scholarly journals Effect of floor type and bedding system on sows lifespan

2013 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Angéla Soltész
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Large White ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Comparative Examination

The paper studies two nucleus pig farms in the Great Plain region of Hungary which have same management, same feeding system but different breeding technology (Farm A had solid floor with straw and Farm B had slatted floor without straw). The genetics of sows were crossbred Dutch Large White and Dutch Landrace. The comparative examination was based on the causes of culling according to the different floor type. To the analysis of culling reasons was applied the methods of survival analysis. In the analysis there were used the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox Proportional Hazard model to the estimate the difference between the farms. The results of survival analysis showed significant difference (p<0.05) between the lifespan of sows that caused the difference between the survival probabilities of sows culled due to lameness. Furthermore there was showed that the sows kept on solid floor with straw have stayed in production longer than on slatted floor without straw. The hazard ratio was 1.434 that means that the culling due to lameness is 1.434 times higher by the slatted floor without straw facing by solid floor with straw.

scholarly journals The productive lifetime of sows on two farms from the aspect of reasons for culling

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Balogh ◽  
Wojciech Kapelański ◽  
Hanna Jankowiak ◽  
Lajos Nagy ◽  
Sandor Kovacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Large White ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
On Farm

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of the productive lifetime (PLT) of sows kept on two farms, from the aspect of reasons for culling. The study was based on data from animals from two breeding farms in Hungary, using the data of 3493 crossbred Dutch Large White and Dutch Landrace sows (DLW × DL) between their first farrowing until the time of culling (2006 and 2012). For six years, the annual culling rate for both farms averaged 45%. The most frequent reasons for removal on both farms were reproductive problems (40%, 51%), leg problems (29%, 23%) and mortality (19%, 15%). There was a significant difference between the distributions of reasons for culling on the two farms (χ2=41.7, P≤0.001). The distributions of reasons for culling differed in three periods of sow breeding (Farm A: χ2=264.7, P≤0.001; Farm B: χ2=511.1, P≤0.001). The percentage of main removal reasons decreased, whereas the frequency of culling due to age increased. Using survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model), significant differences were identified between the PLT of sows culled due to reproductive problems (P≤0.001), leg problems (P≤0.001) and old age (P≤0.001). Reproductive problems (HR: 1.34, P≤0.001) and leg problems (HR: 1.39, P≤0.001) were higher and culling due to old age (HR: 0.44, P≤0.001) was lower on Farm A compared to Farm B. There were no significant differences between the two farms in terms of mortality (HR: 0.99, P=0.923). Overall, the results can be useful for breeders of crossbred (DLW × DL) sow populations in more accurately defining their culling systems.

scholarly journals Introduction of Two-Dose Mumps-Containing Vaccine into Routine Immunization Schedule in Quzhou, China, Using Cox-Proportional Hazard Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhiying Yin ◽  
Canjie Zheng ◽  
Quanjun Fang ◽  
Xiaoying Gong ◽  
Guoping Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Model ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Routine Immunization Schedule ◽  
Different Doses

Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the mumps virus, but the incidence of mumps has increased among the children who were vaccinated with one-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the influence of different doses of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) against mumps using Cox-proportional hazard model. We collected 909 mumps cases of children who were born from 2006 to 2010 and vaccinated with different doses of MuCV in Quzhou during 2006-2018, which were all clinically diagnosed. Kaplan-Meier survival methods and Cox-proportional hazard model were used to estimate the hazard probabilities. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the cumulative hazard of male and female has no difference; lower hazards were detected among those who were vaccinated with two-dose MuCV, born in 2006, and infected after supplementary immunization activities (SIA). Cox-proportional hazard regression suggested that onset after SIA, born in 2006, and vaccinated with two-dose MuCV were protective factors against infection even after adjusting for potential confounding effects. Our study showed that it was necessary to revise the diagnostic criteria of mumps and identify RT-PCR as the standard for mumps diagnosis in China. We suggested that routine immunization schedule should introduce two doses of MMR and prevaccination screening should be performed before booster immunization in vaccinated populations.

Predictors of Loss To Follow Up and Mortality Among Children ?12 Years Receiving Anti Retroviral Therapy during the First Year at a Referral Hospital in Bali

2016 ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Juergens ◽  
A.A.S. Sawitri ◽  
I.W.G. Artawan Eka Putra ◽  
Tuti Parwati Merati
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Background and purpose: Many HIV-infected children in Bali have started antiretroviral therapy (ART), but loss to follow up (LTFU) is a continuing concern, and the issue of childhood adherence is more complex compared to adults.Methods: This was a retrospective study among cohort of 138 HIV+ children on ART in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali from January 2010 to December 2015. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to describe incidence and median time to LTFU/mortality and Cox Proportional Hazard Model was used to identify predictors. Variables which were analysed were socio-demographic characteristics, birth history, care giver and clinical condition of the children.Results: Mean age when starting ARV therapy was 3.21 years. About 25% experienced LTFU/death by 9.1 month resulting in an incidence rate of 3.28 per 100 child month. The higher the WHO stage, the higher the risk for LTFU/mortality along with low body weight (AHR=0.90; 95%CI: 0.82-0.99).Conclusion: Clinical characteristics were found as predictors for LTFU/mortality among children on ART.

