scholarly journals Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy for Orthodontic Pain Control Following the Placement of Elastomeric Separators: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e8-e8
Author(s):  
AmirHossein Mirhashemi ◽  
Seyedreza Rasouli ◽  
Shiva Shahi ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Photobiomodulation Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Controlling pain in orthodontic patients has gained special attention. This study assessed the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for pain control following the placement of elastomeric separators. Methods: This split-mouth single-blind randomized clinical trial evaluated 30 orthodontic patients who required posterior elastomeric separators. The two maxillary quadrants were randomized into the laser and control groups. In the laser quadrant, an 808 nm diode laser (400 mW, 15.60 J/cm2 , 11 seconds, continuous-wave, contact mode) was irradiated to the cervical third of the maxillary first molar roots 24 hours prior to the placement of separators. The control quadrant received placebo radiation by a light-curing unit. The patients received the second laser cycle right before the placement of separators 24 hours later. The level of self-perceived pain was recorded at 0, 2, 6, 24, and 72 hours and 5 days after the intervention in the laser and control quadrants using a visual analog scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired-samples t test. Results: The trend of change in the pain score was similar in both groups. The pain score was significantly lower in the laser group than the control group at all-time points (P<0.05) except at time 0. The pain score increased in the first 6 hours and reached its maximum level in 24 hours in both groups. Conclusion: PBMT by an 808 nm diode laser can effectively decrease pain following the placement of elastomeric separators.

scholarly journals Convalescent Plasma for COVID-19: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Avendano-Sola ◽  
Antonio Ramos-Martinez ◽  
Elena Munez-Rubio ◽  
Belen Ruiz-Antoran ◽  
Rosa Malo de Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Of Care Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
To Receive

Background: Passive immunotherapy with convalescent plasma (CP) is a potential treatment for COVID-19 for which evidence from controlled clinical trials is lacking. Methods: We conducted a multi-center, randomized clinical trial in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. All patients received standard of care treatment, including off-label use of marketed medicines, and were randomized 1:1 to receive one dose (250-300 mL) of CP from donors with IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients in categories 5, 6 or 7 of the COVID-19 ordinal scale at day 15. Results: The trial was stopped after first interim analysis due to the fall in recruitment related to pandemic control. With 81 patients randomized, there were no patients progressing to mechanical ventilation or death among the 38 patients assigned to receive plasma (0%) versus 6 out of 43 patients (14%) progressing in control arm. Mortality rates were 0% vs 9.3% at days 15 and 29 for the active and control groups, respectively. No significant differences were found in secondary endpoints. At inclusion, patients had a median time of 8 days (IQR, 6-9) of symptoms and 49,4% of them were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Conclusions: Convalescent plasma could be superior to standard of care in avoiding progression to mechanical ventilation or death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The strong dependence of results on a limited number of events in the control group prevents drawing firm conclusions about CP efficacy from this trial. (Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III; NCT04345523).

Effect of prenatal recommendations of Traditional Persian Medicine on obstetric outcomes: a randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Keshavarz ◽  
Maryam Kashanian ◽  
Soodabeh Bioos ◽  
Yasaman Vazani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Traditional Persian Medicine ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) is an ancient medical system that provides suggestions to improve the health of mothers and children during pregnancy and labor. Persian physicians believed that these instructions made labor easier, safer, and less painful. Methods The present randomized clinical trial was conducted among women at 33–38 weeks of pregnancy in Tehran, Iran. TPM instructions consisted of diet, bathing, and application of oil from the 38th week of pregnancy to the onset of labor. The primary outcome was the duration of the active phase of labor. Results The mean duration of the active phase was 331.60 ± 151.48 min for the intervention group and 344.40 ± 271.46 min for the control groups, but it was not statistically significant. The active phase was significantly shorter in women who had better compliance (p=0.03). The need for oxytocin augmentation was 53.3% in the control group and 38.5% in the intervention group (p=0.17). The rate of perineal infection was 13% in the control group and 0% in the intervention group (p=0.11). Conclusions The active phase was not different in the intervention and control groups, but it was shorter in compliant women. It is possible that prolonged use of these recommendations in combination with a sitz baths and a larger sample size could result in more significant outcomes.

