Faculty Opinions recommendation of Travel to Asia and traveller's diarrhoea with antibiotic treatment are independent risk factors for acquiring ciprofloxacin-resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae-a prospective cohort study.

This prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the frequency of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing organisms, various bacteria producing ESBL, antibiotic susceptibility of these organisms, and the risk factors associated with these infections in a neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary care hospital in North India. Of the 150 neonates enrolled in the study, 47 culture-positive neonates were included in the study cohort and were divided into two groups: ESBL-positive (8 neonates) and ESBL-negative (39 neonates) cohorts. Various organisms were isolated from 72 culture samples in these 47 neonates. Of these, 10 culture samples grew ESBL-positive organisms and 62 samples grew ESBL-negative organisms. The frequency of ESBL-producing organisms was found to be 5.3%. ESBL infection incidence densities were found to be 3.4 per 1000 patient-days.Klebsiella(60%) was the most common organism producing ESBL followed byEscherichia coli(30%) andPseudomonas(10%). Eighty percent of the ESBL-producing organisms were sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam. Risk factors found significant by univariate analysis (P<0.05) were preterm, low birthweight, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome, anaemia, metabolic acidosis, prolonged mechanical ventilation (>7 days), length of hospitalization, length of level 3 stay, prior antibiotic use, central venous catheter duration, peripherally inserted central venous catheter duration, and total parenteral nutrition duration. Factors that retained significance in the logistic regression model were duration of hospital stay (adjusted OR: 0.958, CI: 0.920–0.997, andPvalue = 0.037) and gestational age (adjusted OR: 1.39, CI: 1.037–1.865, andPvalue = 0.028). There was no significant difference in the mortality between the two groups.

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Physical frailty predicts the development of social frailty: a prospective cohort study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-020-01814-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Koutatsu Nagai ◽

Kayoko Tamaki ◽

Hiroshi Kusunoki ◽

Yosuke Wada ◽

Shotaro Tsuji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Social Status ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Social Activity ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background It has not been clarified whether physical frailty symptoms predict social. frailty. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of physical frailty on social frailty, and to determine which domains of physical frailty predict the development of social frailty. Methods We employed a two-year prospective cohort study. A total of 342 socially robust community-dwelling older adults were recruited. We used a modified social frailty screening index consisting of four social domains including financial difficulties, living alone, social activity, and contact with neighbors. Physical frailty status was also assessed at baseline. At the two-year follow-up, we assessed the development of social frailty. Social status was assessed using four social subdomains for the primary analysis. Social status was assessed using the two social subdomains of social activity and contact with neighbors, which would be affected by the physical frailty component, for the secondary analysis. The risk ratios (RR) of physical frailty for the development of social frailty were estimated. Results Although physical frailty symptoms were not a significant risk factor for future development of social frailty as assessed by four social subdomains (adjusted RR 1.39, 95% CI 0.95–2.15), it became significant when development of social frailty was assessed by the two social subdomains (adjusted RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.10–2.88). An analysis using the physical frailty subdomain showed that slow gait speed (adjusted RR 3.41, 95% CI 1.10–10.53) and weakness (adjusted RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.12) were independent risk factors for development of social frailty as assessed by two social subdomains. Conclusions Physical frailty symptoms predict the development of social frailty. Among physical frailty subdomains, gait speed and muscle strength are critical independent risk factors for future decline in the social aspect. The prevention of physical frailty, especially by maintaining gait ability and muscle strength, may be effective for avoiding social frailty.

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Epidemiology and risk factors of community-onset urinary tract infection caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a medical center in Taiwan: A prospective cohort study

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection ◽

10.1016/j.jmii.2013.08.006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 168-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Che-Hsuan Kung ◽

Wen-Wei Ku ◽

Chi-Hung Lee ◽

Chang-Phone Fung ◽

Shu-Chen Kuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Medical Center ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Community Onset

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Duration of Colonization by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Healthy Newborns and Associated Risk Factors: A Prospective Cohort Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy312 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

María Jesús Rodríguez-Revuelta ◽

Lorena López-Cerero ◽

Lara Serrano ◽

Salud Luna-Lagares ◽

Alvaro Pascual ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Median Duration ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Coli Isolate ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Duration of colonization by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and factors associated with it were studied in 20 newborns in Seville, Spain. Median duration of colonization was 7.5 months; factors associated with prolonged colonization were delivery by caesarean section, colonization of the mother, and phylogroup B2 Eschericha coli isolate.

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