scholarly journals Good business practices improve productivity in Myanmar’s manufacturing sector: Evidence from two matched employer–employee surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Falco ◽  
Henrik Hansen ◽  
John Rand ◽  
Finn Tarp ◽  
Neda Trifković
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Private Sector Development ◽  
Wage Regressions ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Employee Information ◽  
Entrepreneurial Training

We look into the relationship between business practices and enterprise productivity using panel data with matched employer and employee information from Myanmar. The data show that micro, small, and medium-size enterprises in Myanmar typically do only a few modern business practices. Even so, through estimates of value-added functions and labour demand relations we find a positive and economically important association between business practices and productivity. The results are confirmed when we utilize employer–employee information to estimate Mincer-type wage regressions. In combination, the value-added functions and the Mincer regressions show that at least half of the productivity gain from improved business practices stems from selection effects of employment of more productive workers. This sorting channel is important to keep in mind when supporting enterprises in Myanmar’s manufacturing sector through entrepreneurial training activities. While our results indicate that implementation of more structured business practices could be a key ingredient of a private sector development strategy in Myanmar, the full effect of such a strategy may take time to materialize. Moreover, entrepreneurial training should be accompanied by labour market initiatives aimed at improving productive matches of employers and employees.

scholarly journals Women’s Economic Empowerment in Vietnam: Performance and Constraints of Female-Led Manufacturing SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
MinhTam Bui ◽  
Trinh Q. Long
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This paper identifies whether there was a performance difference among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) led by men and by women in Vietnam during the period 2005–2013 and aims to provide explanations for the differences, if any, in various performance indicators. The paper adopts a quantitative approach using a firm-level panel dataset in the manufacturing sector in 10 provinces/cities in Vietnam in five waves from 2005 to 2013. Fixed effect models are estimated to examine the influence of firm variables and demographic, human capital characteristics of owners/managers on firms’ value added, labor productivity and employment creation. We found that men led MSMEs did not outperform those led by women on average. Although the average value added was lower for female-led firms in the informal sector, the opposite was true in the formal sector where women tend to lead medium-size firms with higher value added and labor productivity. The performance disparity was more envisaged across levels of formality and less clear from a gender perspective. Moreover, while firms owned by businessmen seemed to create more jobs, firms owned by women had a higher share of female employees. No significant difference in business constraints faced by women and by men was found.

Adapting the scrum methodology for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaboration

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mollahoseini Ardakani ◽  
Seyyed Mohsen Hashemi ◽  
Mohammadreza Razzazi
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Incremental Method ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Project Life Cycle ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Project Life

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an applicable method for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaborations (DIOCs) based on the scrum methodology. Design/methodology/approach The scrum methodology embedded within the context of the DIOC project life cycle was used and adapted to being usable with specific characteristics of the project. Findings In order to succeed in the highly competitive, dynamic and changing business environments, the organizations need to change their view of business practices. The transition from the traditional status of manufacturing to the inter-organizational collaborations can be one of the fundamental changes in the modern business management. The proposed method has the capability to establish DIOCs effectively and efficiently whilst guaranteeing agility, competitiveness, and risk timely management. Originality/value Establishing collaborative alliances via association of various experienced and professional organizations and producing the value-added market’s need services is an effective and efficient solution for survival of SMEs in the current competitive, dynamic and changing business environment. So far, different frameworks, reference models/architectures, and many theoretical discussions have been presented for DIOCs context, but these representations are conceptual, empirical and generic. This paper aims to propose an applicable iterative and incremental method for establishing the DIOC which guarantees the agility and risk timely management of the establishment process and promotes competitiveness of partners.

scholarly journals Industrial Policy, Industrialization and Economic Development of Kyrgyzstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Euna Lee ◽  
Jai S. Mah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Government

Kyrgyzstan pursued the market-based reform in the process of transition. Based on the literature review and statistical data covering 1990s-2010s, this paper explains economic development and industrialization of Kyrgyzstan in its transition process. The government of Kyrgyzstan promoted several priority sectors including agriculture, mining, energy, garment and agro-processing industry by industrial policy measures. There is little evidence that Kyrgyzstan has a comparative advantage in agriculture. Gold mining is expected to be depleted by 2020s. Kyrgyzstan appears to be competitive in hydroelectricity generation and agro-processing industry. Although the garment industry has led the manufacturing sector, it has been losing the foreign investors’ attention. Therefore, it is necessary for Kyrgyzstan to think of the next stage of economic development with the new industrial-led economic development strategy. The government of Kyrgyzstan may benefit from promoting value-added industries. For such value-added industries to develop, strengthening infrastructure particularly in human capital would be critical.

