scholarly journals INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN MULTICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS IN EUROPE AND KOSOVO

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Vedat Bajrami
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Eu Member States

In the last thirty years of pedagogical practice, particular attention has been paid to the inclusion of children with special education needs, multi-lingual children in multi-cultural environments and children living in poverty. Nowadays, inclusive education is a subject and a requirement of all European institutions in the EU and the Council of Europe, many families, experts, non-governmental organizations and individuals. The paper is a result of a research of education systems, systems of support, legislation and evaluation of positive practice in the nine countries of the European Union and Kosovo. The condition for the research countries to be included in the sample is based on the population number not being larger than 8 million. Because of the relevance of the comparative analysis, two older state members of the European Union were chosen (Austria, the Flemish and the French region of Belgium), fourrecent EU member states (Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia and Slovenia), three Scandinavian countries (Iceland, Finland and Norway) and Kosovo.The aim of the research, besides defining the currentand basic definitions in exploring the description of the education systems of individual countries, is to present practices of inclusion of children with disabilities and multi-lingual children to carry out the processes of inclusion. The aim was achieved through the tasks of including children with SEN and multi-lingual children in individual countries in Europe and in the Kosovo, through the analysis of the legal framework andthe organization of the education system in the individual countries enabling inclusive processes, by determining differences in relation to the systems of individual countries which are inclined to mainstream or special education, by identifying the support the particular groups of learners: children with SEN and multi-lingual children receive within the school system, by bringing out examples of good practices. Countries with high income rate per capita and low level of unemployment have a better organized system of inclusion of all CSEN, they provide more support and services at the local level.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF INCLUSIVE POLICIES AND PRACTICES IN SOME COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND IN KOSOVO

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1593-1598
Author(s):  
Vedat Bajrami
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Special Education Needs ◽  
The Status

In the last thirty years of pedagogical practice, particular attention has been paid to the inclusion of children with special education needs, multi-lingual children in multi-cultural environments and children living in poverty. Nowadays, inclusive education is a subject and a requirement of all European institutions in the EU and the Council of Europe, many families, experts, non-governmental organizations and individuals.The research sample consists of 8 countries from Europe and Kosovo. The condition for the research countries to be included in the sample is based on the population number not being larger than 8 million. Because of the relevance of the comparative analysis, two older state members of the European Union were chosen (Austria, the Flemish and the French region of Belgium), two members of the European Union (Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia and Slovenia), two Scandinavian countries (Finland and Norway) and Kosovo. Kosovo has received the status of a potential candidate for European Union membership.

Front-of-pack nutrition labelling in the European Union: a behavioural, legal and political analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Vincent DELHOMME
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Nutrition Labelling ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Legislative Proposal ◽  
The Eu

Amidst a growing interest from European Union (EU) Member States, the European Commission recently announced that it would put forward a legislative proposal for the adoption of a harmonised and mandatory front-of-pack nutrition labelling scheme at the EU level. The present contribution discusses the implications of such an adoption, taking a behavioural, legal and policy angle. It introduces first the concept of front-of-pack nutrition labelling and the existing evidence regarding its effects on consumer behaviour and dietary habits. It then presents the legal framework currently applicable to (front-of-pack) nutrition labelling in the EU and discusses some of the main political and practical aspects involved with the development of a common EU front-of-pack label.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Uptake of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in the European Union

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayotis Christidis ◽  
Caralampo Focas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Machine Learning Classification ◽  
Eu Member States

This paper explores the factors affecting the uptake of hybrid and electric vehicles in the European Union (EU) using data from two extensive cross-sectional surveys. Each survey consists of 26,500 responses to a questionnaire that combines socio-economic and behavioral aspects. The share of respondents across the EU stating that they would certainly or probably consider purchasing a hybrid or a battery-powered electric vehicle (H&EV) in the near future rose from 32% in 2014 to 37.4% in 2018. There is, however, a high variability among EU member states, as well as across different socio-economic groups. Propensity is highly correlated with income, educational attainment, and urbanization level. In order to address the high degree of collinearity, we applied a machine learning classification model to analyze and explain the interaction between the variables that affected the expressed propensity to purchase such a vehicle. The findings highlight something largely missing from the literature, namely that local conditions and regional variation are a major, if not decisive, factor regarding purchasing choices. Seen from a policy perspective, this conclusion may provide guidance regarding how to support the take up of H&EVs through measures that are tailored to the specific needs at the local level.

THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN EUROPE

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Fulvia Staiano
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Court ◽  
Common European Asylum System

On February 2015, Eurostat issued a report highlighting that 65% of registered victims of human trafficking in Europe between 2010 and 2012 were citizens of the European Union (EU). Despite the seriousness of this phenomenon, EU citizens who are victims of trafficking are afforded little protection in the European legal space. First, the multi-level legal framework against trafficking applicable on the Union territory does not recognise clear residence rights to this group. Second, the general freedom of movement granted to all EU citizens under Directive 2004/38 might be precluded to victims of trafficking due to the economic prerequisites required by this instrument. It follows that the granting of refugee status to EU citizens who are victims of trafficking becomes a crucial source of protection. The safe country presumption in force between EU Member States under the so-called Aznar Protocol, however, precludes access to international protection for this group. This article critically reviews the Common European Asylum System, in search of normative and judicial interpretations capable of ensuring a stronger protection of EU citizens who are victims of trafficking. In this context, a special focus is devoted to the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and of the Court of Justice of the European Union.

