scholarly journals Intergroup contact and its effects on discriminatory attitudes Evidence from India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Shed Light

The contact hypothesis posits that having diverse neighbours may reduce one’s intergroup prejudice. This hypothesis is difficult to test as individuals self-select into neighbourhoods. Using a slum relocation programme in India that randomly assigned neighbours, I examine the effects of exposure to other-caste neighbours on trust and attitudes towards members of other castes. Combining administrative data on housing assignment with original survey data on attitudes, I find evidence corroborating the contact hypothesis. Exposure to more neighbours of other castes increases inter-caste trust, support for inter-caste marriage, and the belief that caste injustice is growing. I explore the role of friendships in facilitating these favourable attitudes. The findings shed light on the positive effects of exposure to diverse social groups through close proximity in neighbourhoods.

Reducing Prejudice Through Narratives

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Moyer-Gusé ◽  
Katherine R. Dale ◽  
Michelle Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Muslim Americans ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Intergroup Interactions

Abstract. Recent extensions to the contact hypothesis reveal that different forms of contact, such as mediated intergroup contact, can reduce intergroup anxiety and improve attitudes toward the outgroup. This study draws on existing research to further consider the role of identification with an ingroup character within a narrative depicting intergroup contact between Muslim and non-Muslim Americans. Results reveal that identification with the non-Muslim (ingroup) model facilitated liking the Muslim (outgroup) model, which reduced prejudice toward Muslims more generally. Identification with the ingroup model also increased conversational self-efficacy and reduced anxiety about future intergroup interactions – both important aspects of improving intergroup relations.

scholarly journals Do Unto Others? Individual-Level Mechanisms of Political Altruism

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-443
Author(s):  
Marco Giugni ◽  
Maria T. Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Starting from a definition of altruism as situations in which a given actor sustains harm while another actor gains benefits, we compare the behaviors of respondents in relation to the members of three main groups of beneficiaries—refugees and asylum seekers, unemployed people, and people with disabilities—through the analysis of original survey data collected in eight European countries ( N ~ 16,000) in the TransSOL project. We investigate in particular the reasons why people act on behalf of each of these three groups without being a member of any of them or having close ties with any individuals in these groups. These respondents are compared with respondents who are members of these groups and/or have close ties with people within them so as to isolate the factors underlying individual-level altruistic behavior. Our results show that political altruism emerges out of a complex combination of factors and is not simply reducible to social structural positions, subjective feelings of attachment or resources, but is the result of the interaction of these influences and that these vary when looking at support for different social groups.

scholarly journals Determinants of ex-combatants’ attitudes toward transitional justice in Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 656-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Zukerman Daly
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Original Survey

This article draws on original survey data of 10,951 Colombian ex-paramilitaries to study the determinants of victimizers’ support for transitional justice. Understanding ex-combatants’ attitudes toward victims of the conflict and measures of justice is critical to gaining leverage on when transitional justice is likely to prove effective. The data suggest that former fighters’ views of transitional justice are shaped by the intimacy with which they experience transitional justice: whether they are known to, in close proximity, and accepted by the communities they victimized. Their attitudes are also constrained by the norms of justice in which they have been socialized, and by the extent of the risks to them personally: in judicial terms given their own culpability and in security terms given their vulnerability to retribution. The study has important implications for the prospects of successful transitional justice with the FARC rebels and for the consolidation of peace in Colombia.

scholarly journals Vicarious Intergroup Contact and the Role of Authorities in Prejudice Reduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Gómez ◽  
Carmen Huici
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Contact Condition ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
Authority Figure ◽  
Basketball Teams

The present study focuses on the effect of vicarious intergroup contact and the support of an authority figure on the improvement of outgroup and meta-stereotype evaluations. Meta-stereotype refers to the shared beliefs of ingroup members about how they consider outgroup members to perceive their group. Three preliminary studies were carried out to determine desirable and undesirable characteristics for a good basketball performance, the task that best demonstrates the application of these characteristics, and the two groups (basketball teams) that should be involved in the vicarious intergroup contact. Fans of one of the basketball teams participated in the current study. Vicarious intergroup contact improved outgroup and meta-stereotype evaluations as compared with a no contact condition. In addition, the positive effects of vicarious intergroup contact significantly increased when it was supported by an authority figure. More importantly, our study also shows that the improvement of outgroup evaluation was partially mediated by changes on meta-stereotypes.

