scholarly journals Standards Role in Support of State Regulation of Water/economic Activities

2015 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Detection And Identification

Upgrading of the national standardization system creates favorable conditions for support and normal promotion of integrated environmental standards as a toolbox for control of the process of minimization of adverse impacts with their concurrent accounting and possible redistribution among the environment elements, i.e. air, water bodies, and soils. In the Russian practice of environmental protection there is no any objective toolbox for comprehensive assessment of the current activities’ negative impact. In outlook adoption of the negative impact minimization mechanism is most probable through the many-year benchmarking with European expertise based on the revealing of cause-eff ect relations in terms of «relative improvement of technique against the attained quality of environment (objectives)». Water bodies are subjected both to direct and indirect negative impact. There is no one method for assessment of water bodies’ environmental safety as a basis for adoption of adequate solutions in water sector. The developed standards on the basis of water/economic activities without considerable emissions to air and to soils propose a toolbox to secure uniform quantitative assessment both the techniques negative impact through assessment of their waste water quality and assessment of water quality of the receiving water body. The developed toolbox provides detection of the «negative impact – water body water quality» causeeffect relations. Integrated criteria proposed in the standards provide ranking and classifying of negative impact objects, detection and identification of the national water/economic best available techniques, implementation of the combined approach in the process of adoption of integrated environmental permissions.

scholarly journals Use of Quality Integrated Criteria for Water/economic Activities Environmental Safety Assessment

2015 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Water Users ◽  
General Action

Integrated quality criteria have been developed. Th ey can be used for assessment of both water bodies’ water quality and waste waters treatment technique quality. Techniques’ quality is to be determined by indirect assessment of their technical level by the discharged waste water quality with the use of the proposed criteria: anthropogenic load indicator, impact potential in terms of negative impact, discharges impact index, etc. Practical signifi cance of the developed integrated quality criteria has been shown in the process of fi nding and identifi cation of techniques as the best available ones while including them in national reference books, ranking of water users in terms of their negative impact rate, assessment of water body water quality and water body degrading degree. Th e proposed toolbox will provide formation of uniform, simple and transparent system of accounting of negative impact consequences and water use regulation, use of the objectively justifi ed costs for adoption of the best available techniques, and justifi cation of general action norms.

scholarly journals Resource-Efficient Methods to Facilitate the Preservation of a Reservoir's Self-Cleaning Potential

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy V. Chelnokov ◽  
Aleksey V. Matasov ◽  
Elena Zabolotnaya ◽  
Anna S. Makarova ◽  
Andrey N. Glushko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Self Cleaning

The aim of this research was to develop environmental methods for the restoration and rehabilitation of Moscow’s water bodies. A number of methods are recommended. These can help to improve the environmental condition and water quality of water bodiesin Moscow. Keywords: ehabilitation of water body, engineering biology, environmental preservation

scholarly journals Small Water Body Detection and Water Quality Variations with Changing Human Activity Intensity in Wuhan

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Lingjun Wang ◽  
Wanjuan Bie ◽  
Haocheng Li ◽  
Tanghong Liao ◽  
Xingxing Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Small Water Body ