scholarly journals Biocatalyst of Nanocomposite using Functionalized Low-Cost Activated Carbon from Zea mays L. (maize) Husk Leaf with Lipase for Hydrolysis of Olive Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Nursyafreena Attan ◽  
Roswanira Abd Wahab ◽  
Nur Anith Mohd Saharuddin ◽  
Fathin Najihah Nor Mohd Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Covalent Immobilization ◽  
Maximum Activity

The expansion of agricultural land and commercial food industries to meet rising global demands have imparted new challenges to the environment and human activities. Poor management of the generated waste by-products perpetually contributes to increased ecological burden. This study proposed the use of chemically-functionalized activated carbon sourced from Zea mays L. husk leave (FZHLAC) as support for the covalent immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL). This work aims to establish the protocol of preparing functionally satisfactory FZHLAC immobilized CRL (CRL-FZHLAC) and to assess its efficacy in hydrolyzing olive oil as the model reaction. Results of FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, TGA, X-ray diffraction and BET confirmed that CRL-FZHLAC was successfully prepared with an enzyme loading of 13% (v/v). Maximum activity for hydrolysis (71.24 µmol/min/g) was achieved under an optimized condition of 50 °C, 200 rpm at pH 8 with reusability up to 5 cycles. Hydrolysis at 70 °C best fitted the first order reaction while the activation energies varies from 55.37 to -41.22 kJ/mol. The findings showed that CRL-FZHLAC is prospectively useful as biocatalysts to carry out a variety of aqueous-based biotransformation reactions

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide as an Attenuator of Ecophysiological Changes in Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants Submitted to Copper Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Ana Ecidia de Araújo Brito ◽  
Jessica Suellen Silva Teixeira ◽  
Diana Jhulia Palheta de Sousa ◽  
Evelyn Fátima Lima de Souza ◽  
Gabriel Ito dos Santos Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Corn Plants

The aim of this work was to evaluate the attenuating effect of the nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside-NPS) on the ecophysiological responses of corn plants (Zea mays L.) submitted to copper toxicity. The corn seeds of the K9606 VIP3 variety were soaked for 48 hours in Germitest with solution containing treatment with sodium nitroprusside Na2 [Fe (CN) 5 NO] 2H2O (0, 200 and 300µM), sodium ferrocyanide Na4Fe (CN) 6 ( 300, 100 and 0 µM) respectively and deionized water (control), sown in buckets with 15 kg of soil incubated for 50 days containing copper concentrations CuSO4.5H2O (0, 60 and 200 mg kg-1). The design consisted of randomized blocks with 12 treatments and 4 repetitions, making a total of 48 plants. in ecophysiological variables: height, leaf area and number of leaves, stem diameter increased by 32, 66% and 11.29% in the treatments with 60 mg kg-1 of copper and 200 mg kg-1 of copper, respectively. There was no effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content measured by the SPAD index and gas exchange. The chlorophyll a fluorescence variables indicate that the concentration of 200 mg kg-1 of copper caused damage to the structure of the PS II reaction center complexes and indicate a slightly protective effect of nitric oxide-NO present in sodium nitroprusside and cyanide present in sodium ferrocyanide, reflecting a smooth functioning of the maximum activity of photosystem II and the electron transport chain.

scholarly journals Improved Catalytic Performance of Carrier-Free Immobilized Lipase by Advanced Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Jiaojiao ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Bin Zou ◽  
Adesanya Idowu Onyinye
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Functional Surface ◽  
Carrier Free ◽  
Effective Synthesis ◽  
Repeated Use

Abstract The cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) are one of the technologies that quickly immobilize the enzyme without a carrier. This carrier-free immobilization method has the advantages of simple operation, high reusability and low cost. In this study, ionic liquid with amino group (1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazole bromide，IL) was used as the novel functional surface molecule to modify industrialized lipase (Candida rugosa lipase, CRL). The enzymatic properties of the prepared CRL-FIL-CLEAs were investigated. The activity of CRL-FIL-CLEAs (5.51 U/mg protein) was 1.9 times higher than that of CRL-CLEAs without surface modification (2.86 U/mg protein). After incubation at 60℃ for 50 min, CRL-FIL-CLEAs still maintained 61% of its initial activity, while the value for CRL-CLEAs was only 22%. After repeated use for five times, compared with the 22% residual activity of CRL-CLEAs, the value of CRL-FIL-CLEAs was 51%. Further kinetic analysis indicated that the Km values for CRL-FIL-CLEAs and CRL-CLEAs were 4.80 mM and 8.06 mM, respectively, which was inferred that the affinity to substrate was increased after modification. Based on the above results, it was indicated that this method provided a new idea for the effective synthesis of immobilized enzyme.

