Pre-Hispanic Ophthalmology

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
José Dalma-Weiszhausz
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
The Universe

The pre-Hispanic cultures of Mesoamerica had a complex set of beliefs, philosophy and comprehensive medical knowledge. Their concept of the nature of disease included their place in nature, the universe, and their relationship with their gods and astrology. Unfortunately, most of that information was lost but what remains highlights a native herbal pharmacopeia and surgical abilities on par with their European counterparts from that time. Some of these remedies are still widely used as folk medicine in the region. prehispánico, precolombino, Mesoamérica, oftalmología, historia, remedios herbolarios, cirugía, códice, de la Cruz-Badiano; Florentino; de Sahagún Bernardino.

Von „Chrut und Uchrut“ zu „Darm mit Charme“. Populäre medizinische Ratgeber zwischen Vermittlung, Unterhaltung und Erzählung

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Malte Völk
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Narrative Theory ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Narrative Art ◽  
Story Collection ◽  
Definition Of

The article follows the intertwining of Walter Benjamin’s narrative theory with a Swiss herbal book from 1911 (Johann Künzle: “Chrut und Uchrut”). The resulting findings on the connection between ancient “folk medicine” and narrative art are associated with the enormous popularity of this book, which continues to this day. Benjamin’s definition of a storyteller who takes what he tells from experience is used as a heuristic category to comparatively examine the contemporary book from Giulia Enders: “Gut: The Inside Story of Our Body’s Most Underrated Organ” (German 2014, English 2016). What both books have in common, apart from their extraordinary popularity, is that they elude clear genre definitions. They are both hybrids of medical guide, nutritional guide and entertaining story collection. To answer the question of how medical knowledge is conveyed, the narrative characteristics of the books are analysed and compared. A persistence of patterns of knowledge transfer in connection with the topos of activating the readers’ own experiences is revealed.

Notes on Uighur Medicine, Especially on the Uighur Siddhasāra Tradition

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zieme
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
History Of ◽  
Translation Methods ◽  
General Translation

There are many primary sources that allow us to reconstruct Old Uighur medicine. This article considers those that demonstrate the following influences: folk medicine, Syriac medicine, Indian and Chinese medicine. The article includes general remarks on the Uighur translations of the Siddhasāra and its role in the history of Uighur medicine: the bilingual version, a list of the preserved parts of the monolingual Uighur version, medicinal plant names, and comments on general translation methods. The Uighur translation deviates considerably from the Sanskrit, but it exploits the medical knowledge it contains in interesting ways. A translation of such a medical compendium like the Siddhasāra was, nor is, an easy task. That we observe equivalents, substitutes and Turkic equivalents in the Uighur version is no wonder. Each of these has to be evaluated carefully. Much scholarly work has already been carried out by H. W. Bailey, R. Emmerick and D. Maue. In particular I would like to mention the contriburion of the first editor Reşid Rahmeti (Arat) [Rachmati] who read the texts first and translated them without knowledge of their real source. At that time he had already surmised that the model for the translation must have been a substantial work.

scholarly journals Medical Ethnobotany in Europe: From Field Ethnography to a More Culturally Sensitive Evidence-Based CAM?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L. Quave ◽  
Manuel Pardo-de-Santayana ◽  
Andrea Pieroni
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medical Ethnobotany ◽  
Managing Risk

European folk medicine has a long and vibrant history, enriched with the various documented uses of local and imported plants and plant products that are often unique to specific cultures or environments. In this paper, we consider the medicoethnobotanical field studies conducted in Europe over the past two decades. We contend that these studies represent an important foundation for understanding local small-scale uses of CAM natural products and allow us to assess the potential for expansion of these into the global market. Moreover, we discuss how field studies of this nature can provide useful information to the allopathic medical community as they seek to reconcile existing and emerging CAM therapies with conventional biomedicine. This is of great importance not only for phytopharmacovigilance and managing risk of herb-drug interactions in mainstream patients that use CAM, but also for educating the medical community about ethnomedical systems and practices so that they can better serve growing migrant populations. Across Europe, the general status of this traditional medical knowledge is at risk due to acculturation trends and the urgency to document and conserve this knowledge is evident in the majority of the studies reviewed.

Cumin, Capsules, and Colonialism

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 170-197
Author(s):  
Shobna Nijhawan
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Allopathic Medicine ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Colonial Modernity ◽  
Medical Traditions ◽  
Medical Disciplines ◽  
Healthy Body

AbstractThe institutionalization of Western allopathic medicine in colonial India had significant implications for the cultural politics of the early twentieth century. The introduction of vaccinations, the establishment of hospitals and dispensaries, scientific discourses on hygiene, bacteriology, and nutrition, the emergence of obstetrics and gynecology as medical disciplines, and the commercialization of medicine—to name but a few aspects of the institutionalization or elements leading thereto—were all topics that also concerned the Hindi literary sphere. This essay investigates how the Hindi literary public tackled the colonial state’s promotion of allopathy and modern sciences while, within the same discourse, it (re)discovered, systemized, and modernized indigenous medical knowledge traditions—most notably Ayurveda but also homespun remedies and folk medicine—for the prevention, treatment, and cure of disease. Prose fiction and prose essays, alongside advertisements in Hindi periodicals, testify to a range of opinions on what constituted a “healthy” blend of diverse “Eastern” and diverse “Western” medical traditions. This essay argues that the Hindi discourse on medicine and colonial modernity was steered by gendered nationalist politics, modern Western sciences, and commercial interests in maintaining a healthy body and working toward a healthy nation.

Structures in the Universe by Exact Methods

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Bolejko ◽  
Andrzej Krasinski ◽  
Charles Hellaby ◽  
Marie-Noelle Celerier
Keyword(s):  
Exact Methods ◽  
The Universe

The Riddle of the Universe at the Close of the Nineteenth Century

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel ◽  
Joseph McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Universe

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

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