Informality and Mobility in the Labor Market: A pseudopanel's approach

2017 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza ◽  
Joaquin A. Urrego ◽  
Fabiola Saavedra
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Informal Market ◽  
Pseudo Panels ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors

One of the main limitations of labor market analysis in developing countries is the lack of appropriate panel data information. This paper extends the methodology of Dang et al. (2014) to examine labor market mobility between the formal and informal sectors in Bolivia and Colombia building consistent pseudo panels from repeated cross-sectional survey data. After testing the robustness of the methodology, we identified confidence intervals for mobility’s group in Bolivia and Colombia (formal to formal, informal to informal, formal to informal and informal to formal). The results provide evidence that in Bolivia and Colombia mobility between labor sectors is relatively low, which can explain the low variability of the informality rate in those countries. Results suggest that the number of people who move to the informal sector tends to be larger than those who scape from the informal market to the formal, or at least there is more variability across years for the first ones. This implies that public policies focused on labor market in Latin America would not lead to significant improvements if mobility patterns do not change.

A Survey of Arizona Pharmacists to Identify Opportunities to Enhance Pharmacists’ Competitiveness in a Tightening Labor Market

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110007
Author(s):  
Caitlin K. Cameron ◽  
Ahmad A. Alamer ◽  
Eliane Fossati ◽  
Gamal Raslan ◽  
Tiffany Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Domains ◽  
Inpatient Settings ◽  
Employment Needs

Background: The pharmacy profession has experienced dramatic shifts in scopes of practice, services offered, and employment opportunities over the last couple decades. At the same time, the number of students graduating from pharmacy school each year has steadily increased. The combined effect of these factors is a tightening labor market. Identification of potential knowledge and skill deficits in the applicant pool will create opportunity for pharmacists to tailor their personal development and educators to design content to address contemporary needs. Objective: To determine if the current pharmacist pool meets employment needs in Arizona with respect to specific skills and knowledge. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey design, Arizona licensed pharmacists were asked to provide their perspective of the knowledge and skills of candidates for pharmacist positions within 8 skill & knowledge domains. Descriptive statistics were used for respondents’ characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression was used for association between respondent characteristics and responses. Free responses were assessed using a qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Among 685 respondents, 88% were employed, 48% had precepting experience, and 44% were involved with hiring. The majority were from chain community pharmacies (33%) and inpatient settings (22%). Management and conflict resolution skills were reported as lacking by 35% and 28% of respondents respectively; 24% reported insufficient compounding knowledge. Conclusion: Our findings suggest knowledge deficits in management, conflict resolution, and compounding. This information can be used for career planning and for educational program development or curricular enhancements. Similar studies in other regions will provide data on national needs.

Factors Influencing Physicians' Acceptance of e-Health in Developing Country

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rakibul Hoque ◽  
Adnan Albar ◽  
Jahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Personal Innovativeness

E-Health is one of the solutions to provide better access for patients and physician to healthcare facilities. In developing countries, e-Health is particularly important due to a shortage of physician and medical workers. Although most physicians in developing countries like Bangladesh acknowledge the benefits of e-Health, low adoption is not uncommon. The objective of this study is to identify the critical factors affecting e-Health adoption among physicians in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey questionnaire method was used for this study. The structural equation modeling (SEM) with the partial least square (PLS) approach was used to analyze the data. The study found that Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence and Personal Innovativeness had a significant impact on the behavioral intention to use e-Health, while Facilitating Conditions had no significant effect. The findings of this study will facilitate the degree of more acceptance of new technology by the physicians for their own betterment.

Macrosomia in 23 developing countries: an analysis of a multicountry, facility-based, cross-sectional survey

The Lancet ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 381 (9865) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Koyanagi ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Amarjargal Dagvadorj ◽  
Fumi Hirayama ◽  
Kenji Shibuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Interprofessional Education: Are we ready for it?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Rabbia Qadeer Mian
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Training Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interprofessional Learning ◽  
And Training ◽  
Parametric And Nonparametric Statistics

Interprofessional education arose as a solution to the increasing healthcare challenges occurring worldwide, however, its practice is mostly lacking in developing countries like Pakistan where the concept of IPE has yet to be formally established. The objective of this study was to assess the readiness of dental and medical postgraduates for interprofessional education and explore whether there is a difference in readiness with respect to discipline, gender, and training level. It was a cross-sectional survey was conducted at Fatima Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine and Dentistry, from August 2019 to September 2019, using the ‘readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) which was to be scored on a 5 point Likert scale. Participants included all 178 postgraduate trainees enrolled in different FCPS programs at the institute. Data were interpreted using descriptive, parametric, and nonparametric statistics.  

