scholarly journals Heterobeltiosis and combining ability among Egyptian cotton genotypes under well irrigated and water deficit conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Maamoun A. Abdel-Moneam ◽  
Mohammed H. Ghoneima ◽  
Waleed A. E. Abido ◽  
Ágnes Hadházy ◽  
Yaser M. El-Mansy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Egyptian Cotton

Two field experiments were carried out during the 2014 and 2015 seasons to evaluate certain genotypes of Egyptian cotton under well irrigated and water stress conditions. The cross combination Giza 69 x Australy recorded the best values for better parent heterosis for all physiological measurements and earliness index under well irrigated and deficit conditions. Of the female parents, Giza 86 was found to be a good general combiner for most yield characters under both normal and stress conditions, followed by Giza 94. Data illustrated that Giza 45 was the best general combiner for most fiber quality traits under both conditions. The cross combinations Giza 86 x Dandra and Giza 69 x Pima S6 showed significant positive SCA values for seed cotton and lint yield/plant under well irrigated and water deficit conditions. However, the combinations Giza 77 x PimaS6 and Giza 94 x 10229 recorded significant positive SCA effects for seed cotton yield/plant under stress. Whilst, the cross Giza 68 x 10229 recorded significant desirable SCA effects for most fiber quality properties. In this context, the estimates significant positive general and specific combining ability effects indicated that the epistasis and/or dominance effects for F1 hybrid in cotton could be important to a certain extent.

scholarly journals Water relations composition among Egyptian cotton genotypes under water deficit

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Maamoun A. Abdel-Moneam ◽  
Waleed A. E. Abido ◽  
Mohammed H. Ghoneima ◽  
Ágnes Hadházy ◽  
László Zsombik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Egyptian Cotton

Background: water shortage is one of the major factor effects on growth characters and yield of most crops. Objective: this study was conducted to get to know the reactions of some Egyptian cotton genotypes to water deficit. Methods: The genetic materials used in this study included thirteen cotton genotypes belonging to Gossypium barbadense L., from the Cotton Research Institute (CRI), which was devoted to establishing the experimental materials for this investigation. Results: the ratio of GCA/SCA was less than unity for all studied indices, indicating predominance of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis), which is an important in exploitation of heterosis through hybrid breeding. Results: The data showed significant reduction in water relationship characters for all parental genotypes under stress conditions. The Egyptian variety Giza 68 gave high values for most water relationship characters. Data revealed that the greater the value of tolerance index is, the larger the yield reduction is under water deficit conditions and the higher the stress sensitivity is becoming. The parental genotypes Giza 96 showed the highest reduction in yield under water deficit conditions. At the same time, the cross combination Minufy x Australy showed higher values of yield reduction followed by the combinations Giza 67 x Australy. Of the male parents, the Russian genotype 10229 recorded the best GCA values for most water relationship characters. At the same time, the female parents, the old Egyptian genotype Giza 67 recorded the best values and exhibited good general combined for most water relationship characters. The cross combinations Giza 86 x Pima S6, Giza 77 x Pima S6, Giza 94 x Dandra and Giza 96 x Australy showed significant desirable SCA effect for most characters. Conclusion: relative water content %, osmotic pressure, chlorophyll and carotenoids content indicates better availability of water in the cell, which increases the photosynthetic rate. Also, the higher level of proline accumulation in the leaves which was recorded under deficit water suggests that the production of proline is probably a common response of plant under water deficit conditions.

Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum) Response to DPX-PE350 Applied Postemergence

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Robert E. Frans ◽  
Marilyn R. McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Over The Top

Field experiments were conducted from 1989 through 1991 to determine the effect of DPX-PE350 applied postemergence over-the-top on cotton yield and fiber quality. DPX-PE350, at rates ranging from 50 to 280 g ae ha−1applied to cotton in the VC to R6 growth stages, had no adverse effect on seed cotton yield, micronaire, fiber length, fiber length uniformity, or fiber strength. Cotton injury was 10% or less in all experiments.

Growth Analysis of Cotton in Competition with Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Jinyan Yang ◽  
Hanwen Wu ◽  
Weili Jiang ◽  
Yajie Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
The Relationship

Field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to determine the influence of velvetleaf densities of 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 plants m−1of row on cotton growth and yield. The relationship between velvetleaf density and seed cotton yield was described by the hyperbolic decay regression model, which estimated that a density of 0.44 to 0.48 velvetleaf m−1of row would result in a seed cotton yield loss of 50%. Velvetleaf remained taller and thicker than cotton throughout the growing season. Both cotton height and stem diameter reduced with increasing velvetleaf density. Moreover, velvetleaf interference delayed cotton maturity, especially at velvetleaf densities of 1 to 8 plants m−1of row, and cotton boll number and weight, seed numbers per boll, and lint percentage were also reduced. Fiber quality was not influenced by weed density when analyzed over 2 yr; however, fiber length uniformity and micronaire were adversely affected in 2014. Velvetleaf intraspecific competition resulted in density-dependent effects on weed biomass, ranging from 97 to 204 g plant−1dry weight. Velvetleaf seed production per plant or per square meter was indicated by a logarithmic response. At a density of 1 plant m−1of cotton row, velvetleaf produced approximately 20,000 seeds m−2. The adverse impact of velvetleaf on cotton growth and development identified in this study have indicated the need for effective management of this species when the weed density is greater than 0.25 to 0.5 plant m−1of row and before the weed seed maturity.

Effect of Growth Stage on Cotton Response to a Sublethal Concentration of Dicamba

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Buol ◽  
Daniel B. Reynolds ◽  
Darrin M. Dodds ◽  
J. Anthony Mills ◽  
Robert L. Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Crop Maturity ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

AbstractThe introduction of auxin herbicide weed control systems has led to increased occurrence of crop injury in susceptible soybeans and cotton. Off-target exposure to sublethal concentrations of dicamba can occur at varying growth stages, which may affect crop response. Field experiments were conducted in Mississippi in 2014, 2015, and 2016 to characterize cotton response to a sublethal concentration of dicamba equivalent to 1/16X the labeled rate. Weekly applications of dicamba at 35 g ae ha−1were made to separate sets of replicated plots immediately following planting until 14 wk after emergence (WAE). Exposure to dicamba from 1 to 9 WAE resulted in up to 32% visible injury, and exposure from 7 to 10 WAE delayed crop maturity. Exposure from 8 to 10 and 13 WAE led to increased cotton height, while an 18% reduction in machine-harvested yield resulted from exposure at 6 WAE. Cotton exposure at 3 to 9 WAE reduced the seed cotton weight partitioned to position 1 fruiting sites, while exposure at 3 to 6 WAE also reduced yield in position 2 fruiting sites. Exposure at 2, 3, and 5 to 7 WAE increased the percent of yield partitioned to vegetative branches. An increase in percent of yield partitioned to plants with aborted terminals occurred following exposure from 3 to 7 WAE and corresponded with reciprocal decreases in yield partitioned to positional fruiting sites. Minimal effects were observed on fiber quality, except for decreases in fiber length uniformity resulting from exposure at 9 and 10 WAE.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY FOR FLOWERING AND YIELD TRAITS OF JATROPHA (Jatropha curcas L)

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. K. M. Aminul Islam ◽  
N. Anuar ◽  
Z. Yaakob ◽  
M. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Positive Effect

An experiment was conducted with 6 × 6 half diallel population to determine the combining ability for yield characters in Jatropha. Combining ability analysis revealed that both general and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the characters studied. GCA was observed to be higher in magnitude for majority of the characters except number of inflorescence per plant indicating that these characters were predominantly under additive genetic control. The non additive components of variance were also involved in the inheritance of number of inflorescence per plant. The parent P1 was the best general combiner for most of the traits including earliness and seed yield per plant and P5 was the poor general combiner for all the traits except hundred seed weight. Higher negative SCA effect was found in the cross combination P1×P3 for earliness and positive effect for seed yield per plant. Finally, it can be concluded that both additive and dominant genetic components are important for earliness and seed yield in Jatropha. The cross combination P1×P2, P1×P3, P2×P5 and P4×P6 is found promising for earliness and seed yield per plant. These combinations could be selected for the development of hybrid varieties in Jatropha.

Development of superior hybrids for fibre quality based on heterosis and combining ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Sukhdeep Singh Sivia ◽  
S. S. Siwach ◽  
O. Sangwan ◽  
Sunayana .
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fibre Quality ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Cotton Breeding ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield

