scholarly journals Development opportunities for storing and displaying of spatial data in long-term experiments

2016 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Péter Ragán
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Google Drive ◽  
The Impact

Long-term experiments are required to evaluate the impact of irrigation, nutrient utilization, and year factor as well as to assess the potential consequences of climate change. However, in the long-term experiment, it may be necessary to display spatial data for each parcel, either for investigation of soil heterogeneity or presentation. This article aims to provide help for researchers working in long-term experiments for storing and displaying spatial data. After the outlines of each experimental site were measured with GPS, a spatial database has been created in Quantum GIS. Then, a filter script in R statistical environment using RStudio graphical interface was written. The script helps avoid the QGIS data input interface so that large data can be attached to each parcel directly and as a result there is no need for a separate data entry, only the basic statistical database. The created GIS database can be used in many ways; it can be exported to KML file format that can be displayed using Google Earth. It is possible to view exported KML files in Google Drive with importing them to Google My Maps application, and with that a browser can display the map. With the Google Drive the maps can be shared within the research group, additionally the outlines can be edited and it is possible to upload the measurement data to the attributes table to existing empty table columns. The map created in Quantum GIS can be used for presentation purposes.

scholarly journals A Statistical Modeling Methodology for Long-Term Wind Generation and Power Ramp Simulations in New Generation Locations

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Ekström ◽  
Matti Koivisto ◽  
Ilkka Mellin ◽  
Robert Millar ◽  
Matti Lehtonen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Wind Generation ◽  
The Impact

In future power systems, a large share of the energy will be generated with wind power plants (WPPs) and other renewable energy sources. With the increasing wind power penetration, the variability of the net generation in the system increases. Consequently, it is imperative to be able to assess and model the behavior of the WPP generation in detail. This paper presents an improved methodology for the detailed statistical modeling of wind power generation from multiple new WPPs without measurement data. A vector autoregressive based methodology, which can be applied to long-term Monte Carlo simulations of existing and new WPPs, is proposed. The proposed model improves the performance of the existing methodology and can more accurately analyze the temporal correlation structure of aggregated wind generation at the system level. This enables the model to assess the impact of new WPPs on the wind power ramp rates in a power system. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology, it is verified against hourly wind speed measurements from six locations in Finland and the aggregated wind power generation from Finland in 2015. Furthermore, a case study analyzing the impact of the geographical distribution of WPPs on wind power ramps is included.

Evaluating Gas Turbine Performance Using Machine-Generated Data: Quantifying Degradation and Impacts of Compressor Washing

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyioghosa Igie ◽  
Pablo Diez-Gonzalez ◽  
Antoine Giraud ◽  
Orlando Minervino
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Compressor Inlet ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
The Impact

Gas turbine (GT) operators are often met with the challenge of utilizing and making meaning of the vast measurement data collected from machine sensors during operation. This can easily be about 576 × 106 data points of gas path measurements for one machine in a base load operation in a year, if the width of the data is 20 columns of measured and calculated parameters. This study focuses on the utilization of large data in the context of quantifying the degradation that is mostly related to compressor fouling, in addition to investigations on the impact of offline and online compressor washing. To achieve this, four GT engines operating for about 3.5 years with 51 offline washes and 1184 occasions of online washes were examined. This investigation includes different wash frequencies, liquid concentrations, and one engine operation without online washing (only offline). This study has involved correcting measurement data not only just with compressor inlet temperatures (CITs) and pressures but also with relative humidity (RH). turbomatch, an in-house GT performance simulation software has been implemented to obtain nondimensional factors for the corrections. All of the data visualization and analysis have been conducted using tableau analytics software, which facilitates the investigation of global and local events within an operation. The concept of using of handles and filters is proposed in this study, and it demonstrates the level of insight to the data and forms the basis of the outcomes obtained. This work shows that during operation, the engine performance is mostly deteriorating, though to varying degrees. Online washing also showed an influence on this, reducing the average degradation rate each hour by half, when compared to the engine operating only with offline washing. Hourly marginal improvements were also observed with an increased average wash frequency of nine hours and a similar outcome obtained when the washing solution is 2.3 times more concentrated. Clear benefits of offline washes are also presented, alongside the typically obtainable values of increased power output after a wash, also in relation to the number of operating hours before a wash.

