scholarly journals GROWTH OF TREE SPECIES IN PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS AND FORMATION OF FOREST AND RECOVERY COMPLEXES IN CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST STEPPECONDITIONS OF CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST STEPPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Elena Mikhina ◽  
Vyacheslav Mikhin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Russian Forest

Protective forests in the central forest-steppe of the European part of Russia were created at different times with a diverse assortment of plants. Fast-growing tree scpecies in the composition of artificial linear stands are introduced from the moment of their formation. Soil and hydrological conditions are one of the main conditions on which successful growth of tree species depends. The highest biometric growth indicators in middle-aged plantations in height of balsamic poplar are observed on typical chernozem (0,82 m / year), less significant (0,65 m / year) on leached chernozem. The greatest activity in growth is manifested up to the age of 13 - 18 years. The silver birch tree is characterized by a decrease in activity in height growth since the age of 14 - 20 years. The average annual increase to the 30 year period is 0,60 – 0,74 m / year. In the best soil conditions (typical chernozem), growth rates are higher. In forest belts, both fast-growing (poplar, birch) and slow-growing and long-lasting (english oak) tree species have differences in height and diameter growth depending on their placement in the transverse profile. At the age of 33-45 years, a convex profile is formed, where the average height of the central rows is 10,6 – 16,8% more than the marginal ones and the average diameter of the extreme rows exceeds diameter of average rows by 10,1 – 19,9%. In fast-growing tree species, the active reclamation effect of beneficial protective factors is already evident in youth and at the same time, the width of the inter-strip cells on chernozem soils should not exceed 600 - 650 m.

scholarly journals GROWTH OF TREE SPECIES IN PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS AND FORMATION OF FOREST AND RECOVERY COMPLEXES IN CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST STEPPECONDITIONS OF CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST STEPPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Mikhin ◽  
Elena Mikhina
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Russian Forest

Protective forests in the central forest-steppe of the European part of Russia were created at different times with a diverse assortment of plants. Fast-growing tree scpecies in the composition of artificial linear stands are introduced from the moment of their formation. Soil and hydrological conditions are one of the main conditions on which successful growth of tree species depends. The highest biometric growth indicators in middle-aged plantations in height of balsamic poplar are observed on typical chernozem (0,82 m / year), less significant (0,65 m / year) on leached chernozem. The greatest activity in growth is manifested up to the age of 13 - 18 years. The silver birch tree is characterized by a decrease in activity in height growth since the age of 14 - 20 years. The average annual increase to the 30 year period is 0,60 – 0,74 m / year. In the best soil conditions (typical chernozem), growth rates are higher. In forest belts, both fast-growing (poplar, birch) and slow-growing and long-lasting (english oak) tree species have differences in height and diameter growth depending on their placement in the transverse profile. At the age of 33-45 years, a convex profile is formed, where the average height of the central rows is 10,6 – 16,8% more than the marginal ones and the average diameter of the extreme rows exceeds diameter of average rows by 10,1 – 19,9%. In fast-growing tree species, the active reclamation effect of beneficial protective factors is already evident in youth and at the same time, the width of the inter-strip cells on chernozem soils should not exceed 600 - 650 m.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF GROWTH OF PETIOLATE OAK IN ARTIFICIAL LINEAR PLANTINGS OF THE CENTRAL FOREST-STEPPE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Mihina ◽  
Nikolay Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Transverse Profile ◽  
Oak Ash

The formation of artificial linear plantations with the participation of pedunculate oak is predetermined by agrotechnical and silvicultural methods of cultivation. Its share among the used other breeds is about 25%. At the age of 33, with the placement of planting places 5.0 x 3.0 m, the pedunculate oak has a high preservation (by 33.9%) in a three-row plantation, in relation to crops from four rows. The protective height in a narrower artificial linear plantation is 10.2 m, which is 1.24 times higher with a width of 20.0 m. In mixed oak-ash crops at the age of 45 years, the best growth and preservation of pedunculate oak is noted in relation to oak plantations pure in composition. For birch-oak crops, the influence of a fast-growing breed is characteristic. At the age of 54, the safety of pedunculate oak is 23.1%, the wind protection height is 19.1 m. Differences in the growth of species are one class of bonitet. In the central rows of pedunculate oak at the age of 30-49 years, the average height has a greater value and a smaller diameter in relation to the indicators of the edging rows (by 7.5-19.9%). A convex transverse profile of the plantation is formed, which is predetermined by the physiological characteristics of the development of the tree species.

