scholarly journals Examination of the Effect of the Combined Use of Nd: YAG Laser Irradiation and Mechanical Force Loading on Bone Metabolism Using Cultured Human Osteoblasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Tsuka ◽  
Ryo Kunimatsu ◽  
Hidemi Gunji ◽  
Takaharu Abe ◽  
Cynthia Concepción Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Force Loading ◽  
Centrifugal Loading

Introduction: In recent years, laser irradiation in the near-infrared ray (NIR) area has been reported to promote bone healing. There are also reports that laser irradiation accelerates orthodontic tooth movement. In this study, we investigated the effect of NIR laser irradiation and mechanical stimulation on osteoblasts. Methods: We seeded osteoblast-like cells and laser irradiation was performed 24 hours after cell seeding. In addition, a control group not receiving anything, a group receiving only Nd: YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser irradiation, a group receiving only centrifugal loading, and a group receiving both Nd: YAG laser irradiation and centrifugal force loading were set, and after 24 hours and after 48 hours, cells were collected and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. Results: 24 hours after laser irradiation, the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) was significantly higher in the 2.0 W group than in the control group. In addition, the RANKL/OPG ratio was higher in the 2.0 W group than in the control group. Also, in the group using laser irradiation and centrifugal loading in combination, 24 hours after laser irradiation, ALP and OPG showed significantly higher values than those in the centrifugal load only group. Furthermore, the RANKL/OPG ratio also showed high values. Conclusion: These results suggest that osteoblast-like cells activate genes related to bone metabolism by combining mechanical stimulation and laser irradiation. This helps to elucidate the influence of laser irradiation during tooth movement.

scholarly journals Effects of Diode and Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation on Friction Forces Between Two Types of Ceramic Brackets and Rhodium-Coated Archwires

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e13-e13
Author(s):  
Hannaneh Ghadirian ◽  
Allahyar Geramy ◽  
Mohammad Ali Keshvad ◽  
Soolmaz Heidari ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Ceramic Brackets

Introduction: Ceramic brackets have gained increasing popularity among dental clinicians and orthodontic patients but friction is a major concern when using them. This study sought to assess the effects of diode and Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser irradiation on friction forces between two types of ceramic brackets and rhodium-coated esthetic archwires. Methods: Thirty polycrystalline and 30 poly-sapphire brackets were divided into 6 groups (n=10) as follows: (I) control polycrystalline brackets (no laser irradiation), (II) polycrystalline brackets subjected to diode laser irradiation, (III) polycrystalline brackets subjected to Nd:YAG laser irradiation, (IV) control poly-sapphire brackets (no laser irradiation), (V) poly-sapphire brackets subjected to diode laser irradiation, and (VI) poly-sapphire brackets subjected to Nd:YAG laser irradiation. The bracket slots were laser-irradiated on a custom-made table. Sixty 5-cm pieces of rhodium-coated archwires were used for the friction test in a universal testing machine at a speed of 10 mm/min. Ten brackets from the six groups underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Results: The frictional resistance value of polycrystalline brackets was significantly higher than that of poly-sapphire brackets, irrespective of laser type (P<0.05). Irradiation of diode and Nd:YAG lasers, compared with the control group, had no significant effect on friction, irrespective of bracket type (P>0.05). Conclusion: It appears that diode and Nd:YAG laser irradiation cannot significantly decrease the friction. Future studies are warranted on different laser types with variable exposure.

Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser Assisted Ink-Jet Printing for Fine Ag Wiring

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000067-000070
Author(s):  
Akito Endo ◽  
Hiroki Tsuda ◽  
Jun Akedo
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing

