scholarly journals Corruption contagion as a sociocultural phenomenon: An agent-based model

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Lari Arthur Viianto ◽  
Coralia Azucena Quintero-Rojas ◽  
Erick Alejandro Alvarado-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Corruption is a social problem that seriously affects the functioning of society and in some cases, it is even perceived as an acceptable social behavior. The acceptance or rejection of corruption depends both on the own judgment and on the observed behavior in the environment; so that corruption can be spread or eradicated through social interaction. In this work, we study the convergence dynamics of society towards honesty in view of the implementation of two mechanisms: the modification of the individual perception of corruption; and the complaint of corruption. Since corruption is a complex socioeconomic phenomenon, we study it from the perspective of Agent-Based Modeling. The framework of our analysis is corruption in public administration, which is the one that has the most incidence in Mexico. We found that the mechanism that most favors the eradication of corruption is the complaint. Results also suggest that societies can converge towards honesty even when initial corruption is high, but not majority. Unfortunately, the low credibility in the system discourages reporting, so effective implementation and monitoring of reporting, together with fostering social awareness that corruption affects us all, should be promoted.

Agent-based economic models and econometrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Heng Chen ◽  
Chia-Ling Chang ◽  
Ye-Rong Du
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Computational Finance ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Stages

AbstractThis paper reviews the development of agent-based (computational) economics (ACE) from an econometrics viewpoint. The review comprises three stages, characterizing the past, the present, and the future of this development. The first two stages can be interpreted as an attempt to build the econometric foundation of ACE, and, through that, enrich its empirical content. The second stage may then invoke a reverse reflection on the possible agent-based foundation of econometrics. While ACE modeling has been applied to different branches of economics, the one, and probably the only one, which is able to provide evidence of this three-stage development is finance or financial economics. We will, therefore, focus our review only on the literature of agent-based computational finance, or, more specifically, the agent-based modeling of financial markets.

TRADER SPECIES WITH DIFFERENT DECISION STRATEGIES AND PRICE DYNAMICS IN FINANCIAL MARKETS: AN AGENT-BASED MODELING PERSPECTIVE

2010 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 327-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI ZHANG ◽  
GEN LI ◽  
XIONG XIONG ◽  
YONG JIE ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Asset Price ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Price Dynamics ◽  
Trading Behavior ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Price Process ◽  
Trading Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Investors with different trading strategies can be viewed as different "species" in financial markets. Since the asset price is ultimately determined by the individual trading decisions, the combination and evolution of different trader species in financial market ecology will have great impact to the price dynamics. Considering the limitations and shortcomings of traditional analytical approaches in financial economics in dealing with this issue, an agent-based computational model is introduced in this paper. With the co-existence of 3-type trader species that make different decisions based on their own beliefs and constrains, it is found that although rational speculation destabilizes the price process with the presence of positive feedback strategy, as suggested in the literature, introducing extra noise trading behavior to the market will make the price process back to a more stationary situation, meaning that the market will be healthier if more diversified trader species co-exist in the markets.

scholarly journals A hierarchical multi-resolution agent-based modeling and simulation framework for household electricity demand profile

SIMULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 655-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Mahmood ◽  
Quair-tul-ain ◽  
Hasan Arshad Nasir ◽  
Fahad Javed ◽  
José A Aguado
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Domestic Electricity

Analyzing demand behavior of end consumers is pivotal in long term energy planning. Various models exist for simulating household load profiles to cater different purposes. A macroscopic viewpoint necessitates modeling of a large-scale population at an aggregate level, whereas a microscopic perspective requires measuring loads at a granular level, pertinent to the individual devices of a household. Both aspects have lucrative benefits, instigating the need to combine them into a modeling framework which allows model scalability and flexibility, and to analyze domestic electricity consumption at different resolutions. In this applied research, we propose a multi-resolution agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) framework for estimating domestic electricity consumption. Our proposed framework simulates per minute electricity consumption by combining large neighborhoods, the behavior of household individuals, their interactions with the electrical appliances, their sociological habits and the effects of exogenous conditions such as weather and seasons. In comparison with the existing energy models, our framework uniquely provides a hierarchical, multi-scale, multi-resolution implementation using a multi-layer architecture. This allows the modelers flexibility in order to model large-scale neighborhoods at one end, without any loss of expressiveness in modeling microscopic details of individuals’ activities at house level, and energy consumption at the appliance level, at the other end. The validity of our framework is demonstrated using a case study of 264 houses. A validated ABMS framework will support: (a) Effective energy planning; (b) Estimation of the future energy demand; (c) and the analysis of the complex dynamic behavior of the consumers.