scholarly journals Growth of Rhizophora mucronata in mangrove restoration area at Angke Kapuk Protected Forest, Jakarta

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
CANDRA SYAH ◽  
ANDRY INDRAWAN ◽  
AGUS PRIYONO
Keyword(s):  
Average Diameter ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Mangrove Restoration ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Average Plant

Syah C, Indrawan A, Priyono A. 2012. Growth of Rhizophora mucronata in mangrove restoration area at Angke Kapuk Protected Forest, Jakarta. Bonorowo Wetlands 2: 34-45. The aim of this research was to determine the plant growth rate of Rhizophora mucronata in mangrove restoration area of Angke Kapuk Protected Forest, Jakarta and to know the characteristics of the site and its environment. The research indicated that the average plant height was 60.388 cm to 147.496 cm and the average diameter was 2.435 cm to 6.196 cm. The average height increment of the largest found in the sub-station 1 (2.2307 cm) significantly different from the other seven sub-stations. Average high accretion smallest sub-stations located on seven (0.1853 cm) and sub-station (0.1373cm). The average increment of the largest diameter found in the sub-station 1 (0.0591 cm) and 2 (0.0599) significantly different from the other seven substations. Average height increments are the smallest at sub-station 5 (0334 cm) and sub-station 7 (0.0334 cm), and sub-station 8 (0.0334 cm). The highest Caution exchange capacity (CEC) found in sub-station 2 (31.55 me/100 g) and lowest in sub-station 4 (22.94 me/100 g). CEC on the sub-station 4 is low because the dry soil conditions and tidal irregular.

GROWING OAK ON THE SLOPING LANDS OF THE CENTRAL FOREST-STEPPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
A. I. PETELKO ◽  
◽  
N. E. NOVIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Sloping Lands ◽  
Mountain Ash

The scientific research on growing English oak on eroded soils was carried out in order to prevent erosion processes. The object of the research was a land plot on washed-out gray soils of the network and hydrographic funds. Oak crops are laid by row-well sowing of acorns of 3-5 pieces or more in one planting place. As a result of many years of research, it was revealed that during the growth period, the rootsystem of the oak binds the washed-out slope soils well. The resulting forest litter improves the structureof the soil and increases its moisture capacity to 322% of the dry matter. The forest suitability of soils on eroded slope lands allows you to grow protective plantings from oak culture. At the age of 50, oak stands with the number of trees of 1730 pcs./ha on eroded soils have a reserve of 160 cubic meters/ha with an average height of 12.5 m and an average diameter of 13.6 cm. The average increase per 1 ha is 3.20 cubic meters/ha. Oak stands on the hydrographic network have a class III bonus. The growth of oak is noticeably improved in the presence of an admixture of other hardwoods, especially linden and undergrowth of hazel, mountain ash, birch bark, yellow acacia and other shrubs. Studies have shown that oak crops can be successfully grown on washed-out slope soils which reliably protect the soil from water erosion.

scholarly journals POSTFIRE CONDITION AND RENEWAL OF FOREST PHYTOCENOSES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-327
Author(s):  
V. V. Usenya
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Organic Horizons ◽  
Forest Phytocenoses ◽  
The Republic

Results of long-term stationary research on influence of the pyrogenic factor on the efficiency and the postfire condition of forest phytocenoses of Belarus are presented. It has been found out that the size of the postfire falling off of trees and their radial gain in plantations of the main forest forming breeds are determined by the type and intensity of a fire, the forest and taxation characteristics of forest stands as well as biological features of tree species. Dependence of the size of the postfire falling off by the quantity of trees and a stock in pine, spruce, birch and black alder plantations on their average diameter and average height of deposit on trunks are revealed at the ground fires, depths of burn-out of organic horizons of the soil and damage rate of root systems of trees – at the soil fires. The description of scales for identification of damage rate in plantations of the main forest forming breeds from fires and their fire resistance is given. The reforestation methods in the burnt-out places in various forest vegetation conditions which provide formation of biologically steady and highly productive plantations of economic valuable tree species are presented. There is a card of forest fire division into districts of the territory of Belarus on the basis of which types and volumes of actions for fire-prevention arrangement of the forest fund of the legal entities which conduct forestry for the purpose of minimization of the area of wildfires and their consequences are differentiated.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF ARTIFICIAL PROTECTIVE LINEAR PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL FARM OF FSBEI HE "VSAU"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Mihina ◽  
Nikolay Kharchenko ◽  
Anna Ilunina
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Transverse Profile ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
English Oak