Caught Between National and Supranational Values: Limitations to Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters as Part of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice within the European Union

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Olivia den Hollander
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Judicial Cooperation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Third ◽  
The One ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
The Eu

AbstractCurrently, the European Union is based on both supranational (first pillar) and international (second and third pillar) law. The third pillar signifies police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters and although formally based on international law, it has been under increasing "supranational pressure" by the developments in the "Area of Freedom, Security and Justice". This Area is focused on a set of common values and principles closely tied to those of the single market and its four "freedoms". The main argument of this article is that the legal framework of the third pillar is an impediment to judicial cooperation in criminal matters in general, and to the coordination of conflicts of jurisdiction and the principle of ne bis in idem in particular. The legal framework of the third pillar finds itself in the middle of an identity crisis, since it can neither be identified as a traditional intergovernmental, nor as a supranational institutional framework. Criminal law is a politically sensitive matter, which on the one hand explains why the EU member states are reluctant to submit their powers over the issue to the European level and on the other hand, it implies that if the EU member states really want to cooperate on such an intensive level, they will have to submit some of their powers in order to strengthen EU constitutional law. The article suggests a reform of the third pillar through the method of "communitization", which is exactly what will happen in case the EU Reform Treaty will enter into force. This would offer the ingredients for a true international community in which the ambitious agenda of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice can realise its aim of a common set of values and principles which supersedes those of each of the member states individually.

Inclusive and Special Education in Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Regular Classrooms ◽  
Inclusive Schooling

One of the largest reforms in the school systems of European countries is inclusive schooling. All over Europe enrollment of students with special educational needs (SEN) in regular classrooms is rising and at the same time the proportion of students with SEN in segregated school settings is declining (in most European countries). Despite a significant push to implement inclusive education across the countries of the European Union, its practical implementation is limited in most of the countries. There are huge variations across the countries in the way they are attempting to implement inclusion as well as unique challenges that each country faces. For example, the decision of whether a child with SEN will attend inclusive or special education is made by different stakeholders in different countries. While in some countries this choice is mainly made by parents, in other countries professionals decide which school is most appropriate for students with SEN. Moreover, the resources available to implement inclusive education differ widely across Europe.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ASYLUM SYSTEM IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Iveta Adijāne
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The World ◽  
Asylum Procedure ◽  
The Eu

There still is a lack of unity among EU Member States on asylum issues, both, in the practical application of the existing legal framework and in the direction of the common asylum system. Latvia is subject of both international and European Union common asylum conditions. Any changes in the scale of the European Union affect Latvia, and the world situation in the field of refugees also affects our country. The aim of this article is to analyse the current situation of asylum in the EU, touching upon main trends in the world of refugees, and to identify the main problems in the existing asylum procedure in the EU. In order to achieve objectives, following research methods were used: monographic research of theoretical and empirical sources in order to analyse and evaluate various asylum domain information, analytical method in order to acquire legislative content and verities, comparative method in order to discover differences in legislation of asylum procedure in EU countries, systemic method in order to disclose interconnections in legislation, descriptive statistics method and correlation analysis in order to analyse process of asylum procedure and determine interconnections in asylum procedure time frame between legislation and practical instances in EU countries.

scholarly journals The Philosophy of the European Union Legislation Formation in the Field of Local Governance Construction

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Iryna LYCHENKO ◽  
Orest KRASIVSKYY ◽  
Natalia LESKO ◽  
Nataliia PAYLIUK ◽  
Lidiia MARUSIAK
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Union Legislation ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to substantiating the philosophical and legal approach to the law within the framework of the formation of a legal framework in the field of creating a qualitatively new system of local self-government. The article examines the problems of jurisprudence from the standpoint of the philosophy of law within the framework of local government. In the article, the author also examines the historical and methodological aspects of the development of the philosophical foundations of the formation of the system of local self-government as the most important moment in the formation of European liberalism due to its genesis. The purpose of the article is to describe the direct influence of the philosophy of law on the formation and development of the legal worldview of building a system of local self-govern­ment. Throughout its history, the European Union has developed a set of standards on which local self-government systems of EU member states and applicants for this status are built. The complexity and simultaneous importance of legislative regulation of the functioning of this system are evidenced by the fact that the legislation and principles of international law used by the EU in the field of local self-government are among the “youngest” ones.

scholarly journals Considerations on the Infringement Procedure against Romania

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crina Mihaela Verga ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Relevant Case ◽  
The Eu

This paper is a study of the infringement procedure, as it is regulated at EU level. Thus, we first analyze the existing legal framework on the matter. The implementation of this procedure in various Member States of the European Union and its consequences are then presented. Last but not least, the article refers to a series of aspects regarding the fields in which the procedure was directed against Romania since its integration into the EU. The purpose of the essay is to present in detail Romania's situation regarding the violation of EU’s law.Thus, a comparative presentation throughout time of the number of such proceedings launched against the Romanian state was made.A relevant case in which Romania was tried and convicted was also presented in detail.The large number of cases launched in 2021 highlights the delays registered by Romania on the matter. The measures ordered by the Romanian government through the elaborated the Annual Transposition Plan-2021must be carefully and systematically implemented. Romania could also consider and effectively apply the examples of good practice from the other EU’s member states. The historical and the comparative methods used in this presentation reveal both the similarities between the application of this procedure in the EU Member States under review as well as the differences and its succession in time. The article is important not only for the scientists, but also for the practitioners to dispose all the necessary measures that are required.

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