scholarly journals Prognostic Relevance of Elevated Plasma Osmolality on Admission in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From PURSUIT-HFpEF Registry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akito Nakagawa ◽  
Yoshio Yasumura ◽  
Chikako Yoshida ◽  
Takahiro Okumura ◽  
Jun Tateishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Abstract BackgroundComplicated pathophysiology makes it difficult to identify the prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). While plasma osmolality has been reported to have prognostic importance, mainly in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), its prognostic meaning for HFpEF has not been elucidated. MethodsWe prospectively studied 960 patients in PURSUIT-HFpEF, a multicenter observational study of acute decompensated HFpEF inpatients. We divided patients into three groups according to the quantile values of plasma osmolality on admission. During a follow-up averaging 366 days, we examined the primary composite endpoint of cardiac mortality or heart failure re-admission using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and Cox proportional hazard testing. Results216 (22.5%) patients reached the primary endpoint. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that the highest quantile of plasma osmolality on admission (higher than 300.3 mOsm/kg) was significantly associated with adverse outcomes (Log-rank P = 0.0095). Univariable analysis in the Cox proportional hazard model also revealed significantly higher rates of adverse outcomes in the higher plasma osmolality on admission (hazard ratio [HR] 7.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.25–23.92, P = 0.0009). Multivariable analysis in the Cox proportional hazard model also showed that higher plasma osmolality on admission was significantly associated with adverse outcomes (HR 4.70; 95% CI 1.33–17.35, P = 0.0160) independently from other confounding factors such as age, gender, comorbid of atrial fibrillation, hypertension history, diabetes, malnutrition, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide elevation. ConclusionsHigher plasma osmolality on admission was prognostically important for acute decompensated HFpEF inpatients.

scholarly journals Analisis Premi Asuransi Jiwa Menggunakan Model Cox Proportional Hazard

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Firda Anisa Fajarini ◽  
Mohamat Fatekurohman
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard

<p>Cox proportional hazard model is a regression model that is used to see the factors that cause an event. The survival analysis used in this research is the period of time the client is able to pay the life insurance premium using Cox proportional hazard model with Breslow method.The purpose of this research is to know how sex, age, insured money, job, method of payment of premium, premium, and type of product can influence the level of ability of client to make payment of life insurance premium based on customer data from PT. BRI Life Insurance Branch of Jember in 2007.The result of this research is the final model of Cox proportional hazard obtained from several variables which have significant influence with simultaneous and partial significance test is the variable of insured money (<em>X<sub>3</sub></em>), variable of payment method of premium (<em>X<sub>5</sub></em>), premium variable (<em>X<sub>6</sub></em>) , and insurance product variable (<em>X<sub>7</sub></em>) . The four variables are said to have a significant effect on the model, so that the final model of Cox proportional hazard is obtained that consists of the parameter estimation (<em>β</em>) value of each variable</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong><strong> : </strong>survival analysis; cox proportional hazard model; breslow method; life insurance.</p>

scholarly journals Early Determinants of Length of Hospital Stay: A Case Control Survival Analysis among COVID-19 Patients admitted in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility of East India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110542
Author(s):  
Neeraj Agarwal ◽  
Bijit Biswas ◽  
Chandramani Singh ◽  
Rathish Nair ◽  
Gera Mounica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Control Survival