scholarly journals Long-term experiments on chernozem soil in the University of Debrecen

2018 ◽  
pp. 357-369
Author(s):  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
The Impact

The impact of agrotechnical management practices (nutrient and water supply, crop rotation, crop protection, genotype) on the yields of winter wheat and maize and on the soil water and nutrient cycles was studied in long-term experiments set up in 1983 in Eastern Hungary on chernozem soil. The long-term experiments have shown that nitrogen fertilizer rates exceeding the N-optimum of winter wheat resulted in the accumulation of NO3-N in the soil. Winter wheat varieties can be classified into four groups based on their natural nutrient utilization and their fertilizer response. The fertilizer responses of wheat varieties depended on crop year (6.5–8.9 t ha-1 maximum yields in 2011–2015 years) and the genotypes (in 2012 the difference was ~3 t ha-1 among varieties). The optimum N(+PK) doses varied between 30–150 kg ha-1 in different crop years. In maize production fertilization, irrigation and crop rotation have decision role on the yields. The efficiency of fertilization modified by cropyear (in dry 891–1315 kg ha-1, in average 1927–4042 kg ha-1, in rainy cropyear 2051–4473 kg ha-1 yield surpluses of maize, respectively) and crop rotation (in monoculture 1315–4473 kg ha-1, in biculture 924–2727 kg ha-1 and triculture 891–2291 kg ha-1 yield surpluses of maize, respectively). The optimum fertilization could improve the water use efficiency in maize production. Our long-term experiments gave important ecological and agronomic information to guide regional development of sustainable cropping systems.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN PIRANTI LUNAK RESPONSIVE UNTUK MONITORING RUANGAN SERVER MENGUNAKAN NODEMCU ESP8266 BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
M. Safii ◽  
Novi Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The Impact

The role of the server is very important as a data service provider and control for an office that has a very large data usage and control system. This can also affect the temperature in the server room which has computer devices and other control systems because of its continuous use. The impact of temperature that is outside of its tolerance value due to the dead air conditioner without being noticed by the officer or server operator can result in damage to the hardware devices in the server room. Monitoring and measuring server room temperature is not possible to be done directly and accurately in all conditions due to several inhibiting factors in obtaining temperature information. With these problems, a temperature monitoring prototype was built using node MCU ESP 2866 and DHT 21 sensor with responsive web-based software so that it can be easily seen on various PC and smartphone monitors. This software can be used in server rooms to provide room temperature information to operators or server officers. The long-term objective of this research is expected to provide information Real-time temperature conditions in a responsive web-based server room.

Squall Detection and Analysis From Historical Satellite Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Renac ◽  
D. P. Hurdle ◽  
F. J. M. Enet ◽  
J. De Vroom
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Extreme Value Analysis ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Design Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Measurement

Abstract Thunderstorms and squalls (fronts of contiguous thunderstorms) are associated with short but intense local winds that have a great impact on operability or design conditions for moored ship operations in the coastal zone. The brevity and local scale of such events makes them difficult to capture using standard measurement data and usually requires dedicated long-term measurement campaigns. Because the standard measurements available are usually based on 10-minute averages taken once an hour, such data is often not available. In the absence of conventional measured data, the use of satellite data can provide useful design data if analyzed and applied with caution. We present two case studies (West Africa and Brazil) where squalls have been identified in satellite data and used for extreme value analysis (EVA) to support the design of intermediate water depth mooring systems. The detection of squalls is confirmed with satellite imagery and the handling of this data for the EVA is presented in detail with assumptions made and the sensitivity of the results to these assumptions. The impact on design values is also discussed for both geographic locations.