Effect of Low-Pressure Drainage Suction on Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Maleki Delarestaghi ◽  
Aslan Ahmadi ◽  
Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽  
Maryam Roomiani ◽  
Mohammad Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pharyngocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drain Group ◽  
And Control

Objective: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is one of the most severe multifactorial complications following laryngectomy. The current study aimed at determining the effect of a low-pressure vacuum drain on the incidence of PCF after total laryngectomy. Methods: The current randomized clinical trial was conducted on 35 patients undergoing total laryngectomy in Hazrat Rasoul Akram and Firoozgar hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The subjects were divided into the vacuum drain (n = 15) and control (without vacuum drain) (n = 20) groups. The incidence of PCF and the recovery time were recorded. Results: The rate of PCF formation from the stoma and wound edges was significantly lower in the low-pressure vacuum drain group than in the control group (6.7% vs 40%) ( P < .05). There was no significant difference between the groups in time to recovery from PCF. Conclusion: The low-pressure vacuum drain method is effective in reducing the incidence of PCF after total laryngectomy.

Oral Metronidazole and Cefixime as Prophylaxis on Wound Complications of Uncomplicated Appendicitis Following Appendectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosro Ayazi ◽  
Arash Mohammadi Tofigh ◽  
Shohra Qaderi ◽  
Farzad Esmaeili Tarki ◽  
Majid Samsami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Open Appendectomy ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
And Control

Abstract Backgrounds Without proper use of prophylactic antibiotics, the chance of infection at the site of surgery after appendectomy is around 10 to 30%. Although, in the case of nonperforated appendicitis, the therapeutic use of antibiotic prophylaxis is still contentious. Cephalosporins and Metronidazole has been shown to be effective against anaerobe micro-organisms, and its bioavailability after oral and parenteral administration is comparable. The aim of this research is to compare the incidence of infection-related complications following open appendectomy for nonperforated appendicitis in patients who were given prophylactic antibiotics (Metronidazole and Cephalosporins) either intravenously or orally. Materials & Methods In this randomized clinical trial, the open appendectomy was performed on 200 non-perforated appendicitis cases; 87 females and 113 males, with a mean age of 26 years. Of all the enrolled, 100 cases were given single-dose metronidazole and Cefixime orally (study group), and 100 cases were given single-dose intravenous metronidazole and Ceftriaxone (control group). Results The wound infection incidence did not vary substantially between the two groups. (5% and 7% in the control and case group, respectively, P = 0.552). In addition, the length of hospitalization was also similar between both groups (2.4 and 2.6 days in the in the case and control group, respectively, P = 168). Conclusion All in all, it has been concluded that a single-dose metronidazole and Cefixime taken orally before surgery could bestow impactful prophylactic effects for nonperforated appendicitis cases. Therefore, it could be used instead of the parenteral antibiotics (Intravenous Metronidazole and Ceftriaxone).

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Alzheimer’s Stimulation (Mbas) in the Progression of Cognitive Impairment: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Domingo Jesús Quintana Hernández ◽  
María del Pino Quintana Montesdeoca
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
And Control

We conducted a randomized, controlled study in order to investigate the feasibility, security as well as the effects of the practice of mindfulness upon the evolution of AD. The efficacy of a Mindfulness-based Cognitive Stimulation program for Alzheimer’s patients was tested in this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, using repeated measures of CAMDEX (CAMCOG y MMSE) every six months during two years. A total of 168 patients, presenting a Probable Alzheimer Disease according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria and treated with donepezil, were randomly assigned to the four following non-pharmacological treatments: standard cognitive stimulation, progressive muscular relaxation, mindfulness-based Alzheimer stimulation and control group, which received no intervention. Each experimental group worked in 90-minute sessions, three times per week during two years (a total of 96 weeks). Results indicated that the Mindfulness-based Alzheimer Stimulation group did not show as much a significant decline of cognitive function as the other groups did. Therefore, it seems that mindfulness practice, as implemented in this program, can have a preventive role against the progression of cognitive impairment in AD. These results support the use of mindfulness as a non-pharmacological treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of Foot Reflexology on Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Tibia Plating Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Imani ◽  
◽  
Ebrahim Nasiri ◽  
Houshang Akbari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Safdari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control

Objective: One of the major problems of patients after orthopedic surgeries is acute pain. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology massage on postoperative pain in patients undergoing plating surgery for tibia fracture. Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 96 patients who were candidates for tibia plating surgery referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Bojnourd, Iran, randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Foot reflexology massage in the intervention group was performed on patients’ healthy feet for 10 minutes, one hour before surgery. In the control group, the foot sole was touched for one minute without any pressure. Pain intensity was measured using the standard Visual Analog Scale before and immediately after the intervention and 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U and Friedman tests. Results: The baseline pain scores in the intervention and control groups were reported 8.1±0.9 and 8.4±0.9, respectively. After the intervention, the pain score in these groups was reduced to 6.9±1.1 and 8.1±1.0, respectively (P<0.001). At other times, up to 24 hours after surgery, the pain reduction was higher in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Foot reflexology massage reduces postoperative pain of patients undergoing tibia plating surgery. Therefore, this method can be used to reduce pain and anxiety in orthopedic surgery patients.

