scholarly journals Estoque e Capacidade de Retenção Hídrica da Serrapilheira em remanescentes florestais da Mata Atlântica / Stock and Water Retention Capacity of Litter on Forest remnants of the Atlantic Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 5103-5120
Author(s):  
Valdinei Nunes De Oliveira ◽  
Ana Claudia Rocha Braga
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Mata Atlantica

A serrapilheira tem um papel fundamental na manutenção de processos florestais, pois influenciam diretamente o balanço hídrico, sendo muito importantes também na restauração ecológica. Esse estudo avaliou o acumulo de serrapilheira e sua capacidade de retenção hídrica em três remanescentes florestais de Mata Atlântica, sendo eles: S1 – área de preservação permanente de curso d’água em estágio inicial de sucessão; S2 - área de mata secundária; S3 - área urbana em estágio inicial de sucessão. Ambas, S1 e S3 são áreas que foram restauradas em 2008. O maior volume médio de serrapilheira acumulada observado foi no S2 (18,8 Mg. ha-¹). Os resultados estatísticos mostraram haver diferença marginalmente significativa entre S2 e os demais tratamentos (F = 3,808 e p = 0,076). Em relação à retenção hídrica, o tratamento S1 apresentou a maior média (S1 274,8 %), apesar de também não haver diferente significativa entre os tratamentos.

Two new species of Malmidea from north-eastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Eugenia da Silva CÁCERES ◽  
Viviane Monique dos SANTOS ◽  
Drielle Tavares de GÓES ◽  
Danyelle Andrade MOTA ◽  
André APTROOT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
Transitional Area ◽  
Caatinga Vegetation ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Mata Atlantica

AbstractTwo new species, Malmidea pallidoatlantica and Malmidea sulphureosorediata, are described from NE Brazil. The first is close to M. atlantica but differs by the hyaline or pale hypothecium. The second species is a bright golden yellow sorediate crust which is assigned to the genus Malmidea because it contains the same anthraquinone pigment as M. atlantica and M. pallidoatlantica. The three species together could be referred to as the Malmidea atlantica group. Both new species were found in Mata Atlântica fragments. Malmidea sulphureosorediata was found in the Serra da Jibóia, a mountain range with a maximum elevation of 800 m, in a transitional area between the Atlantic forest and Caatinga vegetation in Bahia State. Malmidea pallidoatlantica was found in Mata do Crasto, one of the most important Atlantic forest remnants in Sergipe. It is a well-preserved Mata Atlântica relict of c. 700 hectares, at sea level.

scholarly journals Mata Atlântica: patrimônio natural, cultural e biológico do Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elis Regina Mazzurana
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Mata Atlantica

Resumo: A Mata Atlântica é uma das áreas com maior biodiversidade do planeta,o que faz dela uma das áreas prioritárias em conservação. Este trabalho tem porobjetivo fazer uma análise a respeito da importância natural, cultural e biológicada Mata Atlântica, descrevendo as consequências da destruição da mata aoser humano, bem como, apresentando algumas das medidas que estão sendotomadas para conservação dos remanescentes florestais e recuperação de áreasdegradadas. A devastação da Mata Atlântica é ocasionada principalmente pelaação antrópica, já que grande parte da população brasileira vive nesse território,ocasionando impactos diretos à biodiversidade. Nas últimas décadas, algumasleis foram promulgadas com o objetivo de recuperar as áreas degradadas epreservar os remanescentes florestais. Além disso, há várias ONG’S que atuamem prol da floresta. Entretanto, muito ainda precisa ser feito para que se tenhaum resultado efetivo na recuperação e conservação da mata.Palavras-chave: Mata Atlântica. Biodiversidade. Conservação.Abstract: The Atlantic Forest is one of the areas with the greatest biodiversity onthe planet, making it one of the priority areas for conservation. This paper aimsto make an analysis about the natural importance, cultural and biological of theAtlantic Forest, describing the consequences of the destruction of the forest tohumans as well, featuring some of the measures being taken for conservationof forest remnants and recovery of degraded areas. The devastation of theAtlantic Forest is mainly caused by human action, since much of the Brazilianpopulation lives in this territory, causing direct impacts on biodiversity. In recentdecades, some laws have been enacted in order to recover degraded areas andto preserve the remaining forests. In addition, there are several NGO’s workingin favor of the forest. However, much remains to be done in order to have aneffective result in the recovery and conservation of the forest.Keywords: Atlantic forest. Biodiversity. Conservation.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Functional Properties of Dietary Fibre Concentrates from Winemaking By-Products: Skins, Stems and Lees

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
María Ángeles Rivas ◽  
Rocío Casquete ◽  
María de Guía Córdoba ◽  
Santiago Ruíz-Moyano ◽  
María José Benito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
By Products

The objective of this study was to evaluate, from a technological and nutritional point of view, the chemical composition and functional properties of the industrial winemaking by-products, namely skins, stems and lees. The chemical and physical characteristics, as well as the functional properties (fat and water retention and swelling capacity, antioxidant capacity, and their prebiotic effect), of the dietary fibre of these by-products were studied. The results showed that the skins, stems, and lees are rich in fibre, with the stem fibre containing the highest amounts of non-extractable polyphenols attached to polysaccharides with high antioxidant activity and prebiotic effect. Lee fibre had the highest water retention capacity and oil retention capacity. The results reveal that winemaking by-products could be used as a source of dietary fibre with functional characteristics for food applications.

