scholarly journals “Human rights” in dispute: State violence and demands for justice in a comparative perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Eilbaum
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative Perspective

This paper proposes a reflection on the “human rights” category, as a native category, endowed with local and specific meanings. Therefore, it utilizes a comparative perspective by contrast on the uses and meanings of the “state violence” category and the building of processes demanding justice in Rio de Janeiro, in comparison to Buenos Aires. Specifically, it focuses on the ethnography produced after the murder of Rio's alderwoman Marielle Franco, to propose the notion of “attack on human rights”, showing how the category has been built through an antagonistic logic in Rio de Janeiro.

Retaliation in Transitional Justice Scenarios

2016 ◽  
pp. 315-331
Author(s):  
Gustavo Rojas Paez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
South American ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Transitional Societies

This chapter discusses the role of retaliation in the Transitional Justice Scenarios of Argentina and Colombia, drawing attention to the continuation of state violence and human rights violations in these two South American countries following the implementation of legal and non- legal mechanisms of TJ. Subsequently, it attempts to demonstrate how the implementation of TJ mechanisms may fall short in preventing cycles of violence that allow powerful actors, linked to the interests of the state, to continue performing the retaliatory practices that historically caused major ‘social harm' in the transitional societies . The rationale of this article consists of two central questions: How can transitional societies deal with both the legacy and reconfiguration of state violence? Moreover, to what extent do orthodox understandings of law and TJ serve as a means for the recreation of the retaliatory practices that shaped the conflicts that TJ measures are supposed to address?

Retaliation in Transitional Justice Scenarios

2019 ◽  
pp. 511-527
Author(s):  
Gustavo Rojas Paez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
South American ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Transitional Societies

This chapter discusses the role of retaliation in the Transitional Justice Scenarios of Argentina and Colombia, drawing attention to the continuation of state violence and human rights violations in these two South American countries following the implementation of legal and non- legal mechanisms of TJ. Subsequently, it attempts to demonstrate how the implementation of TJ mechanisms may fall short in preventing cycles of violence that allow powerful actors, linked to the interests of the state, to continue performing the retaliatory practices that historically caused major ‘social harm' in the transitional societies . The rationale of this article consists of two central questions: How can transitional societies deal with both the legacy and reconfiguration of state violence? Moreover, to what extent do orthodox understandings of law and TJ serve as a means for the recreation of the retaliatory practices that shaped the conflicts that TJ measures are supposed to address?

Nigerian Islamic movement faces more marginalisation

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Military Violence ◽  
Violence Against Civilians ◽  
Direct Threat

Significance Persistent physical crackdowns against the country’s largest Shia group, and Abuja's refusal thus far to hear Zakzaky’s testimony at a forthcoming presidential panel investigating military violence against civilians, presents a serious potential flashpoint for the federal government. Impacts Despite posing little direct threat to the state, violence against IMN protests will persist. Human rights groups will use persecution of IMN members to further undermine Western backing for the Nigerian military. Unfounded fears of Shia violence will focus local resources away from more pressing priorities -- such as pastoralist-farmer conflicts.

scholarly journals VIOLÊNCIAS DO ESTADO E SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA EM MOÇAMBIQUE PÓS-INDEPENDÊNCIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Albino Massimaculo ◽  
Dijaci David Oliveira ◽  
Telma Ferreira do Nascimento Durães
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Security ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Social Tensions

Este artigo discute as práticas de violência do Estado em Moçambique. Enfatiza que desde a independência política alcançada em 1975 e posterior constituição do Estado moçambicano, os cidadãos têm questionado sobre o papel deste na segurança pública, assim como na garantia dos direitos humanos já que, em determinados momentos em que as tensões sociais se agudizam, este mesmo Estado,  por intermédio da polícia, utiliza a violência como meio para silenciá-las. Parte do pressuposto de que as diferentes práticas de violências e, particularmente, as violências do Estado têm assumido um protagonismo especial e, com ele, o agravamento do sentimento de insegurança pública. Para efetivação deste trabalho, recorreu(-se) a material bibliográfico Por fim, constata que o Estado moçambicano tem utilizado a violência como forma para reprimir essas tensões sociais.Palavras-chave: Moçambique. Segurança pública. Violência de Estado.VIOLENCE OF THE STATE AND PUBLIC SECURITY IN POST-INDEPENDENCE MOZAMBIQUEAbstractThis article, intends to discuss the practices of State violence in Mozambique. Since the political independence achieved in 1975 and the subsequent constitution of the Mozambican State, citizens have questioned its role in public security, as well as in the guarantee of human rights, since, at certain times when social tensions become more acute, this same State, through the police, uses violence as a means of silencing them. It starts from the assumption that the different practices of violence and, particularly, the violence of the State have assumed a special role and with it the aggravation of the feeling ofpublic insecurity. For the effectiveness of this work, bibliographic material of specialist authors on violence and works on the situation of public security in Mozambique from political independence to the present were used. Finally, it shows that the Mozambican State has used violence as a way to repress these social tensions.Keywords: Mozambique. Public security. State violence.