The Private Sector in Ethiopia’s Transformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 686-703
Author(s):  
Mulu Gebreyesus
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Private Sector Development ◽  
Economic Development Strategy ◽  
Private Sector Participation ◽  
Private Entrepreneurs

This chapter examines private-sector development in Ethiopia, focusing on the situation since the incumbent government took power in 1991 and private-sector development became an integral part of Ethiopia’s economic development strategy. Several private entrepreneurs and enterprises have emerged since the reform and are now playing a critical role in the economic development of the country. However, the private sector has not yet made strong inroads into the manufacturing sector and the export market, which are perceived as crucial for industrialization and structural transformation. This chapter thus also seeks to highlight the key constraints impeding private-sector participation in these sectors and to suggest pathways to resolve these challenges.

scholarly journals Financial Planning and Corporate Development: Attitude Analysis of Selected Enterprises in Uzbekistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Khasan Akhmedov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Financial Planning ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Corporate Development ◽  
Expansion Planning ◽  
Modern Business

Financial planning has become an integral part of corporate development strategy in businesses in developed and emerging economies. Despite the rapid spread of advanced business practices, enterprises in transition and developing economies still have been lagging behind in absorbing some elements of modern business conduct skills and methods. This weakness is visible in corporate planning and forecasting practices. Although key elements of the market economy have already been introduced and a business environment is functioning favorably, enterprises in transition economies of the post-Soviet area are facing difficulties in applying and adapting changeable and regularly updating economic climate due to changing business psychology in the society and ongoing gradual structural reforms. Entrepreneurs and finance officers possess basic knowledge and understanding of income-cost and input-output planning. But corporate and business expansion planning, forecasting and risk analysis skills are out of their capabilities when it comes to applying in decision-making processes. It should be admitted that people’s business mind changed significantly and nowadays business sector is a backbone of any post-communist or transition economy. However, it does not suffice to run the business, to stay active in the market and to keep the stable financial structure. In this paper, we examined the attitudes of decision-makers of 24 enterprises in Uzbekistan towards financial planning and its possible benefits for enterprises they are running. The Likert scale-based survey showed that attitudes towards the financial planning are positive since its effect on corporate policy matters is treated comparatively less favorable.

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Sepuluh Wirausaha Muda Tenant Program IbK STIE Ahmad Dahlan Jakarta

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Asriyal Asriyal ◽  
Sutia Budi
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Young Entrepreneurs

The purpose of this study is to: (1) review and analyze the strategies that have been implemented by 10 young entrepreneur’s Program of IbK of STIEAD Jakarta in developing their businesses over the years; (2) identify and analyze the strategies that will be run by them for the next day; (3) analyze and formulate proposals for business development strategy is relevant to young entrepreneurs run by them. The results shows, the strategy which conducted by them is actually still conventional and little is applying modern business patterns. However, they have a plan/strategy development effort that started steady state. Targets that have been set should be reassessed and to be rationalized, if the strategy is capable of being implemented. The recommendations concerned are for all tenants should have self determination for entrepreneurship, able to instill confidence, and always looking for a way out in case of a deadlock

Business Incubation in Uganda, Services, Processes and Incubatee Perceptions- A case study

10.33117/514 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-108
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Business Incubation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Networks ◽  
Private Sector Development ◽  
Statistical Inferences ◽  
Office Space ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
Entrepreneurial Training

Purpose-This paper examines the nature of services and processes of business incubation. Its specific objectives are to establish the nature of services offered by business incubation centers in Uganda, examine the incubation process and to establish the perception of business incu- batees about business incubation services using a case of FinAfrica a private social enterprise. Methodology-This paper presents findings from one incubation center FinAfrica as a case study. Ethnographic design is adopted while observation and interview methods are used to collect data. Results-Key services offered by FinAfrica incubation center include entrepreneurial training, provision of office space, legal and accounting services, mentoring, coaching, entrepreneurial networks and general office administration. The centre has a unique business incubation model which starts with motivating people to start businesses, capacity building, business registration, and ends with graduation after attaining capability for self-sustainability. Incubatees perceive the services offered by the incubation centre as helpful through training, affordable office space, entrepreneurial ecosystem and opportunities for a lean startup. Implications- While this study does not offer statistical inferences for generalisation because of the qualitative design and single case, the exploration of FinAfrica provides insights about how Incubation centers need to plan for positive and sustainable entrepreneurial impact for startups. There is need for more Government and other development partners’ involvement in business incubation and post incubation support for competiveness and growth. Originality/value- This study provides insights about the key services offered in the incubation process and provides insights into the perceived benefits of business incubation. It also contributes to literature about business incubation with practical evidence from an emerging economy whose focus is on private sector development and innovation promotion.