Euromaidan and the Role of Protest in Democracy

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (02) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Beesley
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
Popular Opinion ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Mass Protest ◽  
Institutional Process

ABSTRACTProtest can be seen as a highly democratic expression of popular opinion. However, protest is also a non-representative, extra-institutional process for political change. In hybrid regimes, such as Ukraine, the legitimacy of effecting change through mass protest is a subject of debate. Because of the influence of mass protests in Ukrainian politics, individual views on the democratic legitimacy of protest are potentially important in perceptions of government legitimacy. Using original survey data from December 2013, this article finds that, whereas satisfaction with the functioning of democracy, partisanship, and the oft-cited regional divide are important determinants of approval for the Euromaidan protests, they do not influence how Ukrainians perceive the role of protest in a democracy. However, among those less committed to democracy, protest is more likely to be seen as illegitimate.

The Effect of Affect: Friendship, Education and Prejudice in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-169
Author(s):  
Asha Venugopalan
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Prejudicial Attitude ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Outlook

Intergroup relations are fundamentally based on the idea of ‘us’ and ‘them’, and this categorization has driven political loyalties and social ties in India, particularly the relations between Hindus and Muslims. Contemporary nationalist politics have often combined patriotic love for the country along with suspicion of minorities, particularly the Muslims. Given the history of tense relations between the Hindus and Muslims, the role of positive intergroup relations becomes paramount in sustaining peace among the groups. Based on Allport’s intergroup contact hypothesis, this article tests whether having a Muslim friend reduces prejudicial attitude among Hindus. Additionally, the article also tests the notion of education being a harbinger of liberal values and its role in reducing prejudice. The results indicate that having a Muslim friend is significantly correlated with a more positive outlook towards the Muslim community, but education does not reduce prejudice.

Content, structure, and dynamics of personal reputation: The role of trust and status potential within social networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 964-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooria Jazaieri ◽  
Maria Logli Allison ◽  
Belinda Campos ◽  
Randall C. Young ◽  
Dacher Keltner
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Content Structure ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Shed Light

In this paper we examined the content, structure, and dynamics of reputation, a person’s agreed-upon character that is constructed within social groups. In Study 1, we examined longitudinally the content and structure of an individual’s reputation as distributed across a newly forming group. In Study 2, we examined how the dynamics of reputation shape gossip, a form of reputational discourse. In keeping with theoretical claims about the function of reputation, trustworthiness and status potential proved to be central to reputation content that is shared across a social network and emerged over the course of a year (Study 1). Gossip, a form of reputational discourse, was found to focus upon individuals who are untrustworthy and of questionable and undeserved status (Study 2). We discuss how the results from these studies shed light on how reputation is essential to cooperation and cohesion within groups.

Candidates in 2013 Italian general election: evidence from the Italian Candidate Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Di Virgilio ◽  
Daniela Giannetti ◽  
Andrea Pedrazzani ◽  
Luca Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
General Election ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Party Cohesion ◽  
Original Survey

IntroduzioneChanges in electoral politics in contemporary democracies have contributed to shifting the focus of research from parties to individual candidates. The 2013 Italian Candidate Survey (ICS) has collected original survey data with the aim of gaining new insights into the role of political elites, looking in particular at the candidates running for office in the last Italian general election. Based on interviews with individual candidates, the ICS provides a tool for analysing party members; and for comparing them with voters in several ways. In this paper, we spell out the main features of our research that was conducted within the framework of a larger project that examined political representation in Italy between 2013 and 2015. Moreover, we offer three examples of potential applications of ICS data. First, we present a model of political representation favoured by Italian candidates that matches with a well-known typology of political representation. Second, we utilize our ICS data to estimate candidates’ policy preferences and to assess the level of congruence with their voters. Finally, by comparing the distribution of candidates’ self-placements and their own party mean position on the left-right scale, we show how our data can be used to explore intra-party cohesion.

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