scholarly journals LEGAL ADMISSION OF LEGAL SOCIETY CONDUCTING THE NATIONAL PARK OF KAYAN MENTARANG (TNKM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-169
Author(s):  
Marthin Marthin ◽  
Wiwin Dwi Ratna ◽  
Yasser Arafat ◽  
Afdhal .
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
National Park ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
Legal Fact ◽  
Legal Consequences

 ABSTRACT The Kayan Mentarang National Park (KNPM) area located in the Heart of Borneo (HoB) in North Kalimantan lives various Dayak sub-tribes. They inhabit and keep the forest so that the forest remains safe and sustainable. Indigenous and tribal peoples who have customary forest areas in which their status of appointment as KMNP initially may receive, so that the process can continue in the inaugural process. But with the development of information and circumstances the situation was changed and now the indigenous people reject the pegat which will be doneThe legal issues that serve as the purpose of this paper are: the recognition of traditional rights of indigenous and tribal communities and the recognition of local wisdom in the management of Kayan Mentarang National Park. Using the normative juridical and customary law approaches that this method is expected to address the issue of law.The dynamics of the development of society and law can change the legal status of both government and customary law community to a legal fact. Forests as natural resources and the environment are constitutionally the government's obligation to regulate them. Inauguration of customary forest as a national park brings legal consequences to rights and obligations. Implementation of laws and regulations is limited by Human Rights. It is necessary to harmonize the law, so that both the interests of indigenous and tribal peoples, as the inhabitants as well as the natural resources, the environment, and the biodiversity as the interests of mankind are not mutually harmful. Keywords: Customary Law Community, Traditional Rights, National Park

Defining ‘People’ and ‘Indigenous People’ in International Human Rights Law and Its Application in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-408
Author(s):  
M. Ya’kub Aiyub Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
International Law ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Third World

This article investigates the problem of defining ‘people’ and ‘indigenous people’ under the International Human Rights Covenants and their application in the Indonesian context. Using analyses based on the Third World Approach to International Law (twail), this article shows the problems facing Indonesia in identifying indigenous peoples as traditional peoples, in terms of being isolated peoples (Masyarakat Hukum Adat, hereafter mha), and the non-isolated indigenous peoples who were sovereign before the independence of Indonesia. This interpretation has been confusing in relation to the entitlement to natural resources. Therefore, this article proposes a new understanding of indigenous peoples, in order to arrive at better treatment and recognition and in terms of sharing power and the benefits of natural resources in the Indonesian system.

scholarly journals Protecting expressions of Folklore within the Right to Culture in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Enyinna Sodienye Nwauche
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
The Right

This paper explores the protection of expressions of folklore within the right to culture in Africa by considering three issues, which are the increased understanding of the right to culture in national constitutions and the recognition that customary law is a manifestation of the right to culture; an expanded understanding of the substantive content of the article 15(1) of the International Covenant for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as part of the right to culture; and the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples marked significantly by the 2007 United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous People. The paper demonstrates how a human rights regime may assist in overcoming some of the deficiencies in the national protection of expressions of folklore in Africa.

scholarly journals Penguatan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa dari Perspektif Kajian Yuridis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-104
Author(s):  
Mulyanto
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Village

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan penguatan masyarakat hukum adat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini menempatkan sistem norma dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa sebagai objek kajian. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dar bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik analisis data secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan theoritical interpretatif dengan menafsirkan data yang dikumpulkan berdasarkan teori sebagai kerangka berpikir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan masyarakat hukum adat telah dijamin dalam Konstitusi baik itu UUD 1945 Pra Amendemen maupun UUD 1945 Pasca Amendemen. Penguatan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dalam UU No. 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa dengan menganut asas rekognisi yang merupakan asas pengakuan dan penghormatan negara terhadap kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat berupa otonomi komunitas. Implikasinya terjadi peningkatan status hukum dari kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat menjadi desa adat dengan status sebagai subjek hukum. Kebijakan penguatan masyarakat hukum adat tersebut secara formil masih membutuhkan political will pemerintah daerah dan inisasi Masyarakat Hukum Adat untuk mengikuti prosedur menjadi Desa Adat. The objective of research to describe the understanding of indigenous people in Act No. 6 of 2014 concerning the village. The method used is the method descriptive normative law. This study puts the system of norms in Act No. 6 of 2014 on the village as an object of study. This study uses secondary data consisting dar primary legal materials and secondary law. Qualitative data analysis techniques using interpretative theoritical to interpret the data collected under the theory as a framework. The results showed that the recognition of indigenous people has been guaranteed in the Constitution is the Constitution of 1945 Before the Amendment and the Constitution of 1945 After the changes. Strengthening indigenous people in uUndang Act No. 6 of 2014 with the principles of recognition which is a principle of recognition and respect for the state of the law community unit in the form of community autonomy. The implication an increase in the legal status of customary law community unit into a traditional village with its status as a legal subject. Strengthening public policy formally customary law still requires the political will of local governments and the initiation indigenous people to follow the procedure becomes a traditional village.

