scholarly journals Gereja Tanpa Mimbar

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
RJ Natongam Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Church Leadership ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Ecclesial Leadership ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Male Power ◽  
The Church

Abstract: Patriarchy culture has strongly influenced the Christianity on marginalizing women, especially limiting women's leadership in the church. Biblical theorems and the church fathers' views that subordinate women are also used as reasons to perpetuate male power in the church. Women are not only blamed for being considered the origin of sin, but also seen as weak, inferior, lustful, more emotional, and less rational than men. Although the Bible also records that there were women who became apostles and leaders, but this fact did not necessarily undermine the patriarchy culture in the church. Based on that, the author criticizes the patriarchy culture in the church and reconstructs a model of church leadership that sides with women. In this article, the author proposes a church without a pulpit as a feminist ecclesial leadership model with several concepts, namely (1) the church is women and women are the church; (2) the church as a common space; (3) the church as a space for friendship; and (4) the church as a space for sharing.   Keywords: leadership, women, feminist, ecclesiology.   Abstrak: Budaya patriarki secara kuat memengaruhi Kekristenan untuk memarginalkan perempuan terkhusus membatasi kepemimpinan perempuan di dalam gereja. Dalil-dalil Alkitab dan pandangan Bapa-bapa gereja yang mensubordinasikan perempuan juga turut digunakan sebagai alat untuk melanggengkan kekuasaan laki-laki di dalam gereja. Perempuan tidak hanya disalahkan karena dianggap sebagai asal dosa namun juga dipandang lebih lemah, lebih rendah, makhluk hawa nafsu, lebih emosional, dan kurang rasional dibandingkan dengan laki-laki. Walaupun Alkitab juga mencatat ada perempuan yang menjadi rasul dan pemimpin, namun fakta ini tidak dapat meruntuhkan budaya patriarki di dalam gereja. Berdasarkan itu, penulis mengkritisi budaya patriarki di dalam gereja dan merekonstuksi model kepemimpinan gereja yang berpihak kepada perempuan. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menggagas gereja tanpa mimbar sebagai model kepemimpinan eklesial feminis dengan beberapa konsep, yaitu (1) gereja adalah perempuan dan perempuan adalah gereja; (2) gereja sebagai ruang bersama; (3) gereja sebagai ruang persahabatan, dan (4) gereja sebagai ruang berbagi.   Kata kunci: kepemimpinan, perempuan, feminis, eklesiologi.

scholarly journals Perempuan dan Kepemimpinan Gereja: Suatu Dialog Perspektif Hermeneutika Feminis

Kurios ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Bobby Kurnia Putrawan
Keyword(s):  
Church Leadership ◽  
Social Ethics ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Christian Social Ethics ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Theological Study ◽  
Feminist Hermeneutics ◽  
The Church

The feminist movement became a movement that moved and challenged the church from the comfort of male domination. The role of women is increasingly strengthened and developed in various aspects of life, including aspects of church leadership. This resulted in debates among male-dominated church leaders; whether women's leadership roles can be accepted or rejected. This article is presented to add to the theological study of women and their leadership in the church through the perspective of feminist hermeneutics while upholding respect and authority for the Bible. The method used is grammar-accommodative, which is a combination of grammatical understanding of the text and translatively translated. Finally, the involvement of women in the formation of Christian social ethics in the future will broaden the horizon of understanding the interaction of women and men in social structures and ecclesiastics. Abstrak Gerakan feminis menjadi sebuah gerakan yang menggugah dan meng-gugat gereja dari kenyamanannya dominasi laki-laki. Peranan perempuan semakin diperkuat dan dikembangkan di pelbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk aspek kepemimpinan gereja. Hal ini ini berdampak perdebatan di kalangan pimpinan gereja yang didominasi laki-laki; apakah peranan kepemimpinan perempuan bisa diterima atau ditolak. Artikel ini disajikan untuk menambah kajian teologis mengenai perempuan dan kepemimpinannya di gereja melalui perspektif hermeneutika feminis, dengan tetap menjunjung tinggi penghargaan dan otoritas terhadap Alkitab. Metode yang digunakan adalah grammar-akomodatif, yang merupakan perpaduan pengertian teks secara gramatikal dan diterjemahkan secara akomo-datif. Akhirnya, keterlibatan perempuan ke dalam pembentukan etika sosial Kristen di masa depan akan memperluas cakrawala pemahaman tentang interaksi perempuan dan laki-laki dalam struktur sosial dan kegerejawian.