scholarly journals Effect of lavender aromatherapy on well-being among hemodialysis patients: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Bagheri Nesami ◽  
Seyed Afshin Shorofi ◽  
Attieh Nikkhah ◽  
Hossein Roohi Moghaddam ◽  
Ali Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

  In spite of the improvement of dialysis techniques, hemodialysis patients still experience debilitation. Impaired functioning, well-being, and quality of life are among the factors that are of a great concern in these patients. The current study aimed to examine the effects of lavender essential oil on well-being among hemodialysis patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 hemodialysis patients. For each patient in the experimental group, five cotton balls were prepared using two drops of lavender essence diluted with sweet almond oil. Lavender was used at five concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, administered through pinning the soaked cotton ball on the patients' collar on the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth weeks of the intervention, respectively. The patients were asked to breathe normally for 20 min. On the other hand, the control group received only routine nursing care. The perceived sense of well-being was measured in both groups at the end of each week using a visual analog scale. The mean ages of patients were obtained as 58.9 ± 14.31 and 53.03 ± 15.84 years for the experimental and control groups, respectively. Hypertension was reported to be the most common underlying disease in both groups. The results showed a significant difference in the mean level of well-being in the experimental group in the fourth and fifth weeks of the intervention, compared to that before the intervention. Inhalation aromatherapy with 40% and 50% lavender essence had a positive effect on the perceived sense of well-being in hemodialysis patients. However, lower concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% did not exert a comparable effect.

scholarly journals Effect of Abdominal Massage with and without Salvia officinalis on Nausea and Vomiting in Patients with Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Farshid Rafiee Sarbijan Nasab ◽  
Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki ◽  
Mahlagha Dehghan ◽  
Haleh Tajadini ◽  
Hamideh Baniasadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Massage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of abdominal massage with and without Salvia officinalis on nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods. In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients undergoing chemotherapy were placed in one of two intervention groups or in a control group. Abdominal massage with and without Salvia officinalis was performed for 15 minutes twice a day for 3 consecutive days by the patient’s companion. The rate of nausea and vomiting was measured with a Visual Analog Scale. Results. Findings showed that immediately after the intervention, the mean score of nausea in abdominal massage with Salvia officinalis group was lower than that of the control group. The mean score of nausea was not different between abdominal massage and control groups. One week after the intervention, the mean score of nausea was not different among the three groups. In addition, the frequency of vomiting was not different among the three groups. Conclusion. Abdominal massage with/without Salvia officinalis as a complementary medicine has not considerable effect on reducing nausea and vomiting in patient with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. More studies are needed to achieve better and more accurate results.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Acupressure on the Taichong Acupoint in Lowering Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan-Hon Lin ◽  
Wei-Chun Chang ◽  
Kuan-Ju Chen ◽  
Chen-Chen Tsai ◽  
Sung-Yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness of acupressure on the Taichong acupoint in lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients.Methods. Eighty patients with hypertension attending a cardiology outpatient department in central Taiwan were included in this randomized clinical trial. Acupressure was applied to the Taichong acupoint in the experimental group (n=40) and to the first metatarsal (sham acupoint) in the control group (n=40). Blood pressure was measured by electronic monitoring before and immediately 15 min and 30 min after acupressure.Results. The average age of the experimental and control participants was 59.3 ± 9.2 years and 62.7 ± 8.4 years, respectively. The two groups were similar for demographics and antihypertensive drug use. Mean systolic and diastolic BP in the experimental group decreased at 0, 15, and 30 min after acupressure (165.0/96.3, 150.4/92.7, 145.7/90.8, and 142.9/88.6 mmHg); no significant changes occurred in the control group. There was a significant difference in systolic and diastolic BP between the experimental and control groups immediately and 15 and 30 min after acupressure (p<0.05).Conclusion. Acupressure on the Taichong acupoint can lower BP in hypertensive patients and may be included in the nursing care plan for hypertension. However, additional studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage, frequency, and long-term effects of this therapy.

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