U.S. ELASTICITIES OF SUBSTITUTION AND FACTOR AUGMENTATION AT THE INDUSTRY LEVEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Young
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Constant Elasticity ◽  
Constant Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
First Order ◽  
Industry Level

We provide industry-level estimates of the elasticity of substitution (σ) between capital and labor in the United States. We also estimate rates of factor augmentation. Aggregate estimates are produced. Our empirical model comes from the first-order conditions associated with a constant–elasticity of substitution production function. Our data represent 35 industries at roughly the 2-digit SIC level, 1960–2005. We find that aggregate U.S. σ is likely less than 0.620. σ is likely less than unity for a large majority of individual industries. Evidence also suggests that aggregate σ is less than the value-added share-weighted average of industry σ's. Aggregate technical change appears to be net labor–augmenting. This also appears to be true for the large majority of individual industries, but several industries may be characterized by net capital augmentation. When industry-level elasticity estimates are mapped to model sectors, the manufacturing sector σ is lower than that of services; the investment sector σ is lower than that of consumption.

Implementation of lean in IT SME company: an Italian case

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Torri ◽  
Kaustav Kundu ◽  
Stefano Frecassetti ◽  
Matteo Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Lean Implementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Lean Practices

Purpose In spite of huge advancement of Lean in the manufacturing sector, its advantage in the service sector is not fully investigated. The purpose of this paper is to cover this gap in particular for the information technology (IT) sector through the implementation of the Lean philosophy in a small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME), operating in the IT sector. Design/methodology/approach A case study is conducted and following the A3 model, Lean is deployed in the case company. Data were collected through on-site interviews, waste sources were identified and then countermeasures for their reduction were proposed and adopted. Findings This study reveals that the implementation of the Lean practices in an SME operating in the IT sector offers good operative and financial results, thanks to the higher productivity obtained through the reduction of non-value-added activities. Research limitations/implications This paper reports a single case study, not enough to generalize the results. Moreover, more Lean tools and practices should be tested in IT companies to assess their effectiveness. Practical implications This paper increments the knowledge base for the application of Lean and A3 model outside the manufacturing industry. This paper should assist practitioners and consultants who have the desire to understand a better way of Lean implementation in fast-growing IT industry and in SME. Originality/value Research on Lean implementation in an SME company and in IT sector is scarce. This study aims to assess the efficiency of the adoption of Lean practices following the A3 model. The results could be highly valuable for similar companies (dimension or sector), especially those that are facing transition situations in terms of size and at the same time want to improve their operations performance, efficiency and avoid waste.

scholarly journals Sustainability and Business Outcomes in the Context of SMEs: Comparing Family Firms vs. Non-Family Firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4080 ◽  
Author(s):  
María López-Pérez ◽  
Iguácel Melero-Polo ◽  
Rosario Vázquez-Carrasco ◽  
Jesús Cambra-Fierro
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Stewardship Theory ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Business Outcomes ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Moderator Role

Society is demanding more sustainable and socially responsible business models. Therefore, the concept of sustainability has become a cornerstone to help understand the success of many firms in the current competitive context. However, the context of SMEs has received little attention thus far. In order to solve this gap this article analyses the links between sustainability practices and business outcomes—both financial and non-financial (i.e., image and reputation)—for small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs). In addition, the study strives to analyze the potential differences between family firms and non-family firms. To this end, a quantitative study is carried out using PLS techniques to analyze a sample of SME owners and managers with a view to testing the proposed model based on the Stewardship Theory and Socioemotional Wealth Theory. In this sense, our study is pioneering in that it aims to assess—from a quantitative viewpoint—the moderator role of family firms on a series of relevant sustainability-driven outcomes. The data suggest that, in SME contexts, sustainability influences the corporate reputation, brand image, and financial value of the company. Importantly, we find that the profile (family vs. non-family) of the firm moderates the links between sustainability and business outcomes. Hence, our findings have important implications for sustainability implementation in SME contexts. Finally, we provide a series of guidelines aimed at maximizing the effectiveness of sustainability-based business practices.

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