scholarly journals Effect of Satellite Temporal Resolution on Long-Term Suspended Particulate Matter in Inland Lakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Cao ◽  
Ronghua Ma ◽  
Hongtao Duan ◽  
Kun Xue ◽  
Ming Shen
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Inland Lakes ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
The Impact

The temporal resolution of satellite determines how well remote sensing products represent changes in the lake environments and influences the practical applications by end-users. Here, a resampling method was used to reproduce the suspended particulate matter (SPM) dataset in 43 large lakes (>50 km2) on the eastern China plain during 2003–2017 at different temporal resolutions using MODIS Aqua (MODISA) based on Google Earth Engine platform, then to address the impact of temporal resolution on the long-term SPM dataset. Differences between the MODISA-derived and reproduced SPM dataset at longer temporal resolution were higher in the areas with large water dynamics. The spatial and temporal distributions of the differences were driven by unfavorable observation environments during satellite overpasses such as high cloud cover, and rapid changes in water quality, such as water inundation, algae blooms, and macrophytes. Furthermore, the annual mean difference in SPM ranged from 5–10% when the temporal difference was less than 10 d, and the differences in summer and autumn were higher than that of other seasons and surpassed 20% when the temporal resolution was more than 16 d. To assure that difference were less than 10% for long-term satellite-derived SPM datasets, the minimal requirement of temporal resolution should be within 5 d for most of the inland lakes and 3 d for lakes with large changes in water quality. This research can be used to not only evaluate the reliability of historically remote sensing products but also provide a reference for planning field campaigns and applying of high spatial resolution satellite missions to monitor aquatic systems in the future.

Clinical outcomes in 1731 patients undergoing mitral valve surgery for rheumatic valve disease

Heart ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Kee Kim ◽  
Ho Jin Kim ◽  
Joon Bum Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Jung ◽  
Suk Jung Choo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveUnlike degenerative mitral valve (MV) disease, the advantages of valve repair procedure over replacement have been debated in rheumatic MV disease. This study aims to evaluate the impact of procedural types on long-term outcomes through analyses on a large data set from an endemic area of rheumatic disease.MethodsWe evaluated 1731 consecutive patients (52.3±12.5 years; 1190 women) undergoing MV surgery for rheumatic MV disease between 1997 and 2015. Long-term survival and valve-related outcomes were compared between repair and replacement procedures. To adjust for selection bias, propensity score analyses were performed.ResultsPatients undergoing repair were younger and had more predominant mitral regurgitation than mechanical and bioprosthetic replacement groups (61.6% vs 15.6% vs 24.4%; P<0.001). During follow-up (130.9±27.7 months), 283 patients (16.3%) died and 256 patients (14.8%) experienced valve-related complications. Propensity score matching yielded 188 pairs of repair and replacement patients that were well balanced for baseline covariates. In the matched cohort, there was no significant difference in the mortality risk between the repair and replacement groups (HR, 1.24; 95% CI 0.62 to 2.48). The risk of composite valve-related complications, however, was significantly lower in repair group (HR, 0.57; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.99) principally derived by a lower risk of haemorrhagic events (HR, 0.23; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.70). The incidence of reoperation was not significantly different between groups in the matched cohort (HR, 1.62; 95% CI 0.49 to 5.28).ConclusionValve repair in well-selected patients with severe rheumatic MV disease led to comparable survival, but superior valve-related outcomes compared with valve replacement surgery.

scholarly journals Using spatial data on habitat suitability in estimation of wild boar resources in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Economov ◽  
Vyacheslav Kolesnikov ◽  
Victor Mashkin ◽  
Andrey Lissovsky
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Environmental Capacity ◽  
Russian Territory ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Russian Scientific Research Institute ◽  
The Impact

