Jo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Amyloid Pet ◽

Clinical Progression ◽

Amnestic Mci

Background: Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15–20% of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted this subpopulation in terms of clinical progression. Objective: We investigated the risk factors that could affect the progression to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a single-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients over the age of 50 with amyloidnegative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center with a follow-up period of more than 36 months. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), detailed neuropsychological testing, and fluorine-18[F18]-florbetaben amyloid PET. Results: During the follow-up period, 39 of 107 patients progressed to dementia from amnestic MCI. In comparison with the stationary group, the progressed group had a more severe impairment in verbal and visual episodic memory function and hippocampal atrophy, which showed an Alzheimer’s disease-like pattern despite the lack of evidence for significant Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Voxel-based morphometric MRI analysis revealed that the progressed group had a reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral cerebellar cortices, right temporal cortex, and bilateral insular cortices. Conclusion: Considering the lack of evidence of amyloid pathology, clinical progression of these subpopulation may be caused by other neuropathologies such as TDP-43, abnormal tau or alpha synuclein that lead to neurodegeneration independent of amyloid-driven pathway. Further prospective studies incorporating biomarkers of Alzheimer’s diseasemimicking dementia are warranted.

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Metabolic Syndrome Features and Excess Weight Were Inversely Associated with Nut Consumption after 1-Year Follow-Up in the PREDIMED-Plus Study

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxaa289 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 150 (12) ◽

pp. 3161-3170

Author(s):

Alicia Julibert ◽

Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽

Laura Gallardo-Alfaro ◽

Manuela Abbate ◽

Miguel Á Martínez-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Excess Weight ◽

Study Cohort

ABSTRACT Background High nut consumption has been previously associated with decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) regardless of race and dietary patterns. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in nut consumption over a 1-y follow-up are associated with changes in features of MetS in a middle-aged and older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods This prospective 1-y follow-up cohort study, conducted in the framework of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial, included 5800 men and women (55–75 y old) with overweight/obesity [BMI (in kg/m2) ≥27 and <40] and MetS. Nut consumption (almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and other nuts) was assessed using data from a validated FFQ. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 y in features of MetS [waist circumference (WC), glycemia, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and excess weight (body weight and BMI) according to tertiles of change in nut consumption. Secondary outcomes included changes in dietary and lifestyle characteristics. A generalized linear model was used to compare 1-y changes in features of MetS, weight, dietary intakes, and lifestyle characteristics across tertiles of change in nut consumption. Results As nut consumption increased, between each tertile there was a significant decrease in WC, TG, systolic blood pressure, weight, and BMI (P < 0.05), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (only in women, P = 0.044). The interaction effect between time and group was significant for total energy intake (P < 0.001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) (P < 0.001), and nut consumption (P < 0.001). Across tertiles of increasing nut consumption there was a significant increase in extra virgin olive oil intake and adherence to the MedDiet; change in energy intake, on the other hand, was inversely related to consumption of nuts. Conclusions Features of MetS and excess weight were inversely associated with nut consumption after a 1-y follow-up in the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.

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Evaluation of the efficacy of physical therapy on cognitive decline at 6-month follow-up in Parkinson disease patients with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-021-01865-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Micol Avenali ◽

Marta Picascia ◽

Cristina Tassorelli ◽

Elena Sinforiani ◽

Sara Bernini

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Physical Therapy ◽

Parkinson Disease ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Analyses of Visuospatial and Visuoperceptual Errors as Predictors of Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617720001216 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Iván Galtier ◽

Antonieta Nieto ◽

María Mata ◽

Jesús N. Lorenzo ◽

José Barroso

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Independent Risk Factors

ABSTRACT Objective: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are considered as the risk factors for dementia (PDD). Posterior cortically based functions, such as visuospatial and visuoperceptual (VS-VP) processing, have been described as predictors of PDD. However, no investigations have focused on the qualitative analysis of the Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLOT) and the Facial Recognition Test (FRT) in PD-SCD and PD-MCI. The aim of this work was to study the VS-VP errors in JLOT and FRT. Moreover, these variables are considered as predictors of PDD. Method: Forty-two PD patients and 19 controls were evaluated with a neuropsychological protocol. Patients were classified as PD-SCD and PD-MCI. Analyses of errors were conducted following the procedure described by Ska, Poissant, and Joanette (1990). Follow-up assessment was conducted to a mean of 7.5 years after the baseline. Results: PD-MCI patients showed a poor performance in JLOT and FRT total score and made a greater proportion of severe intraquadrant (QO2) and interquadrant errors (IQO). PD-SCD showed a poor performance in FRT and made mild errors in JLOT. PD-MCI and QO2/IQO errors were independent risk factors for PDD during the follow-up. Moreover, the combination of both PD-MCI diagnosis and QO2/IQO errors was associated with a greater risk. Conclusions: PD-MCI patients presented a greater alteration in VS-VP processing observable by the presence of severe misjudgments. PD-SCD patients also showed mild difficulties in VS-SP functions. Finally, QO2/IQO errors in PD-MCI are a useful predictor of PDD, more than PD-MCI diagnosis alone.

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332 - Electroconvulsive therapy in older adults with major depression was not associated with cognitive decline during a 15-year follow-up

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s104161022000232x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (S1) ◽

pp. 91-91

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Major Depression ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Community Sample ◽

Control Group

AUTHORS:Kerstin Johansson, Karolina Thömkvist, Ingmar Skoog and Sacuiu SF* (*presenter)OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in major depression in relation to the development of dementia during long-term follow-up.METHOD:In an observational clinical prospective study of consecutive patients 70 years and older diagnosed with major depression at baseline 2000-2004 (n=1090), who were free of dementia and received antidepressant treatment, with or without ECT, we sought to determine if cognitive decline (mild cognitive impairment and dementia) during 15 -year follow-up was associated with receiving ECT at baseline. The control group was selected among the participants in the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies matched by age group and sex 1:1.RESULTS:Among patients with affective syndromes 7% received ECT. During follow-up, 157 patients were diagnosed with dementia, equal proportions among those who received ECT (14.5%) and those who did not receive ECT (14.5%). The relation between ECT and cognitive decline remained non-significant irrespective antidepressive medication or presence of mild cognitive impairment at baseline.CONCLUSION:Preliminary results indicate that ECT was not associated with the development of cognitive decline in the long-term in a hospital-based cohort of 70+ year-olds. The results remain to verify against controls from a representative community sample.

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