Artificial protective linear plantings in the experimental farm of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "VGAU" were created more than 60 years ago. English oak was used as the main species for cultivation in cultures. The plantings are presented with a width of 18.0 m to 35.0 m with the placement of rocks 1.5 - 5.0 x 0.7 - 3.0 m. Due to the abundance of self-seeding, a dense structure of the lower profile has formed. To study the characteristics of the growth and condition of rocks, test plots were laid in the ZFN according to generally accepted methods in forest inventory and protective afforestation. English oak has a preservation of 50.1-60.1% and, at the same time, its average diameter is from 23.8-25.3 cm, the average height is 20.8-24.0 m. The best results were noted in plantations where the English oak grown with Norway maple and yellow acacia when placed 5.0 x 3.0 m. Silvicultural and reclamation assessment of plantings 4a. When creating protective plantations with the participation of fast-growing species with a placement of 1.5 x 0.7 m, 2.5 x 0.7 m English oak. enter when separating it in rows from fast-growing rocks. In cultures at the age of 62 years with a predominance of pedunculate oak, a convex transverse profile of the plantation is formed and, at the same time, the height of the middle rows is 10.1% higher than the edging rows, the average diameter of the middle rows is less than the extreme ones by 7.5%. Protective plantations transform agricultural landscapes, change the ecology of the territory, serve as boundaries and boundaries of vegetation in inter-strip fields.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF SOIL AND FOREST VEGETATION OF SLOPE LANDSCAPES OF FOREST-STEPPE OF KAMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Эндже Галиуллина ◽  
Endzhe Galiullina ◽  
Айрат Сабиров ◽  
Ayrat Sabirov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Average Height ◽  
High Survival ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Protective Forest

4 types of protective forest stands have been studied: moor, slope, soil, roadside on the degraded lands of the Eastern Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. Protective forests of artificial origin, formed of pine, larch, spruce, poplar, birch, maple, elm. The following types of forest biogeocenosis are distinguished: pine grass, mixed birch forest, spruce grass, poplar motley grass. Protective forest phytocenoses have a significant variety of plants, 14 species of woody, 6 species of shrubby and semi-shrub species, 39 species of herbaceous plants have been identified. In the composition of phytocoenoses, pine plantations predominate, the share of deciduous crops is low - 7-12%. Protective stands of slope landscapes of the forest-steppe of the Kama region have 1st class of age for coniferous species and I-II classes of age for hardwoods, are characterized by high productivity: they grow according to II-I class of bonitet. Pine stands are highly productive, single-stage, clean in composition. The largest reserve of wood is the mixed pine forest. The average diameter of plantations varies from 7.3 to 10.9 cm, the average height varies from 5.7 to 8.8 m. Type of forest conditions D2 (fresh oak forest). Deciduous protective plantations of poplar hybrids-38 and birch bark have a high survival rate and productivity (class I bonitet). The average diameter of plantations varies from 5.3 to 6.8 cm, the average height varies from 6.0 to 7.0 m. Plantations grow: on fertile gray forest soils developed on deluvial and loesslike loams; brown-brown forest soils developed on Permian rocks; rendzinas typical and leached, developed on limestones. The soils have a loose composition of the upper horizons, which transform into dense horizons in the lower horizons; medium loamy, heavy loam and light-clay granulometric composition, good water-resistant structure, high content of agronomically valuable aggregates of 0.25-10 mm in size, saturated with organic matter, and possess high forest growth properties.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF FORMATION OF PROTECTIVE PLANTINGS FROM A BIRCH HANGING IN THE CENTRAL FOREST-STEPPE OF RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Mikhin ◽  
Elena Mikhina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Protective Forest ◽  
Growth Indicators

Negative natural phenomena, erosive processes in agroforestry of the European part of Russia are stabilized using protective forest stands. When creating artificial linear plantations, it is necessary to take into account their silvicultural and reclamation properties. The most efficient are stands with the participation of fast-growing species. Using taxation methods, we studied the growth of tree species (drooping birch) in the age dynamics in various soil conditions and depending on forest cultural, agrotechnical methods of creation. More significant biometric growth indicators are observed in field-protecting forest strips 7.5-10.0 m wide with a plant density of 4-5 thousand trunks per 1 ha, where a highly efficient blown structure is formed. In narrow protective stands with the participation of birch, the biometric growth indicators (diameter, height) have a higher value (1.4-1.6 times) compared with forest reclamation objects, where the width exceeds 50 % or more in the compared variants. Pure horticultural forest strips are most effective when placing seats 4.0 × 4.0 m. In artificial middle-aged stands, growth rates are 12.0-26.8 % higher on chernozem typical in comparison with other soil conditions. The intervals of ameliorative influence on the landscape of protective planting systems were determined. To optimize agro-territories in the forest-steppe conditions, shelterbelts should occupy an area of at least 3.13 % from arable land. Protective planting systems, where optimal conditions for the growth of rocks are combined, and the placement parameters in the landscape make it possible to have biologically stable ecosystems with a high reclamation effect.

