Macrosomia in 23 developing countries: an analysis of a multicountry, facility-based, cross-sectional survey

The Lancet ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 381 (9865) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Koyanagi ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Amarjargal Dagvadorj ◽  
Fumi Hirayama ◽  
Kenji Shibuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Factors Influencing Physicians' Acceptance of e-Health in Developing Country

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rakibul Hoque ◽  
Adnan Albar ◽  
Jahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Personal Innovativeness

E-Health is one of the solutions to provide better access for patients and physician to healthcare facilities. In developing countries, e-Health is particularly important due to a shortage of physician and medical workers. Although most physicians in developing countries like Bangladesh acknowledge the benefits of e-Health, low adoption is not uncommon. The objective of this study is to identify the critical factors affecting e-Health adoption among physicians in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey questionnaire method was used for this study. The structural equation modeling (SEM) with the partial least square (PLS) approach was used to analyze the data. The study found that Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence and Personal Innovativeness had a significant impact on the behavioral intention to use e-Health, while Facilitating Conditions had no significant effect. The findings of this study will facilitate the degree of more acceptance of new technology by the physicians for their own betterment.

scholarly journals Interprofessional Education: Are we ready for it?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Rabbia Qadeer Mian
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Training Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interprofessional Learning ◽  
And Training ◽  
Parametric And Nonparametric Statistics

Interprofessional education arose as a solution to the increasing healthcare challenges occurring worldwide, however, its practice is mostly lacking in developing countries like Pakistan where the concept of IPE has yet to be formally established. The objective of this study was to assess the readiness of dental and medical postgraduates for interprofessional education and explore whether there is a difference in readiness with respect to discipline, gender, and training level. It was a cross-sectional survey was conducted at Fatima Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine and Dentistry, from August 2019 to September 2019, using the ‘readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) which was to be scored on a 5 point Likert scale. Participants included all 178 postgraduate trainees enrolled in different FCPS programs at the institute. Data were interpreted using descriptive, parametric, and nonparametric statistics.  

Informality and Mobility in the Labor Market: A pseudopanel's approach

2017 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza ◽  
Joaquin A. Urrego ◽  
Fabiola Saavedra
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Informal Market ◽  
Pseudo Panels ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors

One of the main limitations of labor market analysis in developing countries is the lack of appropriate panel data information. This paper extends the methodology of Dang et al. (2014) to examine labor market mobility between the formal and informal sectors in Bolivia and Colombia building consistent pseudo panels from repeated cross-sectional survey data. After testing the robustness of the methodology, we identified confidence intervals for mobility’s group in Bolivia and Colombia (formal to formal, informal to informal, formal to informal and informal to formal). The results provide evidence that in Bolivia and Colombia mobility between labor sectors is relatively low, which can explain the low variability of the informality rate in those countries. Results suggest that the number of people who move to the informal sector tends to be larger than those who scape from the informal market to the formal, or at least there is more variability across years for the first ones. This implies that public policies focused on labor market in Latin America would not lead to significant improvements if mobility patterns do not change.

A mixed-method study of quality, availability and timeliness of non-communicable disease (NCD) related data and its link to NCD prevention: Perceptions of health care workers in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Melkamu Dugassa Kassa ◽  
Jeanne Martin Grace
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Three-quarters of non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality occurs in low- and middle-income countries. However, in most developing countries, quality and reliable data on morbidity, mortality and risk factors for NCD to predict its burden and prevalence are less well understood and availability of these data is limited. To better inform policymakers and improve healthcare systems in developing countries, it is also important that these factors be understood within the context of the particular country in question. Objective: The aim of this study is to further inform practitioners in Ethiopia about the availability and status of NCD information within the Ethiopian healthcare system. Method: A mixed method research design was used with data collected from 13 public referral hospitals in Ethiopia. In phase 1 quantitative data were collected from 312 health professionals (99 physicians; 213 nurses) using a cross-sectional survey. In phase 2, qualitative data were collected using: interviews ( n = 13 physician hospital managers); and one focus group ( n = 6 national health bureau officers). Results: Results highlighted the lack of NCD morbidity, mortality and risk factor data, periodic evaluation of NCD data and standardised protocols for NCD data collection in hospitals. The study also identified similar discrepancies in the availability of NCD data and standardised protocols for NCD data collection among the regions of Ethiopia. Conclusion: This study highlighted important deficiencies in NCD data and standardised protocols for data collection in the Ethiopian healthcare system. These deficiencies were also observed among regions of Ethiopia, indicating the need to strengthen both the healthcare system and health information systems to improve evidence-based decision-making. Implications: Identifying the status of NCD data in the Ethiopian healthcare system could assist policymakers, healthcare organisations, healthcare providers and health beneficiaries to reform and strengthen the existing healthcare system.