The Giant and the Underdog

Philotheos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-259
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Danilović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Hebrew Version ◽  
David And Goliath ◽  
The Church

The story of David and Goliath is one of the most famous biblical stories. It had an impact on many branches of contemporary art. It is also an inevitable part of religious education and general education in all schools. Knowing the fact that the Church Fathers have an essential part in the lives of many Christians today (in the Orthodox Church, they were role models from the very beginning), it is interesting to see how did they, these original theologians, read and interpret the story of David and Goliath. Was it for them, in the time when the Bible was the most sacred book for all, important as it is for us today? Did people during the sports events of that time talk on the markets about the underdog who struck the giant? Additionally, if one looks at the ancient Greek and Hebrew text, one will find out that the Hebrew version, which was used as the source for most modern translations, is 40% longer than the Greek one. Could the works of the Fathers help us to determine which version of the story is the Holy Scripture for Christians today?

scholarly journals The mercy of God as the foundation of charity of the Church

Diacovensia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-651
Author(s):  
Wiesław Przygoda
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
Pope Benedict Xvi ◽  
Benedict Xvi ◽  
The Bible ◽  
1 John ◽  
The Image Of God ◽  
The Church

Charity diaconia of the Church is not an accidental involvement but belongs to its fundamental missions. This thesis can be supported in many ways. The author of this article finds the source of the obligation of Christians and the whole Church community to charity service in the nature of God. For Christians God is Love (1 John 4, 8.16). Even though some other names can be found, (Jahwe , Elohim, Adonai), his principal name that encapsulates all other ones is Love. Simultaneously, God which is Love showed his merciful nature (misericordiae vultus) in the course of salvation. He did it in a historical, visible and optimal way through his Son, Jesus Christ through the embodied God’s Son, Jesus Christ, who loved the mankind so much that he sacrificed his life for us, being tortured and killed at the cross. This selfless love laid the foundations for the Church, which, in essence, is a community of loving human and God’s beings. Those who do not love, even though they joined the Church through baptism, technically speaking, do not belong to the Church since love is a real not a formal sign of belonging to Christ’s disciples (cf. John 13, 35). Therefore, charitable activity is a significant dimension of the Church’s mission as it is through charity that the Church shows the merciful nature of its Saviour. A question that needs to be addressed may be expressed as follows: in what way the image of God, who is love, implies an involvement in charity of an individual and the Church? An answer may be found in the Bible, writings of the Church Fathers of and the documents of Magisterium Ecclesiae and especially the teachings of Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis.

The Legal Basis for the Prohibition on Abortion in Jewish Law

1980 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Biblical Law ◽  
Foetal Development ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Church

One of the main issues in almost every treatment of abortion in Jewish Law is the legal basis for its prohibition. The recent trend in Rabbinic literature to categorise abortion as a form of homicide, proscribed by Biblical law, seems to constitute a break with the classical Rabbinic view, according to which abortion is neither homicide, nor directly prohibited in the major literary sources of Jewish Law, i.e. the Bible and the Talmud. Moreover, in the few instances in which abortion is discussed in these sources, it would seem that no such prohibition exists.This article will analyse the Biblical and Talmudic passages which deal with abortion, and survey the various Rabbinic opinions as to the legal basis for its prohibition. Particular attention will be paid to the argument that abortion is a biblically-proscribed form of homicide, and to the reasons which may underlie the adoption of that argument by a number of authorities in recent times. We will also analyse the significance in Jewish Law of the stages of foetal development.Our analysis will be both historical and normative, and in this context it will be a valuable exercise to compare the position in Jewish Law to that in the Canon Law of the Church of Rome. Although the Church Fathers held that abortion was a form of homicide, and the contemporary position of the Catholic Church reflects this attitude strictly and unswervingly, the Medieval Canonists adopted the distinction between the formed and the unformed foetus, based on a tradition derived from the Septuagint version of the Biblical passage dealing with the consequences of striking a pregnant woman (Ex. 21:22–23).

scholarly journals Zagadnienie personalizmu w "Protreptyku" Klemensa Aleksandryjskiego

Vox Patrum ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 299-315
Author(s):  
Aleksy Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Clement Of Alexandria ◽  
Origen Of Alexandria ◽  
Cappadocian Fathers ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Church ◽  
Aristotle's Metaphysics