High throughput fine electrical wiring on the non flat surface is desired for the integration between LSI chips and micro electric components such as MEMS chips, micro actuator devices and micro optical devise in the wide frequency range. Ink-jet printing method is one of the good candidates as a direct writing method on the non flat substrate. However, by conventional ink-jet printing, it is very difficult to realize the fine wiring pattern less than 30μm in these practical conditions. We develop a newly ink-jet printing system assisted by YAG laser to reduce the pattern width and to increase the large transmittance current at high frequency range. At first, we investigated heating effect of a substrate by normal heater for a patterned dot size at the Ag ink droplet diameter of 45μm. As results, a dot diameter decreased from 178μm to 74μm according to increase the substrate temperature from 22 C° to 100 C° . Next the Si substrate was heated by the YAG laser irradiation with consideration of the above experimental results. The Ag wiring was drawn on the Si substrate using a 35μm diameter droplet by an ink-jet system. Therefore the line width was decreased with about 200μm to about 40μm and at the scanning speed 3 mm/s. The wiring width was determined by the balance between the heat supplements by laser irradiation and the volume of ink droplet. In this presentation, electrical properties of ink-jet patterned Ag line with laser irradiation will be reported.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Changes of Contaminated Titanium Discs Treated With Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) Laser Irradiation or Air-Flow Abrasion: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e67-e67
Author(s):  
Reza Amid ◽  
Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh ◽  
Seyed Massoud Mojahedi ◽  
Maedeh Gilvari Sarshari ◽  
Zeinab Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Peri-implantitis is a common complication of dental implant treatment. A cause-and-effect relationship has been previously documented between microbial plaque and peri-implantitis and implant failure. A difference has been reported in the disinfection efficacy of erbium laser irradiation and air-flow abrasion for contaminated titanium surfaces. Also, the surface changes caused by lasers and air-flow abrasion have not been well studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the surface changes of contaminated titanium discs following decontamination by erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation and air-flow abrasion. Methods: Twenty-eight intact, sandblasted, and acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs were used. Twenty-four titanium discs were contaminated with Escherichia coli. Then, they were decontaminated by using Er:YAG laser irradiation and air-flow abrasion. Four discs remained intact. The mean and standard deviation of the contact angle and the weight percentage of aluminum, titanium, oxygen, carbon, phosphorus, and calcium were measured. Qualitative changes in surface topography of titanium discs were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The mean weight percentage of carbon in the air-flow abrasion group (4.98%) experienced a significant reduction compared with the contaminated (positive control) group (P=0.035). The contact angles were 46.54° and 38.67° in the laser and air-flow abrasion groups respectively, which were significantly lower than the value in the positive control group (75.15°) (P ≤0.001). SEM micrographs showed no significant change in the surface area in either technique. Conclusion: Air-flow abrasion was more successful in improving the surface characteristics of titanium discs with no alteration in surface topography or elements, compared with Er:YAG laser irradiation. Further studies regarding the safety of the Er:YAG laser for the decontamination of titanium surfaces are recommended.

scholarly journals Clinical Study of Pingyangmycin Combined with Nd:YAG Laser to Treat Venous Malformations in the Oral and Maxillofacial Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Venous Malformations ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: To explore the efficacy of pingyangmycin (PYM) combined with Neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser to treat venous malformations in the oral and maxillofacial region. Methods: Eighty-six patients were randomly divided into two groups. Forty-two patients were allocated to the experimental group and were injected with PYM at the lesion site, followed by Nd:YAG laser irradiation two days later. Forty-four patients were allocated to the control group and received only Nd:YAG laser irradiation (15-30W of power). All patients came back for a follow-up examination one month later. Results: Twenty-eight patients in the experimental group (66.67%) and 16 patients in the control group (36.31%) had no lesions after one treatment. Additionally, 10 patients in the experimental group (23.81%) and nine patients in the control group (20.45%) showed significant improvement at one month post-treatment. Compared to the control group, the experimental group demonstrated superior outcomes and shorter treatment durations. The between-group difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: PYM combined with Nd:YAG laser is an effective treatment of venous malformations in the oral and maxillofacial region, potentially shortening treatment durations.

Effect of high-frequency near-infrared diode laser irradiation on periodontal tissues during experimental tooth movement in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemi Gunji ◽  
Ryo Kunimatsu ◽  
Yuji Tsuka ◽  
Yuki Yoshimi ◽  
Keisuke Sumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Experimental Tooth Movement

scholarly journals Short-term results of the combined application of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser in the treatment of periodontal disease: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Laky ◽  
Maximilian Müller ◽  
Brenda Laky ◽  
Muazzez Arslan ◽  
Christian Wehner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Yttrium Aluminum ◽  
Laser Group