scholarly journals PIDANA MATI BAGI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI MENURUT SISTEM HUKUM DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afdhal Askar
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
The Republic

The development of Corruption Crimes has a widespread adverse impact on the lives of Indonesian people life. To stop this, it is needed to be taken a variety of extraordinary efforts including by implementing capital punishment for perpetrators, especially related to criminal acts of corruption that concern to many people that occur when the country is in danger. Even so, not all people agree with the application of capital punishment because it is considered to be conflict with Human Rights, the Constitution of the Republic Indonesia and Pancasila. To analyze these legal issues, various efforts can be taken such as seeing the meaning of the nature of human rights in the perspective of national and international law, interpreting legal norms using appropriate interpretation methods and seeing the existence of capital punishment in the perspective of religious law and customary law. Writing in this study uses a normative juridical approach with the type of data in the form of secondary data which comes from primary legal material and secondary legal material. The writing is done descriptively.

scholarly journals Indigenous Sanction of Expulsion in Central Aceh District (Human Rights Perspective)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-272
Author(s):  
Valentina Shanty ◽  
Adwani Adwani ◽  
Azhari Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Aceh Province

Aceh Province as an Islamic Sharia Regional has culture and customs based on the values of the Quran and Hadith. For the Acehnese people, customs and laws cannot be totally separated that Acehnese customary law continues to grow until the birth of Acehnese Qanun Number 9 of 2008 concerning the Development of Indigenous and Customary Life. In the implementation, the customary sanctions experience some obstacles due to their unwritten characteristic that made them slightly shifted by the presence of national law. As what happens nowadays in Central Aceh District which is famous with its traditional values, there found legal issues for the customary instrument (Sarak Opat) when the customary sanctions considered discriminatory and arbitrary. Therefore, the settlement of customary disputes must be in accordance with humanitarian principles prioritizing the principle of deliberation and peace although many obstacles still exist at the level of implementation because of lack of understanding by both community and customary instruments related to the implementation of customary itself.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Customary Law to Protect Natural Resources in The National Park in Central Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199
Author(s):  
Agus Lanini Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
National Park ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Natural Resource Conservation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Most of the local communities living around the forest fulfil their daily needs, depending on the forest resources, but the government and even global policy have enacted the forest as a protected area or national park. The purpose of this research is to understand and explain the principles of customary law concerning the natural resources that exist in the national park, and to determine the effectiveness of customary law in protecting these natural resources. The research method applied to explore community values and attitudes is socio-legal. The research revealed society's habits through exploration, and norms and the rule of law are embraced. Some principles of customary law on natural resources include palia (taboo)  and ombo (prohibition) pertinent to natural resource conservation. Both of these principles are adhered to and have been hereditary. The values on utilising natural resources are still complied with (effective), although state law takes a formal approach for any infringement surrounding the national park. However, customary law principles still always need to be a source for environmental or related law.

scholarly journals Makna Moderasi dalam Ritual Ngareremokeun Masyarakat Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Lebak-Banten

SMART ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-229
Author(s):  
Mahmudah Nur ◽  
Novita Siswayanti ◽  
Nurrahmah Nurrahmah
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Cultural Element ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