scholarly journals Diversitas Tumbuhan Liar Pada Lahan Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Bungbungan Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Khoiratul Hasanah ◽  
Ari Hayati ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Wild plants are plants whose presence on agricultural land can reduce crop yields. Losses due to wild plants to cultivated plants vary depending on the type of plant cultivated, climate, species of wild plants and technical cultivation applied. This study aims to determine the diversity of wild plants in the land of maize (Zea mays L.) in Bung-bungan Village Bluto District Sumenep Regency. This method uses a descriptive exploratory method, for each wild plant found in ± 3600 m2 of corn land. Sampling of wild plants using a 4x4 m plot method. The measured data includes the number of species and the number of individuals calculating important values ​​and diversity indices. The results of the study showed that the Shannon-Wienner Diversity Index analysis of the highest value in maize plants in plantations was found in land II, which was 2.678 indicating moderate diversity, categorized as moderate because there were not too many wild plants on maize.  Keywords: Corn, diversity, wild plants,  ABSTRAK Tumbuhan liar merupakan tumbuhan yang kehadirannya pada lahan pertanian dapat menurunkan hasil tanaman. Kerugian akibat tumbuhan  liar terhadap tanaman budidaya beragam bergantung dari jenis tanaman yang diusahakan, iklim, jenis tumbuhan  liar dan teknis budidaya yang diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diversitas tumbuhan liar di lahan jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Bung-bungan Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep. Metode ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif, terhadap setiap tumbuhan liar yang ditemukan pada lahan jagung seluas ±3600 m2. Pengambilan sampel tumbuhan liar menggunakan metode plot berukuran 4x4 m. Data yang diukur meliputi jumlah spesies dan jumlah individu menghitung nilai penting dan indeks diversitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner tumbuhan liar nilai tertinggi pada tanaman jagung di lkebun terdapat pada lahan II yaitu 2,678 menunjukkan keanekaragaman sedang, di kategorikan sedang karena jenis tanaman liar yang ada pada lahan jagung tidak terlalu banyak. Kata kunci: Jagung, Diversitas, Tanaman liar

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of ethyl butyrate with immobilized Candida rugosa lipase onto modified Eupergit®C

Biocatalysis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Spinelli ◽  
Simone Coppi ◽  
Riccardo Basosi ◽  
Rebecca Pogni
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Ethyl Butyrate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Immobilized Candida Rugosa Lipase

AbstractLipase from Candida rugosa was immobilized onto the modified Eupergit®C. The support was treated with ethylenediamine and subsequently activated with glutaraldehyde. Enzyme immobilization efficiency was 85%. The optimum pH was close to 6.5 for both the free and immobilized lipase. Immobilized lipase retained its maximum activity in a temperature range of 55 – 60°C. Subsequently, ethyl butyrate synthesis was investigated using immobilized enzyme by esterification of butyric acid with ethanol in solvent-free conditions (23% product yield) and using hexane as a solvent (65% product yield). The acid-alcohol molar ratio and different enzyme amounts were tested as efficient reaction parameters. The biocatalyst maintained 60% of its activity when reused in 8 successive batch reactions in organic solvent. Therefore, the immobilized lipase has demonstrated its potential in practical applications such as short-chain ester synthesis for the food industry.

Covalent immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on a novel functionalized Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 dip-coated nanocomposite membrane

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Aghababaie ◽  
Masoud Beheshti ◽  
Amir Razmjou ◽  
Abdol-Khalegh Bordbar
Keyword(s):  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Covalent Immobilization ◽  
Nanocomposite Membrane

scholarly journals Response surface methodology for optimizing the glycerolysis reaction of olive oil by Candida rugosa lipase

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Singh ◽  
Mausumi Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Immobilized Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Central Composite

In the present work, solvent free olive oil glycerolysis for the monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG) production with an immobilized Candida rugosa lipase was studied. MG and DG production were optimized using experiment design techniques and response surface methodology (RSM). RSM based on five-level, a five-variable central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize MG and DG production: reaction time, temperature, molar ratio of glycerol to oil, amount of lipase, and water content in glycerol. The reaction time, temperature, and amount of lipase were observed to be the most significant factors on the process response. The immobilized Candida rugosa lipase revealed optimum yield of MG and DG as 38.71 and 40.45 wt% respectively following a 5h reaction time with 0.025 g of lipase and 5% water content in glycerol at 40?C temperature. The yield of MG and DG production can be enhanced 1.5 fold by RSM.

Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on polypropylene microfiltration membrane modified by glycopolymer: hydrolysis of olive oil in biphasic bioreactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 996-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Tao Deng ◽  
Zhi-Kang Xu ◽  
Zheng-Wei Dai ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Patrick Seta
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Microfiltration Membrane ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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