scholarly journals ‘Kindergarten’ keeping-system in farrowing house: effect the socialization of piglets on weight performances, fecal cortisol metabolite level and post-weaning behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Gabriella Novotniné Dankó ◽  
László Huzsvai ◽  
Margit Huszenicza-Kulcsár ◽  
Zsolt Győri ◽  
Hanna Jankowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Analysis ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Personal Observation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Metabolite Level ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Fecal Cortisol ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

This study aimed to examine whether litters’ let-together system before weaning (‘kindergarten-system’) has any stress effect and effect on post-weaning behavior, respectively. One week before weaning piglets were socialized by removing four adjacent farrowing crate walls. After weaning, piglets from the same experimental groups were housed in the same rearing crates. The piglet’s body weight was measured at birth than weekly till the 7th life-week. Fecal cortisol metabolites were measured for evaluation of the adrenocortical activity. Personal observation and evaluation were carried out for behavioral analyses after weaning. There were no significant differences in weight development and cortisol metabolite levels between the control and experimental groups. Behavioral analysis showed that pigs grow up in a socialized system, rapidly evolve ranking in the rearing crates, and the self-maintenance and social behavior were more pronounced. In control groups, the activity involving movement (exploring, walking, and running) was much more decisive. Recent work suggested the beneficial effect of the ‘kindergarten’ system in the farrowing house in animal welfare aspects.

scholarly journals Examination the stresseffect of litter’s let-together system (“kindergarten”) by measuring faecal cortisol metabolites of sows and piglets

2016 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Zsolt Győri ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
Péter Balogh ◽  
László Huzsvai ◽  
Gabriella Novotniné Dankó
Keyword(s):  
Stress Effect ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Corticosterone Metabolites ◽  
Pig Husbandry ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

Piglets in commercial intensive pig husbandry are often abruptly weaned between 3 and 4 weeks for economic reasons. The process of weaning is a multifactorial stressor, in which nutritional, social, physical and psychologic stressors are combined. Piglets are often exposed to unfamiliar piglets around weaning which results in a period of vigorous fighting. Stress plays an important part in welfare research. Traditionally glucocorticoids are measured in blood samples but their use is often limited as the act of sample collection may stress an animal. Measurement of faecal cortisol/corticosterone metabolites is a non-invasive method for evaluation adrenocortical activity. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of litter’s let-together system (“kindergarten”) in the farrowing house by measuring faecal cortisol metabolites. According to our results the “kindergarten” system has no stress effect on sows and piglets, respectively.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Monitoring of Adrenocortical Activity in Three Sympatric Desert Gerbil Species

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Álvaro Navarro-Castilla ◽  
Mario Garrido ◽  
Hadas Hawlena ◽  
Isabel Barja
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Corticosterone Metabolites ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Fecal Corticosterone Metabolites

The study of the endocrine status can be useful to understand wildlife responses to the changing environment. Here, we validated an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to non-invasively monitor adrenocortical activity by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites (FCM) in three sympatric gerbil species (Gerbillus andersoni, G. gerbillus and G. pyramidum) from the Northwestern Negev Desert’s sands (Israel). Animals included into treatment groups were injected with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to stimulate adrenocortical activity, while control groups received a saline solution. Feces were collected at different intervals and FCM were quantified by an EIA. Basal FCM levels were similar in the three species. The ACTH effect was evidenced, but the time of FCM peak concentrations appearance differed between the species (6–24 h post-injection). Furthermore, FCM peak values were observed sooner in G. andersoni females than in males (6 h and 18 h post-injection, respectively). G. andersoni and G. gerbillus males in control groups also increased FCM levels (18 h and 48 h post-injection, respectively). Despite the small sample sizes, our results confirmed the EIA suitability for analyzing FCM in these species as a reliable indicator of the adrenocortical activity. This study also revealed that close species, and individuals within a species, can respond differently to the same stressor.

The Effect of Group Counseling on Educable Mentally Retarded Boys’ Self Concepts

1969 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Mann ◽  
James D. Beaber ◽  
Milton D. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Group Counseling ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Educable Mentally Retarded ◽  
And Control ◽  
Significant Factors

The effects of group counseling on the self concepts of young educable mentally handicapped boys were studied, along with the variables of anxiety, deportment and achievement in reading and arithmetic as rated by teachers, attendance, IQ, and age. Results indicated that those who received group counseling tended to exhibit greater improvement in self concept, more reduction in anxiety, and better grades in deportment and the academic subjects of reading and arithmetic, than those who did not receive the counseling. No significant difference was found between experimental and control groups in attendance. Age and IQ were not found to be significant factors in the counseled group.