Background: Length of hospital stay (LOS) for a disease is a vital estimate for healthcare logistics planning. The study aimed to illustrate the effect of factors elicited on arrival on LOS of the COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective, record based, unmatched, case control study using hospital records of 334 COVID-19 patients admitted in an East Indian tertiary healthcare facility during May to October 2020. Discharge from the hospital (cases/survivors) was considered as an event while death (control/non-survivors) as right censoring in the case-control survival analysis using cox proportional hazard model. Results: Overall, we found the median LOS for the survivors to be 8 days [interquartile range (IQR): 7-10 days] while the same for the non-survivors was 6 days [IQR: 2-11 days]. In the multivariable cox-proportional hazard model; travel distance (>16 km) [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.69, 95% CI: (0.50-0.95)], mode of transport to the hospital (ambulance) [aHR: 0.62, 95% CI: (0.45-0.85)], breathlessness (yes) [aHR: 0.56, 95% CI: (0.40-0.77)], number of co-morbidities (1-2) [aHR: 0.66, 95% CI: (0.47-0.93)] (≥3) [aHR: 0.16, 95% CI: (0.04-0.65)], COPD/asthma (yes) [ [aHR: 0.11, 95% CI: (0.01-0.79)], DBP (<60/≥90) [aHR: 0.55, 95% CI: (0.35-0.86)] and qSOFA score (≥2) [aHR: 0.33, 95% CI: (0.12-0.92)] were the significant attributes affecting LOS of the COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Factors elicited on arrival were found to be significantly associated with LOS. A scoring system inculcating these factors may be developed to predict LOS of the COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Preoperative Lymphocyte-To-Monocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Predictor of Long-term Mortality Among Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis Based on a 4-year Follow-up Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoming Zhou ◽  
Mengya Liang ◽  
Suiqing Huang ◽  
Rennan Weng ◽  
Jian Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Lymphocyte To Monocyte Ratio ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Abstract BackgroundCardiac surgery is associated with a specific inflammatory response. The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) has been shown to be related to the prognosis of many cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the preoperative LMR in patients who underwent cardiac surgery.MethodsClinical data were extracted from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III database. The optimum cutoff value of the LMR for 4-year mortality was determined by X-tile software. The Cox proportional hazard model was applied for the identification of independent prognostic factors of 4-year mortality. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. The 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) method was performed to balance the influence of selection bias and potential confounding factors.ResultsA total of 1701 patients were included. The X‐tile software indicated that the optimum cutoff value of the LMR for 4-year mortality was 3.58. After PSM, 489 pairs of score-matched patients were generated. The Cox proportional hazard model showed that patients with an LMR < 3.58 had a significantly higher 4-year mortality than patients with an LMR ≥ 3.58 in the entire cohort (HR = 1.925, 95%CI: 1.509-2.456, p < 0.001) and the PSM subset (HR = 1.568, 95%CI: 1.2-2.05, p = 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with an LMR < 3.58 had a significantly lower 4-year survival rate in the entire cohort (71.7% vs. 88.5%, P < 0.001) and the PSM subset (73.2% vs. 81.4%, P = 0.002).ConclusionsA lower LMR (< 3.58) was associated with a higher risk of 4-year mortality and can potentially predict the long-term mortality of cardiac surgery patients.

scholarly journals Reinfection hazard of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuhan, China, using Cox-proportional hazard model

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (10) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342
Author(s):  
Y. Peng ◽  
B. Yu ◽  
D. G. Kong ◽  
Y. Y. Zhao ◽  
P. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Hand Foot Mouth Disease

AbstractHand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is an acute infectious disease caused by serotypes of the enterovirus (EV) family. HFMD reinfection occurs commonly in lack of cross-protection between different EV serotypes. In this study, we investigated the hazards of HFMD reinfection using Cox-proportional hazard model. Retrospective data of 95 209 HFMD cases in Wuhan during 2008–2015 was used. Kaplan–Meier survival methods and Cox-proportional hazard model were used to estimate the hazard probabilities. Of the all HFMD cases, about 2% experienced reinfection (1842/95 209). Kaplan–Meier curves revealed the reinfection risk sharply increased before 40 months from first infection. Higher hazards of reinfection were detected among those who were males, aged 3 years and below, scattered children, belonging to urban areas and first infected with coxsackievirus (CV)-A16 compared with their respective counterparts. Cox-proportional hazard model suggested that gender, age, group, living area and serotypes of first infection had significant effect on reinfection even after adjusting for potential confounding effects of other selected factors considered in the study. These results indicate that boys aged 3 years and below, especially those living in urban areas and first infected with CV-A16 are more prone to reinfection. Interventions should be imposed on these high-risk populations.

HCC incidence in patients treated with DAA for chronic hepatitis C compared to PEG-interferon/ribavirin treated patients: HORRID study.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 219-219
Author(s):  
Alexander Rheinhard Siebenhuener
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Significant Difference

219 Background: Direct antiviral agents (DAA) have revolutionized the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and have quickly become the standard of care. Despite this effective treatment CHC patients are known to have an increased risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of HCC is about 3-5% in this population and regular surveillance is highly recommended. To date the correlation between eradication of viral hepatitis and the risk of HCC development in CHC patients is not well understood. Surprisingly several studies show a frequent incidence of HCC after DAA treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate treatment of CHC with DAA or PEG-INF/RBV and patients' outcome into context of HCC development and success of CHC treatment. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 300 patients that received treatment with PEG-IFN and RBV and 346 patients that received DAA treatment for CHC in our institution. HCC viral load, genotype, treatment type, duration and outcome, fibrosis grade, age, gender, BMI as well as AFP and serum albumin were recorded. A Cox-proportional hazard model was fit to compare survival in patients treated with PEG-IFN and patients that received DAA regarding HCC, need for liver transplantation and death. Results: While death and need for liver transplantation was not different in both groups, there was a significant difference in the incidence of HCC. Patients that received DAA developed HCC post-treatment significantly earlier than PEG-IFN/RBV treated patients. In a Cox-proportional hazard model, DAA treatment remained a significant predictor for occurrence of HCC after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions: Our data demonstrates a significantly increased incidence of HCC in patients that were cured from CHC with DAA compared to patients after PEG-IFN/RBV treatment. In contrast to earlier studies using historic data, our study limited confounders by directly comparing HCC differential incidence of HCC after PEG-INF/RBV and DAA treatment within the same institution. Further prospective studies are warranted to precisely determine the HCC risk in patients that receive DAA for CHC.

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