scholarly journals Cybernetics Approach Using Agent-Based Modeling in the Process of Evacuating Educational Institutions in Case of Disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10277
Author(s):  
Ștefan Ionescu ◽  
Ionuț Nica ◽  
Nora Chiriță
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust System ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
System A ◽  
The People ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

In the context of an emergency, evacuating people from a location in the shortest possible time is essential, as is the high degree of safety that people should expect when evacuating. Lately, in Romania there have been more and more fire events generated by different causes. This article will use agent-based modeling to simulate an emergency evacuation model in NetLogo. The model has been used to perform and analyze various scenarios. With the help of NetLogo, we managed to perform 400 simulations with the evacuation of 180 people (students, teachers, and non-teaching staff) based on which we developed several recommendations to streamline the evacuation process in order to reduce the possibility of death. The present research will help to identify the evacuation times from a school, but it will also highlight certain aspects that may occur during the evacuation. The model that was used in this research took into account the individual particularities of the people taking part in the evacuation, emphasizing the effects that form in a crowd of people when evacuating; effects such as the funnel effect, which is caused by the formation of bottlenecks around narrow areas. All these things are part of the analysis of the measurement of entropy of the exhaust system, a problem that has captured all of the specialists’ attention. Finally, solutions have been proposed to improve evacuation time in case of disasters.

scholarly journals Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Analyse von Holzmärkten

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (10) ◽  
pp. 396-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Olschewski ◽  
Oliver Thees
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Behavioural Economics ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Individual Behaviour ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Real Market ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Forest Economic

Chances and limits of the analysis of wood markets Recent approaches of behavioural economics and agent-based modeling can enhance knowledge about market processes and results and widen the focus for the assessment of future market developments by emphasising the individual behaviour of market participants and scenario techniques. In this article we resume possible contributions of the particular approaches to better describe, explain and forecast real market developments. The exposition is based on state-of-the-art knowledge and reflects insights gained during the 8th Forest Economic Seminar in autumn 2011, where researchers and practitioners presented their findings.

scholarly journals Applicability of an agent-based modeling concept to modeling of transportation phenomena

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Kikuchi ◽  
Jongho Rhee ◽  
Dusan Teodorovic
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Transportation Problems ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
The Individual

Today's transportation problems are found in the complex interactions of social, financial, economic, political, and engineering issues. The traditional approach to analyzing transportation problems has been the top-down approach, in which a set of overall objectives is defined and specific parts are fitted in the overall scheme. The effectiveness of this analysis process has been challenged when many issues need to be addressed at once and the individual parts participants to decisions have greater autonomy. A factor contributing to this phenomenon is the greater opportunity and power for individual parts to communicate and to interact with one another. As a result, it has become increasingly difficult to predict or control the overall performance of a large system, or to diagnose particular phenomena. In the past decade, the concept of agent-based modeling has been developed and applied to problems that exhibit a complex behavioral pattern. This modeling approach considers that each part acts on the basis of its local knowledge and cooperates and/or competes with other parts. Through the aggregation of the individual interactions, the overall image of the system emerges. This approach is called the bottom-up approach. This paper examines the link between today's transportation problems and agent-based modeling, presents the framework of agent based modeling, notes recently used examples applied to transportation, and discusses limitations. The intent of this paper is to explore a new avenue for the direction of modeling and analysis of increasingly complex transportation systems.

A narrative review of the use of agent-based modeling in health behavior and behavior intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Behavior Intervention ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Health Behavior Intervention ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

The application of ABMs have provided insights on health behavior intervention, but their potential has been not fully explored due to our limited knowledge of behaviors at the individual level.

Fujita and Ogawa Revisited: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J Heikkila ◽  
Yiming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Location Decisions ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Bidding Behavior ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Market Interactions ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Classic Paper

This paper builds on and extends a classic paper (hereafter referred to as F–O) published by Masahisa Fujita and Hideaki Ogawa in 1982. Their paper models the emergence of urban centers brought about by household and firm location decisions in the context of spatially differentiated labor and land market interactions. Their approach is an analytical one that seeks to characterize the equilibrium values of the system. In contrast, we employ an agent-based modeling (ABM) approach that seeks to replicate the individual household and firm behaviors that lead to equilibrium or nonequilibrium outcomes. The F–O model has little to say about what happens outside of equilibrium, while the ABM approach is preoccupied with this question and is particularly well suited to address questions of path dependency and bounded rationality that lie well beyond the scope of the F–O original. We demonstrate that the urban outcomes that emerge depend critically upon the bidding behavior of agents and the institutional context within which their decisions are made.

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