Seasonal Changes in Fecal Cortisol Metabolites in Pyrenean Chamois

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONI DALMAU ◽  
ALFRED FERRET ◽  
GEMA CHACON ◽  
XAVIER MANTECA
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Fecal Cortisol ◽  
Pyrenean Chamois ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

scholarly journals Fecal cortisol metabolites as indicators of stress in crab-eating-fox (Cerdocyoun thous) in captivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 859-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina C.R. Paz ◽  
Nely P. Souza ◽  
Janine L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fecal Cortisol ◽  
Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolites ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

Abstract: Blood samples collection is a common method in biological research using domestic animals. However, most blood sampling techniques are complicated and highly invasive and may therefore not be appropriate for wildlife animals in research concerning stress. Thus, a non-invasive method to measure steroid hormones is critically needed. The first goal of this study was to determine how glucocorticoids concentrations are impacted by translocation and reproductive activity in crab-eating-fox (Cerdocyoun thous) in captivity. The physiological relevance of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites was further validated by demonstrating: (1) The translocation of a male to a females enclosure resulted in a 3.5-fold increase compared to baseline concentrations, (2) changes in adrenocortical activity, as reflected in concentrations of fecal cortisol metabolites during reproduction, gestation and lactation in females foxes, indicating that social interactions resulted in large increases of fecal glucocorticoids metabolites during the reproductive season. From these findings we conclude that fecal samples can be used for the non-invasive assessment of adrenocortical status in crab-eating-fox.

Internal vs External Locus of Control and the Use of Self-Reinforcement

1972 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Bellack
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Verbal Discrimination ◽  
The Self ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
External Locus ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
External Locus Of Control

All Ss received training on a verbal discrimination task with E reinforcing correct responses. After training to a 60% criterion E ceased administering reinforcement and Ss were instructed to reinforce themselves after correct responses. Ss were divided into internal and external locus of control groups; during the self-reinforcement phase, half of each group received the same stimuli as during training and half received a generalization set. There were no differences between internals and externals in total self-reinforcement used or in its correctness. Internals made fewer correct responses and gave more incorrect self-reinforcement despite a lack of differences in initial learning. Results and implications were discussed in terms of the identification and establishment of reinforcement contingencies by the two locus of control types.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF INTERPRETATION COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF CHOREOGRAPHY (diagnostic and ascertaining stage of experiment)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tverdohlib
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Operational Activity ◽  
And Control

The article presents the diagnostic and ascertaining stage of the experiment (2017–2018), which aimed to determine the self-esteem of future teachers of choreography in relation to the formation of the phenomenon of interpretive competence and awareness of the relevance of its formation; research and analysis of the main methodological paradigms of formation of interpretive competence of future teachers of choreography; division of students into experimental and control groups; diagnosis of the formation of interpretive competence on the basis of appropriate methods.The process of diagnosing the formation of interpretive competence involves the analysis of the state of formation of the studied phenomenon by motivational-value, cognitive, operational-activity and creative-improvisational criteria.Keywords: interpretive competence, choreography teachers, diagnostic and ascertaining stage of the experiment.

scholarly journals Changes in behavior and fecal cortisol metabolites when dairy cattle are regrouped in pairs versus individually after calving

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 4681-4690 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A. Mazer ◽  
P.L. Knickerbocker ◽  
K.L. Kutina ◽  
J.M. Huzzey
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fecal Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

Effects of Fictional, Autobiographical and Self-Help Literature on Personality Measures

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Scholz ◽  
James J. Forest
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Reading Condition ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Group Reading ◽  
Personal Orientation

This study evaluated three types of books under different reading conditions and using two measures of personality. Data from 163 women were analyzed in a 3 × 2 × 2 multivariate design, with control groups, which varied type of book (fiction, autobiography, self-help), reading condition (supervised and unsupervised), and order of testing (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Personal Orientation Inventory). None of the groups who received books to read had mean scores significantly different from those of the control groups. However, the group reading the self-help book had significantly higher scores on scales of self-actualization than the groups using fictional or autobiographical books.

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