Wild boar is one of the most important hunting husbandry resources in Eurasian boreal and temperate forests. In Russia, these animals inhabit a large part of the territory; however, official bodies do not allow public access to relevant and unbiased regional statistics. In parallel with official figures, such statistics have been kept for decades by VNIIOZ (All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Hunting and Animal Breeding): the resource is estimated using the indirect method of recalculating multiple scores from independent respondents. We compared VNIIOZ long-term datasets with the wild boar habitat suitability distribution in the Russian territory to assess the reliability of these figures and to carry out a pilot evaluation of the need for their adjustment. Our results show a good correlation between the abundance assessment by VNIIOZ and habitat suitability (about 0.7); we also identified several regions where wild boar abundance indicators are sharply dissonant with the existing environmental capacity. We discussed the impact of man-made and natural factors on the population growth rate of wild boar in Russia.

Landslide frequency in the Kivu Rift: impact of landscape evolution and deforestation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Depicker ◽  
Gerard Govers ◽  
Liesbet Jacobs ◽  
Benjamin Campforts ◽  
Judith Uwihirwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Tectonic Uplift ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
East African ◽  
African Rift ◽  
River Profiles ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;Both landscape rejuvenation through tectonic uplift and human-induced deforestation are known to increase landslide (LS) activity. Yet, the interaction between deforestation and landscape evolution has hitherto not been explicitly considered. Here, we investigate how shallow LS frequency is impacted by deforestation and landscape rejuvenation through knickpoint retreat in the Kivu Rift (East African Rift) while accounting for rock strength and slope steepness. In the past 12 Ma, the Kivu Rift has been characterized by tectonic uplift which gave rise to knickpoints in the river profiles enforcing topographic steepening. On a much shorter timescale, the rapidly growing population in the Rift has gradually expanded its cultivated and urban land leading to widespread deforestation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We compiled an inventory of almost 8000 shallow LSs using Google Earth imagery. To quantify LS frequency, we developed a new method that accounts for the temporal and spatial inconsistency of satellite imagery coverage. To characterize long-term landscape evolution, we identified (i) 672 non-stationary knickpoints in the Rift and (ii) quantified the impact of lithology on slope threshold angles (TA). We identified two homogenous lithological groups: one group of younger/weaker lithologies (&lt;540 Ma, TA=19.0 +/- 2.0&amp;#176;) and one group of older/stronger ones (&gt;540 Ma, TA=27.9 +/- 0.3&amp;#176;). Further analysis focused on the latter group since it covers 85% of the study area and contained more than 95% of the observed LSs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The overall shallow LS frequency in the rejuvenated landscapes inside the rift is 0.039 LS/km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/yr versus 0.010 LS/km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/yr in the relict landscapes outside the rift. Generally, LS frequency on recently deforested slopes increased by 200 to 800% in comparison to forested land. There is no notable difference in LS frequency on equally steep non-forested slopes (i.e. slopes deforested at least several decades ago) inside and outside of the rift. However, forest slopes of similar steepness are 2-3 times more sensitive to landsliding within the rift. We propose two mechanisms that might explain the higher frequency of landsliding on similar topographies within the rift: (i) the active undercutting by rivers may lead to slope destabilization without significantly increasing the average slope gradient as extracted from the SRTM DEM and (ii) tectonic uplift may induce rock and regolith fracturing, leading to weaker, more LS-prone slopes. The fact that we did not observe differences in LS frequency on hillslopes that were deforested long ago suggests that on such slopes a new equilibrium is established whereby these aforementioned mechanisms are no longer important.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, one of the key factors why the rejuvenated landscape inside the rift is more sensitive to landsliding is the higher prevalence of threshold slopes due to active incision. However, the impact of rejuvenation cannot be understood by considering only its effects on overall topography. Deforestation dramatically increases LS frequency in both relict and rejuvenated landscapes, in the first decades after forest cover removal.&lt;/p&gt;

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