Determinants of adoption of organic rice production: a case of smallholder farmers in Hai Lang district of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Gia Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Rice

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate factors that affect smallholders' adoption of organic rice production in the Hai Lang district of Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. A sample size of 215 was drawn from a total of 455 smallholders. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including a binary logistic regression, were used to analyse the data.FindingsThe study concludes that younger female smallholders participating in credit/training programs and community-based organisations, who have a high level of education, a large household size and more experience in rice farming, and who grow mixed crops, have a greater tendency to adopt organic rice production.Research limitations/implicationsA combination of demographic, socio-economic and institutional characteristics of rice smallholders should be considered when promoting organic rice farming practices by smallholders and when choosing organic agricultural development strategies for smallholders in developing countries.Originality/valueThis research provides significant understanding of the determinants of organic rice adoption by smallholder farmers and highlights factors that need to be considered when designing policies to enhance the uptake of organic farming in developing countries.

scholarly journals PERCEPTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MALAWI: A COUNTRY CONTEXT UNDERSTANDING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Charles Mwastika
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Classical Economic

Entrepreneurship is considered a strategy for economic development, but other scholars found that it does not bring economic growth in developing countries. Although entrepreneurship has multiple perspectives, there is a lack of knowledge about prevailing perceptions and activities undertaken in developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to measure the perceptions of entrepreneurship in Malawi to have country context knowledge of the concept that guides what is undertaken as entrepreneurship. A cross-sectional survey of 337 enterprise owners and managers was undertaken using a questionnaire. Participants were requested to provide their top-of-the-mind definitions of entrepreneurship and activities their enterprises had undertaken which were considered entrepreneurial. Analyses of definitions and activities undertaken were used to draw out perceptions of entrepreneurship. The study found that starting and managing one's own business for profit, creating jobs, and being self-employed is the prevailing understanding of entrepreneurship in Malawi. The study further found low innovation among enterprises. Although the perceptions found reflect classical economic perspectives, they are inadequate to ignite economic development because of a lack of focus on innovation. The findings imply that understanding a concept is important in practice.  Therefore, stakeholders are encouraged to appraise their knowledge about entrepreneurship to align with theories where entrepreneurship is the driver of business growth and economic development. Further studies are required on the relationships between perceptions of entrepreneurship, activities undertaken, and economic development to advance entrepreneurial knowledge in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Screening Knowledge and Behavior Among Female Undergraduate Students in a Nigerian University

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 3s-3s
Author(s):  
J. Agboeze ◽  
M. Nwali ◽  
N. Ezeani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Cervical cancer is a highly preventable disease that affects women especially in developing countries. Over the years awareness and uptake of cervical cancer screening services have remained poor in developing countries. Lack of knowledge and poor attitude toward the disease and risk factors can affect screening practice and development of preventive behavior for cervical cancer. Aim: This study assessed the level of knowledge and barriers toward cervical cancer screening among female university students. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 234 female students selected by stratified random sampling techniques at Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria. A pretested questionnaire was administered to assess knowledge, attitude and screening history. Data were analyzed with Epi info version 7.1.4. Results: Participants' mean age was 22 years (SD=3). Majority of the respondents 79.5% have not heard of screening, 58.9% knew that it can be prevented, 78.5% have not heard about HPV vaccine and only 4.0% have had Papanicolaou test. Common barriers include lack of centers where such services are obtainable (88%) and fear of cancer being discovered (9%). Reported risk factors were multiple sexual partners (24.2%) and early onset of sexual intercourse (19.8%). A significant association was found between institutional and personal barriers and having a Papanicolaou test. Conclusion: Comprehensive education on cervical cancer screening in universities is critical in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer. Few screening centers have also contributed to poor cervical screening uptake.

scholarly journals Legal Framework Influence Towards E-Procurement Adoption Model in Developing Countries: Buyers’ - Suppliers’ Perception in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Deus N. Shatta ◽  
John N. Layaa ◽  
France Shayo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environment Model ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Adoption Model

The objective of this study was to fill the knowledge gap through analyzing the buyers’ and suppliers’ perception on legal framework influence towards e-procurement adoption model in developing countries, Tanzania in particular. This study was guided by Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and the Technology, Organization and Environment model. The study adopted positivism philosophy and cross-sectional survey research design. The study also used non-probability (purposive) sampling and probability (stratified) sampling techniques. Sample size was 157. Questionnaires and documentary review were used for data collection. The collected data were analysed by using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with the help of SmartPLS 3 software. Findings reveal that in the presence of performance expectancy, relative advantage and attitude, legal framework has an indirect influence towards e-Procurement Adoption Model. The findings and recommendations of this study are anticipated to improve the adoption of e-Procurement in developing countries, Tanzania in particular.

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