scholarly journals Enhancing green open spaces while conserving local genetic resources: Evaluating growth performance of five native tree species

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
F G Dwiyanti ◽  
H H Rachmat ◽  
A Susilowati ◽  
I Z Siregar ◽  
K S Yulita
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Domestication ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Abstract Enhancing green open spaces in cities and their buffer areas has gained increasing recognition. While creating a more sustainable, liveable, and comfortable environment, green spaces could also provide an effort for plant domestication and conservation. We consider the potential urban greening and conservation action by planting five tree species consisting of one highly valuable and slow-growing species Eusideroxylon zwageri trees from four different origins and four fast-growing species of Duabanga moluccana, Anthocephalus macrophyllus, Duabanga grandifolia, and kayu papaya at the water reserve in suburban Ciherang-Bogor. Growth performance on mortality rate and the average height of the 4.5-year-old planted seedlings were observed to evaluate the adaptability and suitability of the species in the area. The results of mortality rate revealed that E. zwageri seedlings were ranged from 35% (from South Kalimantan) to 50% (from Jambi), while the four fast-growing species were ranged from 14% (Kayu papaya) to 83% (Duabanga moluccana) indicated that the mortality rate for the five species of seedlings planted varied. Whereas, the results of average height showed that E. zwageri seedlings were ranged from 196.15 cm (South Kalimantan) to 332.50 cm (Natuna), and four fast-growing species was ranged from 582.35 cm (Duabanga grandiflora) to 1411.10 cm (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) indicated that planting fast-growing trees in the suburban area is suitable to increase land coverage in a relatively short time, while slow-growing species are more suitable for species preservation purposes.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Genetic resources of fast-growing tree for rehabilitating upland area of deteriorated Saguling catchment, West Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT ◽  
ATOK SUBIAKTO ◽  
ARIDA SUSILOWATI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
West Java ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Catchment Areas

Rachmat HH, Subiakto A, Susilowati A. 2019. Title. Short Communication: Genetic resources of fast-growing tree for rehabilitating upland area of deteriorated Saguling catchment, West Java, Indonesia Biodiversitas 20: 442-447. Representing the upper landscapes area in West Bandung District, West Java Province, Indonesia with the highest point of ± 650 m, Saguling reservoir covers catchment area of about ± 2300 ha. Many huge reservoirs in Indonesia experienced faster-observed sedimentation than those of its expected time. The main cause for this situation is that the sedimentation rate has been doubled or even more than that of calculated or expected. The phenomenon of excessive and accelerated sedimentation condition in a water reservoir indicated that the development of both areas and its community have neglected the conservation aspect of the catchment areas. Those, rehabilitation of catchment area become an urgent need. Related to rehabilitation purposes, we planted six fast-growing tree species (Ochroma pyramidale/balsa, Nauclea orientalis/gempol, Ficus variegate/nyawai, Antocephalus cadamba/jabon putih, Anthocephalus macrophyllus/jabon merah, and Octomeles sumatrana/binuang bini) to determine which ones were the most suitable for scale-up plantation in rehabilitation activities. Planting was designed by total planting in uniform planting distance of 3 x 3 m, each species planted in line planting technique consisted of 3 block replications. Measurement on seedling height was conducted over all species at 6 and 12 months after planting. The best height increment showing the fastest growing species at 6 months after planting then scaled up to bigger experimental plot covering 3 ha area. Of the sixth month after planting measurement, result showed balsa gained the highest average height (136.19 cm) followed by nyawai, binuang bini, jabon merah, jabon putih and gempol (133.53 cm, 99.60 cm, 78.27 cm, 70.60 cm, and 53..30 cm). Scaled up experimental plot for balsa showed the average height at 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 year after planting (yap) was 4.16 m, 12.13 m, and 23.08 m while the average diameter breast height (DBH) was 7.0 cm, 20.14 cm and 28.21 cm. From study result, we suggested balsa as potential fast growing tree species planted for rehabilitation activities in Saguling catchment area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document