scholarly journals Is Living in Mwanza Region More Economically Better and Happier than Living in Kagera Region? Finite Mixture (FIMIX) Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Ntogwa N. Bundala ◽  
Deus Dominic P. Ngaruko ◽  
Timothy M. Lyanga
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Cross

The study aimed to uncover the unobserved heterogeneity of the population in Mwanza and Kagera regions. The study examined if living in Mwanza region is more economically better and happier than living in Kagera region. The cross-sectional survey research used with the cross-sectional data from 211 individuals sampled randomly from 4 districts, Nyamagana and Misungwi from Mwanza region, and Bukoba and Muleba from Kagera region. The FIMIX-PLS used to analyse the data. The study found that the population of Mwanza and Kagera regions can be grouped into two mains classes which are class one with a lower annualised income below 1.5 TZS millions per capita and a lower mean score of fundamental psychological factors for happiness (FPFH) in comparing to the class two. The class two is characterised with a higher annualised income about 2.45 TZS millions per capita and a higher mean score of FPFH in comparing to class one. The study evidenced that respondents of Mwanza region have a higher annualised income and FPFH scores than respondents of Kagera region in each class. Therefore, the study concluded that living in Mwanza region is more economically better and happier than living in Kagera region. The study recommended the immigration to seek the economic opportunity and happiness, for example immigration from Kagera region to Mwanza region or nation to nation is encouraged. Moreover, further study recommended by using a panel data to attest the posed facts because this study limited to the cross-sectional data.

A mixed-method study of quality, availability and timeliness of non-communicable disease (NCD) related data and its link to NCD prevention: Perceptions of health care workers in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Melkamu Dugassa Kassa ◽  
Jeanne Martin Grace
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Three-quarters of non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality occurs in low- and middle-income countries. However, in most developing countries, quality and reliable data on morbidity, mortality and risk factors for NCD to predict its burden and prevalence are less well understood and availability of these data is limited. To better inform policymakers and improve healthcare systems in developing countries, it is also important that these factors be understood within the context of the particular country in question. Objective: The aim of this study is to further inform practitioners in Ethiopia about the availability and status of NCD information within the Ethiopian healthcare system. Method: A mixed method research design was used with data collected from 13 public referral hospitals in Ethiopia. In phase 1 quantitative data were collected from 312 health professionals (99 physicians; 213 nurses) using a cross-sectional survey. In phase 2, qualitative data were collected using: interviews ( n = 13 physician hospital managers); and one focus group ( n = 6 national health bureau officers). Results: Results highlighted the lack of NCD morbidity, mortality and risk factor data, periodic evaluation of NCD data and standardised protocols for NCD data collection in hospitals. The study also identified similar discrepancies in the availability of NCD data and standardised protocols for NCD data collection among the regions of Ethiopia. Conclusion: This study highlighted important deficiencies in NCD data and standardised protocols for data collection in the Ethiopian healthcare system. These deficiencies were also observed among regions of Ethiopia, indicating the need to strengthen both the healthcare system and health information systems to improve evidence-based decision-making. Implications: Identifying the status of NCD data in the Ethiopian healthcare system could assist policymakers, healthcare organisations, healthcare providers and health beneficiaries to reform and strengthen the existing healthcare system.

Determinants of adoption of organic rice production: a case of smallholder farmers in Hai Lang district of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Gia Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Rice

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate factors that affect smallholders' adoption of organic rice production in the Hai Lang district of Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. A sample size of 215 was drawn from a total of 455 smallholders. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including a binary logistic regression, were used to analyse the data.FindingsThe study concludes that younger female smallholders participating in credit/training programs and community-based organisations, who have a high level of education, a large household size and more experience in rice farming, and who grow mixed crops, have a greater tendency to adopt organic rice production.Research limitations/implicationsA combination of demographic, socio-economic and institutional characteristics of rice smallholders should be considered when promoting organic rice farming practices by smallholders and when choosing organic agricultural development strategies for smallholders in developing countries.Originality/valueThis research provides significant understanding of the determinants of organic rice adoption by smallholder farmers and highlights factors that need to be considered when designing policies to enhance the uptake of organic farming in developing countries.

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