The article presents the outline of the pagan and Christian ancient anthropo­logy that is interested in its relations to the cosmology. The antique philosophers describe a man as the microcosmos which belongs to the macrocosmos. Accor­ding to Aristotle’s metaphysics and the henological metaphysics, the human being occupies the lower place in the hierarchy of the universe. The Christian thinkers, based on the Bible and the Tradition, show the human being as God’s creature made according to the image and similitude of his Creator. The Church Fathers know the Jewish and gnostic anthropologies and they make a polemic on their doctrinal issues. Investigating the patristic anthropology is possible to apply the prosopography exegesis that underlines the interpersonal dialogue. That method indicates three levels of mutual relationships: the analogical and iconic one, the dyadic and dialogical level and the triadic one. The Church Fathers creating the metaphysics of person change their research from the cosmology to the theology and the anthropology. Justin investigates the personalist logos-anthropology. Ire­naeus of Lyon and Tertullian of Carthage show the personalist soma-anthropology. Clement of Alexandria elaborates the very interesting concept of the personalist eikon-anthropology that describes the human person as the divine Logos’ image, the living statue, in which dwells the divine Logos and the beautiful instrument fulfilled by God with the spirit. Origen of Alexandria, the Cappadocian Fathers and other Christian thinkers who examine that issue, will use Clément’s personal­ist eikon-anthropology in their future investigations. That concept helps to define the solemn Christological doctrine of Council of Chalcedon.

scholarly journals Studi Apologetika Tentang Pandangan Rasul Paulus Terhadap Kepemimpinan Wanita Di Gereja

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
Jessica Elizabeth Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Church Leadership ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Of Christ ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Timothy 2 ◽  
Women In Church Leadership ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
The Church

Paul’s theological view on women in church leadership is often misinterpreted if not misunderstood. It is true that at first glance, his prohibitions and policies for women sound degrading the women’s role. Yet, the application of the appropriate hermeneutical approach to his writings such as in 1 Corinths 11:2-16, 1 Corinths 14:34-35 and 1 Timothy 2:9-14 will show that Paul is never against women leading the church. This writing hopes to expand the church’s perspective on women’s leadership so that the church can provide women with the same opportunity as for the men in building up the body of Christ. On the other hand, it hopes to empower more women to take on leadership roles in the church without hesitation. [Pandangan teologis Rasul Paulus terhadap kepemimpinan wanita di gereja seringkali diterjemahkan dengan keliru atau disalah pahami. Jika dilihat secara sekilas, larangan dan aturan yang ia berikan kepada wanita terdengar merendahkan mereka. Namun, penerapan pendekatan hermeneutika yang sesuai dengan tulisan-tulisannya seperti dalam 1 Korintus 11:2-16, 1 Korintus 14:34-35 dan 1 Timotius 2:9-14 akan menunjukkan bahwa Rasul Paulus tidak pernah menentang wanita untuk memegang jabatan kepemimpinan di gereja. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat memperluas perspektif gereja tentang kepemimpinan wanita sehingga wanita dapat memiliki kesempatan yang sama layaknya pria dalam membangun tubuh Kristus. Di sisi lain, gereja juga diharapkan untuk dapat memberdayakan lebih banyak lagi wanita untuk mengambil peran dalam kepemimpinan gereja tanpa ragu.] 

scholarly journals Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dalam Pembentukan Provinsi Kepulauan Mentawai

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Sepmady Hutahaean
Keyword(s):  
Gospel Of John ◽  
Local Church ◽  
Church Leadership ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
The Times ◽  
Discipleship Model ◽  
The Church

Abstract: As the times grew, leadership began to decline and crisis. This leadership crisis is also inseparable from the church environment. Speaking of leadership in the church is seen from the point of view of the Bible, inseparable from the Great person of Jesus Christ. This paper discusses Jesus' leadership model focusing on the Gospel of John. The author formulates the following problem: : What is the model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John and its implementation in the local church? The purpose of writing this scientific paper is to know and explain the model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John and its implementation in the local church. This study uses qualitative research method with descriptive approach which this method considers that the data collected to be the key to what is studied. The data the author observes is the Gospel of John, literature such as books and journal articles on leadership. The model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John is Jesus as the Leader of the sheep, Jesus as the Ministering Leader, and Jesus discipleship and send. An example for the local church leadership model is to put self-integrity first, lead holistically, and implement a discipleship model. The local church leadership model reflecting Jesus' leadership model in the Gospel of John is expected to be a learning experience for leaders in the local church. Keyword: model, the leadership of Jesus, the local church, the example.   Abstrak: Semakin berkembangnya zaman, kepemimpinan mulai merosot dan mengalami krisis. Krisis kepemimpinan ini pun juga tidak terlepas dari lingkungan gereja. Berbicara mengenai kepemimpinan dalam gereja dilihat dari sudut pandang Alkitab, tidak terlepas dari pribadi yang Agung yaitu Yesus Kristus. Penulisan ini membahas tentang model kepemimpinan Yesus yang berfokus pada Injil Yohanes. Penulis merumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: : Bagaimana model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes dan implementasinya dalam gereja lokal? Adapun tujuan penulisan dari karya ilmiah ini ialah untuk mengetahui dan memaparkan model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes dan implementasinya dalam gereja lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang mana metode ini memandang bahwa data yang dikumpulkan menjadi kunci terhadap apa yang diteliti. Data yang penulis amati ialah kitab Injil Yohanes, literatur-literatur seperti buku dan artikel jurnal tentang kepemimpinan. Adapun model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes ialah Yesus sebagai Pemimpin domba-domba, Yesus sebagai Pemimpin yang melayani, dan Yesus memuridkan dan mengutus. Teladan bagi model kepemimpinan gereja lokal yaitu mengutamakan integritas diri, memimpin secara holistik, dan menerapkan model discipleship. Model kepemimpinan gereja lokal yang bercermin dari model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes diharapkan dapat menjadi pembelajaran bagi para pemimpin di gereja lokal. Kata kunci: model, kepemimpinan Yesus, gereja lokal, teladan.