Human Rights and Maternal Health: Exploring the Effectiveness of the Alyne Decision

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Member States ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Treaty Body

Alyne da Silva Pimentel Teixeira died of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) following the stillbirth of a 27-week-old fetus on November 16, 2002 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Her death led in 2011 to the first decision of an international treaty body holding a government accountable for a preventable maternal death. The decision, Alyne da Silva Pimentel Teixeira (deceased) v. Brazil, was given by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (the Committee), established to monitor compliance by member states with the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (the Convention). The decision upheld a complaint, filed in 2007 against the state and government of Brazil, finding discrimination in the field of health care for Alyne’s avoidable maternal death, in breach of the Women’s Convention.

scholarly journals Uncovering the Reality of State Violence in Western Zimbabwe, 1982-1987

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Zhira
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Power ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
State Security ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Robert Mugabe

The Zimbabwean slate waged a sustained terror campaign in the southern and western parts of the country from 1982 to 1987. An estimated twenty thousand men, women, and children died during the campaign. Most victims were murdered by state security forces, and others succumbed to conditions of disease and deprivation. The origins, nature, and impact of this conflict are the subject of considerable contention, particularly between analysts, human rights activists, and the government of President Robert Mugabe. Official inquiries into the conduct of the state and its agents have had difficulty gaining access to relevant records, and the government has repeatedly denounced the findings of independent investigations as slanderous. The terror operation waged in Matebeleland and the Midlands provinces can be used as evidence to argue that the government of President Mugabe from early on in its rule developed a tradition of using violence and intolerance as a tool for consolidating political power.

scholarly journals Including the Excluded Lgbt+ Minority in Rio de Janeiro: How long is it going to Last?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Neide Lúcia De Oliveira Almeida ◽  
◽  
Emmanuel Paiva De Andrade ◽  
Edna Ribeiro Alves ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Sexual Diversity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The present work, which is a qualitative research, aims to present a case study on what has been done by the municipal public power through the Special Coordination for Sexual Diversity (CEDS) in terms of guaranteeing human rights and the inclusion of the LGBT+ population of the city of Rio de Janeiro, capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro, in the South-eastern region of Brazil, from 2011 to 2016. The objective is to identify the public policies and actions adopted and the impact perceived in the improvement of working conditions and quality of life for this population. Among the possible methodological variations, this article develops a case study on programs implemented by the Coordination for Sexual Diversity (CEDS) of the City Hall of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Seeking to meet the requirement of having multiple sources of evidence required by the case studies, data were collected from documentary evidence obtained at electronic websites of the city of Rio and printed articles pertinent to published achievements, as well as an in-depth interview with the coordinator responsible for the implementation and management of the programs. Steps were taken towards valuing and including LGBT+ minorities through the creation of CEDS/ Rio, which became responsible for the defense of LGBT+ Civil Rights through the care, reception and referral of complaints made by citizens in vulnerable conditions, which contributed to the per- ception of belongingness and solidarity of the State towards its citizens. Including the excluded LGBT+ minority is an example that should be followed in order inequalities are reduced in developed and underdeveloped countries. Keywords: Reducing Discrimination, Human Rights, and Inclusion of Minority, LGBT+, Gay Friendly City, and Rio de Janeiro.

scholarly journals Os replicantes de nosso tempo – a violência estatal e a negação da igualdade e dignidade humana a partir da perspectiva da teoria crítica e da distopia na ficção científica / The replicants o four time – state violence and denial of equality and human dignity from the perspective of critical theory and dystopia in science fiction

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Nelson Camatta Moreira ◽  
Ronaldo Felix Moreira Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
De Se

RESUMOO texto apresentado tem como foco a relação entre teoria crítica dos direitos humanos e a literatura especulativa, esses temas estarão voltados a apontar a constante violação a direitos como dignidade e igualdade realizada pelo próprio estado contra os grupos periféricos do país. Uma análise desse fenômeno será então apresentada juntamente a narrativas no cenário da ficção para que se possa responder à indagação a respeito da possibilidade de se tratar desse gênero literário e cinematográfico em conjunto com a mencionada teoria crítica para compreender o tratamento dado aos direitos fundamentais e apontar a existência de violações. Palavras-chave: Direitos humanos; Ficção científica; Teoria crítica.  AbstractThe presented text is focused on the relation between critical theory of human rights and speculative literature; these issues will focus on the constant violation of rights to dignity and equality held by the state itself against the peripheral groups of the country. An analysis of this phenomenon will be presented along with the narrative in fiction scenario in order to answer the question about the possibility of managing with this literary and cinematic genre and the mentioned critical theory to understand the treatment of fundamental rights and point out the existence of its violations. Keywords: Human rights; Science fiction; critical theory. 

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