The Ngareremokeun ritual is a form of indigenous community belief in the Kasepuhan Cisungsang who live around the Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS) Lebak Regency, Banten Province toward customary law as the embodiment of ancestral mandates. The Ngareremokeun tradition is also evidence of various cultures acculturation without eliminating another cultural element. This paper aims to understand the meaning of moderation as reflected in the Ngareremokeun ritual and to show its relevance to the context of the community that owns the tradition and Indonesian society in general. This descriptive study emphasizes on qualitative data with a structuralist approach that aims to describe the moderation values reflected in the Ngareremokeun ritual. Data was collected through interviews with cultural actors and direct observation on the Ngareremokeun ritual. The results of this study indicate that the Ngareremokeun ritual is the evidence of knowledge resource and cultural expression of indigenous people in the Kasepuhan Cisungsang to maintain the sustainability of their traditions. The meaning of the symbols embodied in this tradition, the moderation values in the Ngareremokeun ritual is appropriate with the four indicators of religious moderation, namely national commitment, tolerance, non-violence, and accommodating to local culture. The moderation value can also be found in the attitudes and behavior of the Ngararemokeun’s actors and the indigenous people in Kasepuhan Cisungsang.

scholarly journals Jaminan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Peristiwa Manak Salah di Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Putu Endra Wijaya Negara ◽  
A.A. Gede Oka Parwata
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Housing Facilities

This study aims to determine the arrangement of customary traditions based on Indonesian law and to understand the guarantee of Human Rights in the Manak Salah Tradition in Bali. The method used in research related to human rights assurance in the Manak Salah Tradition in Bali uses normative juridical legal research, using a statutory approach or a statute approach to analyze legal issues in this study. Sources of legal materials in this study consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study found that human rights guarantee in the Manak Salah Tradition in Bali basically have to be uniform. This is because a tradition will be very difficult to erase, this is because customary law is recognized in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 18B paragraph (2) even though customary law cannot conflict with national law. So that in order to guarantee human rights from the wrong tradition, special arrangements are needed in the form of proper housing facilities, visited by other village krama, provision of MCK facilities, assisted with readiness by all village manners as a whole so as to help ease the burden on the family who is subject to sanctions, help ease the family. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan tradisi adat berdasarkan Hukum Indonesia serta memahami jaminan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dalam Tradisi Manak Salah di Bali. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian terkait jaminan HAM dalam Tradisi Manak Salah di Bali ini mempergunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan atau statute approach dan pendekatan konseptual atau conceptual approach untuk menganalisis isu hukum dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari studi ini menemukan jika jaminan HAM dalam Tradisi Manak Salah di Bali pada dasarnya harus dilakukan penyeragaman. Hal ini dikarenakan suatu tradisi akan sangat sulit untuk dihapuskan, hal ini dikarenakan hukum adat diakui dalam UUD NRI 1945 Pasal 18B ayat (2)  meskipun hukum adat tidak boleh berlawanan dengan hukum positif Indonesia. Sehingga untuk menjamin HAM dari tradisi manak salah diperlukan pengaturan secara khusus berupa fasilitas perumahan yang layak, dikunjungi oleh krama desa yang lain, penyediaan fasilitas MCK, dibantu kesiapannya oleh seluruh krama desa secara keseluruhan sehingga membantu meringankan beban pihak keluarga yang terkena sanksi, membantu meringankan keluarga.

Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Traditional Lands and Exploitation of Natural Resources: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights’ Safeguards

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-253
Author(s):  
Alejandro Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Social Impact Assessment ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
Economic Survival ◽  
Communal Property ◽  
The Right

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (I-ACtHR) has developed remarkable jurisprudence for the protection of the right to communal property of indigenous and tribal communities with respect to the ancestral lands that they possess and traditionally used-natural resources, in order to guarantee their cultural and economic survival in the Americas. This article critically analyses the legal regime applicable for the protection of the right to traditional communal property of indigenous and tribal peoples in the Americas, its connection with their right to cultural identity, and the right to a dignified life. In particular, it pays specific attention to the right to effective participation and consultation of the indigenous communities affected; the obligation to share reasonable benefits with these communities; and the elaboration of a prior environmental and social impact assessment of any development investments, exploration or extraction plans.

scholarly journals Unresolved Injustice: An Examination of Indigenous Legal Issues in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Rachael Asher
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Indigenous Property Rights ◽  
The Impact

Indigenous legal issues are to some extent a neglected and misunderstood subject in the Australian political and legal sphere. Where there is unresolved injustice, there is suffering. Similarly, where there is misunderstanding, there is ignorance. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore Indigenous legal issues and potential solutions through an examination and analysis of relevant sources. The subjects of discussion in this paper include the limited extent that Aboriginal customary law is recognised under Commonwealth law; the impact of Australian law on Indigenous people; the over-representation of Indigenous people in the criminal justice system; the inadequate state of Indigenous property rights; and comparative law methodology.

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