The cultivated Gossypium spp. represents the most important, natural fibre crop in the world. Breeding for high cotton yield is still the primary goal of cotton breeding programs, but improving fibre quality has become increasingly important. The enhancement of fibre quality traits like fibre length, strength, and fibre fineness is an essential requirement for the modern textile industry. The objective of this study was to facilitate the selection in cotton breeding program and estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of hybrids considered for the development of high yielding and better fiber quality in early generations. The study was carried out at cotton research area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) during 2014 and 2015 kharif season. Fifteen cotton lines (which have maximum diversity) and four testers (which are known as well adapted and high yielding) were crossed in a line x tester mating design in 2014. Nineteen genotypes and 60 F1 hybrids were planted in the randomized complete block design with three replications at the same experimental area in 2015. The ratio of δ2 GCA /δ2 SCA was less than unity for all the nine characters indicating preponderance of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis), which is an important in exploitation of heterosis through hybrid breeding. The best general combining ability was detected from the parent H1470 for seed cotton yield, H1464 and H1098-i for fiber quality traits. SCA was significant for AC726 x H1236, ISR12 x H1226, HR1 x H1117 hybrid combinations for yield and fiber quality. The crosses H1470 x H1236 and H1470 x H1098-i were reported good heterosis for seed cotton yield as well as for fibre quality, selected the best hybrids were H1464 x H1098-i and H1463 x H1226. These cross combinations involved at least one parent with high or average GCA effect for a particular trait. The cross combination involving H1470, H1098-i and H1464 parents’ recorded significant positive heterosis with acceptable SCA effect for both yield and fibre quality parameters. This investigation concluded that the parents H1470, H1098-i and H1464 can be used in hybrid development programme with better fibre quality.

scholarly journals A Line × Tester analysis for some seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits in upland cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Aziz Ullah ◽  
Amir Shakeel ◽  
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Majid Yar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Fiber Quality Traits ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Fiber Fineness

The objective of the present study was to estimate general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of crosses for the development of high yielding cotton varieties. The study was carried out at the experimental area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. A line × tester analysis was made to identify the superior general and specific combiners for seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits in upland cotton. Five lines/females (FH-114, FH-1000, CIM-448, CIM-707, NIAB-111) and three testers/males (TH-41-83, Cocker-307 and Allepo-41) were crossed to develop 15 F1 hybrids. These genotypes were evaluated along with parents in RCBD with three replications. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares for seed cotton yield, lint percentage, fiber fineness, fiber strength and fiber length were significant. The fiber fineness showed greater importance of additive gene effect while seed cotton yield, lint percentage, fiber strength and fiber length exhibited non additive genetic effects. Parents FH-114 and NIAB-111 among lines and COKER-307 from testers were found as good general combiners for most of the traits. Hence, these parents proved worth to be used in hybridization and selection program for extracting desirable plants from segregating population. F1 crosses CIM-707 × COKER-307, CIM-707 × ALLEPO-41 and FH-1000 × COKER-307, by and large, exhibited their superiority for all traits studied and were noted as the best specific combiners. Therefore, these crosses may be preferred to improve several traits simultaneously by selection or may be used for hybrid cotton crop development

scholarly journals Combining ability of different yield related characters in Rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
MJ Hasan ◽  
MU Kulsum ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Combining ability for yield and yield contributing character of rice was studied using five lines IR79156A, BRRI7A, BRRI33A, BRRI21A and IR75608A and four testers BRRI20R, BRRI31R, BRRI26R and BAU521R to produce 20 F1 in line × tester fashion. The variances due to SCA were larger than the variance due to GCA for all the characters which indicate the prevalence of non-additive gene action. BRRI7A/BRRI31R cross combination was the best specific combiner for grain yield/plant. The predominance of non-additive genetic components was observed for all the traits which indicated that the improvement of the characters with greater non-additive genetic component could be contemplated for the exploitation of heterosis. Estimates of GCA effects showed that maternal line BRRI33A and paternal tester BRRI31R was an excellent general combiner for improving yield contributing traits. The cross IR79156A/BRRI20R was found as good specific combiner for most of the yield contributing traits viz., panicle length, panicle weight, number of spikelet/panicle, spikelet fertility, 1000 grain weight, harvest index and grain yield/plant. The cross between good general combiners did not always produce the best specific crosses. Moreover, the predominance of the production of the best specific crosses from high × low and low × low combiners indicated the influence of non-additive and over dominant gene actions on the yield and yield contributing traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21926 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 143-153 (2014)

Response of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense) yield to 1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride (Pix)

1990 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Sawan ◽  
R. A. Sakr
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Fibre Property ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Egyptian Cotton ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

SUMMARYTwo field experiments were conducted in Egypt in 1985 and 1986 to examine the responses of yield and its components and fibre quality in the Egyptian cotton cultivar Giza 75 to the spray application of 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg of 1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride (Pix)/litre at 90 days or at 90 and 110 days after sowing. Number of opened bolls/plant, boll weight, seed and lint index, seed cotton yield/plant, seed cotton and lint yield/ha and yield earliness increased, but lint percentage decreased after Pix application. The number of opened bolls/plant increased after one application, but there was no effect from a further application. There were no effects of concentration or number of applications of Pix on any fibre property.

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