Abstract Objectives Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers have been previously used as an adjunct in periodontal therapy. The aim of this single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a combined application of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation in periodontal treatment. Materials and methods Twenty-two patients with at least one site of ≥ 6 mm periodontal probing depth (PPD) after mechanical debridement with curettes and sonic instruments at periodontal reevaluation were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio to either a combined Nd:YAG/Er:YAG laser therapy (test group) or a “turned off” laser therapy (control group). The Nd:YAG laser was used for periodontal pocket deepithelialization and to stabilize the resulting blood clot. The Er:YAG laser was primarily used for root surface modification. PPD (mm), clinical attachment level (CAL, mm), and bleeding on probing (BOP, +/−) at the site of laser treatment were evaluated at baseline and 2 months after treatment. Results The mean improvements from baseline to 2-month follow-up for PPD were significantly better in the laser group (2.05 ± 0.82 mm) compared to the control group (0.64 ± 0.90 mm; p = 0.001). Likewise, the gain in CAL was significantly better in the laser group (1.50 ± 1.10 mm) than in the control group (0.55 ± 1.01mm; p = 0.046). Conclusions The combined application of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation as an adjunct to conventional non-surgical therapy showed a significant beneficial effect on periodontal treatment results. Clinical relevance Combined Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation could be a useful procedure additionally to conventional non-surgical periodontal therapy to improve periodontal treatment results. Clinical trial registration ISRCTN registry #ISRCTN32132076

scholarly journals Selective Removal of Necrotic Dentin in Primary Teeth Using Laser Irradiation: One-Year Clinical Evaluation of Composite Restorations

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Aparecida Fernandes Polizeli ◽  
Fabiana Almeida Curylofo-Zotti ◽  
Rodrigo Alexandre Valério ◽  
Mariana Alencar Nemezio ◽  
Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
United States Public Health ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the child’s salivary cortisol levels, clinical performance and marginal adaptation of restorations after selective removal of necrotic dentin in primary teeth using Er: YAG laser irradiation. Methods: A double-blind clinical study was performed in children at 7-10 years. Children who had at least 2 teeth with carious lesions involving the occlusal and proximal surfaces of primary molars counterparts were selected. Removal of necrotic dentin was performed by 2 methods: Er: YAG laser irradiation and bur-preparation. Cortisol levels (n =24) was evaluated by ELISA. Clinical analysis (n =20) was performed after the restorations polish, 6 and 12 months after restorative procedure using United States Public Health Service (USPHS) method and photographs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyz the marginal gap formation (n =20). The analysis of the data was performed by 95% confidence interval, Shapiro-Wilk test, Friedman and Wilcoxon post hoc tests (α =5%). Results: Cortisol levels were higher during selective removal of necrotic dentin, regardless of the method used (P>0.05). After 12 months, there was no evidence of the difference in the restorations performed on cavities prepared by both methods. SEM analysis revealed that the laser-irradiated teeth showed 10% of gaps in the full extent of restoration. For bur-prepared teeth, 20% of gaps were found at the cavosurface margin. Conclusion: The salivary cortisol levels on children that received Er: YAG laser irradiation for removal the necrotic dentin was similar to the control group. Class II restorations evaluated after 1 year period did not suffer interference by the use of Er: YAG laser irradiation.

scholarly journals Effects of Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd:YAG) Laser Irradiation on Bone Metabolism During Tooth Movement

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Tsuka ◽  
Tadashi Fujita ◽  
Maya Shirakura ◽  
Ryo Kunimatsu ◽  
Shao-Ching Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Yttrium Aluminium Garnet ◽  
Yttrium Aluminium

Evaluation of Primary Tooth Enamel Surface Morphology and Microhardness after Nd: YAG Laser Irradiation and APF Gel Treatment—An in vitro study

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Reddy Banda ◽  
Vanaja Reddy G ◽  
N Shashikiran
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Fluoride Treatment

Objective: Laser irradiation and fluoride has been used as a preventive tool to combat dental caries in permanent teeth, but little has been done for primary teeth which are more prone to caries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate microhardness alterations in the primary tooth enamel after Nd-YAG laser irradiation alone and combined with topical fluoride treatment either before or after Nd-YAG laser irradiation.Method: Ten primary molars were sectioned and assigned randomly to: control group, Nd-YAG laser irradiation,Nd-YAG lasing before APF and APF followed by Nd-YAG lasing. The groups were evaluated for microhardness. Surface morphological changes were observed using SEM. Results: Statistical comparisons were performed. The control group's SEM showed a relatively smooth enamel surface and lasing group had fine cracks and porosities. In the lasing + fluoride group a homogenous confluent surface was seen. In the fluoride + lasing group an irregular contour with marked crack propagation was noted. There was a significant increase in the microhardness of the treatment groups. Conclusion: Nd-YAG laser irradiation and combined APF treatment of the primary tooth enamel gave morphologically hardened enamel surface which can be a protective barrier against a cariogenic attack

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