scholarly journals THE PILGRIMAGE OF WEALTHY PIOUS CHRISTIAN WOMEN FROM ROME TO THE HOLY LAND IN THE FOURTH TO SIXTH CENTURIES AD

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-65
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Christian Women ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Church

This study examines the pilgrimage of Christian women ascetics in the early Christian period from the fourth to sixth centuries AD, focusing on wealthy Roman women who were influenced by the Church Fathers, such as Jerome and left their world, freedom, family and social class. They sold their properties in order to come to the Holy Land (the Land of the Bible) to visit the holy places and the desert hermits and to build monasteries, hospitals, hospices, orphanages and accomodations for old people through the Holy Land. The pilgrimage of women ascetics was a characteristic feature of the period. In spite of the difficult journey, these ascetic women came to fulfill their religious and spiritual needs. These women have been remembered throughout the ages for their faith, piety, tenderness, purity and devotion and have served as role models for women after them. This study examines the concept of pilgrimage in Christianity and the pilgrimage of the women ascetics and their religious and social accomplishments in the Holy Land.

scholarly journals The Creation Narratives in the Western and Greek-Orthodox Theology of the 20th Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-472
Author(s):  
Alexandra Palantza
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
The Bible ◽  
God's Word ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Book Of Genesis ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
The Church

Abstract The Book of Genesis offers not only to Israel but also to its neighbors the reason for their existence1. In western theological thought, W. Eichrodt’s Theology of the Old Testament and Cl. Westermann’s Commentary on Genesis are two of the most important works, which are distinguished because of their method and the expression of their theological perspectives on the topic “creation narratives”. In contrast to Western theologians, Greek-Orthodox Theologians inherited their tradition of interpretation from the Church Fathers. Eastern Theology has seen the topic of interpreting the Bible as an unbreakable whole, containing God’s word and action for the salvation of humankind. Any differences between them are caused by another perspective and ecclesiastical tradition.

scholarly journals Repliek op Van der Watt se artikel oor ‘Intertekstualiteit en oorinterpretasie: Verwysings na Genesis 28:12 in Johannes 1:51?’

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hennie F. Stander
Keyword(s):  
Church Fathers ◽  
John 1 ◽  
History Of Interpretation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

A response to Van der Watt’s article on ‘Intertextuality and over-interpretation: References to Genesis 28:12 in John 1:51?’ This article is a response to an article of Van der Watt titled ‘Intertextuality and over-interpretation: References to Genesis 28:12 in John 1:51?’ (2016). He states in this article that his aim is ‘to illustrate the dangers of over-interpretation when dealing with intertextual relations between texts, especially when allusion is assumed’. He then gives a brief survey of different interpretations of John 1:51. Van der Watt shows in his article how theologians use themes from Genesis 28:12 (like the ladder, Jacob or Bethel, which are not mentioned in John 1:51) in their expositions of John 1:51. Van der Watt regards some of these expositions as examples of over-interpretation. The aim of my article is to show how Church Fathers interpreted Genesis 28:12 and John 1:51. I show in my article that the Church Fathers saw several parallels between these two sections from the Bible. Furthermore, I suggest that the early theologians’ interpretations formed a tradition that probably influenced modern interpreters of the Bible. I also discuss the role of typology in the history of interpretation, specifically also in the case of Genesis 28:12 and John 1:51. I then argue that it is perhaps not so far-fetched to see an intertextual relation between Genesis 28:12 and John 1:51.

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