Host preferences of low-trunk vascular epiphytes in a cloud forest of Veracruz, Mexico

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Mehltreter ◽  
Alejandro Flores-Palacios ◽  
José G. García-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Epiphyte Species

The diversity, abundance and frequency of vascular epiphytes on the lower trunk were compared between two host groups of a Mexican cloud forest: angiosperm trees (n = 72) and tree ferns (n = 28). The bark of the five most frequent host trees and the root mantle of the two tree ferns were analysed for their thickness, water content, water retention capacity and pH. A total of 55 epiphyte species and 910 individuals were found on the 27 host species. On hosts with a dbh range of 5–10 cm, epiphytes were significantly more diverse (4.3±0.9 species per host) and more abundant (12.5±2.2 individuals per host) on tree ferns than on angiosperm trees (1.9±0.2 species per host and 3.9±0.6 individuals per host). However, these differences were not significant for the dbh class of 10–20 cm, because epiphyte numbers increased on angiosperm trees with larger host size, but not in tree ferns. Most epiphyte species had no preference for any host group, but four species were significantly more frequent on tree ferns and two species on angiosperm trees. The higher epiphyte diversity and abundance on tree fern trunks of the smallest dbh class is attributed to their presumably greater age and to two stem characteristics, which differed significantly between host groups, the thicker root mantle and higher water retention capacity of tree ferns. These bark characteristics may favour germination and establishment of epiphytes.

Effect of boiling on nutritional, antioxidant and physicochemical properties of edible plants (Malva parviflora and Myrtillocactus geometrizans)

2021 ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Sandoval-Gallegos Eli Mireya ◽  
Arias-Rico José ◽  
Cruz-Cansino Nelly del Socorro ◽  
Ramírez-Ojeda Deyanira ◽  
Zafra-Rojas Quinatzin Yadira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Malva Parviflora

The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of boiling on nutritional composition, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, physicochemical and morphological characteristics of two edible plants Malva parviflora (mallow leaf) and Myrtillocactus geometrizans (garambullo flower). The plants had an important nutritional composition as carbohydrates (48-70 %), dietary fiber (36-42 %) and protein (13 %), as well as total phenolic compounds (468-750 mg GAE/100 g db) with a high antioxidant capacity. However, boiling originated the decrease of soluble compounds, carbohydrates, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and physicochemical properties. Plants changed to dark colors and physicochemical properties were affected, except to water retention capacity, oil retention capacity and viscosity, which had the same values in mallow leaves (raw and boiled), but increased water retention capacity in garambullo flowers, it may be by changes in the morphology observed. Therefore, is to suggest the raw consumption or with minimal cooking of these plants to avoid changes caused by thermal treatment.

Effect of Storage Time on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Man-tou (Chinese Steamed Bread)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Sha ◽  
Ping Qian ◽  
Li-Jun Wang ◽  
Zhan-hui Lu ◽  
Li-Te Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Steamed Bread

In this study, quality of Man-tou, the Chinese traditional steamed bread during storage was studied. Values for water retention capacity, total water solubles, soluble starch, and soluble amylose and amylopectin of Man-tou decreased with storage time. Results showed that hardness, chewiness and gumminess of Man-tou increased, while, springiness cohesiveness and resilience decreased along with prolonged storage time (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation results showed that all sensory rating of Man-tou, including softness, stickiness, cohesiveness, elasticity, taste and total score, dropped drastically within 24 h of storage time (p<0.05). Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to determine crystalline structure of amylopectin in Man-tou, and the value for enthalpy of crystallization was found increased with storage time. Amylopectin crystallization was significantly associated to Man-tou firming (p<0.01).

scholarly journals Cowpea bean production under water stress using hydrogels

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Barcelos Souza Lopes ◽  
Taynar Coelho de Oliveira Tavares ◽  
Danilo Alves Veloso ◽  
Niléia Cristina da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The population increase and the need of intensifying food production, coupled with the scarcity of water resources, have led to the search of alternatives that reduce consumption and optimize the water use during cultivation. In this context, hydrogels become a strategy in agricultural management, due to their water retention capacity in the soil and availability to plants. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of hydrogels on the development and production of cowpea bean ('Sempre-verde' cultivar) under water stress, in a greenhouse. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design, with five replications, in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of four types of hydrogel (Hydroplan-EB HyA, with granulometry of 1-3 mm; Hydroplan-EB HyB, with granulometry of 0.5-1 mm; Hydroplan-EB HyC, with granulometry < 0.5 mm; Polim-Agri, with granulometry of 1-0.5 mm) and five concentrations (0 g pot-1; 1.5 g pot-1; 3 g pot-1; 4.5 g pot-1; 6 g pot-1). The following traits were evaluated: number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod and grain yield. The highest concentration (6 g pot-1) resulted in a higher number of pods and yield for all the hydrogels, especially for HyC and Polim-Agro, which presented 7.4 pods plant-1 and 7.0 pods plant-1, with yield of 15.43 g plant-1 and 16.68 g plant-1, respectively. The use of hydrogel shows to be efficient for reducing yield losses under water stress.

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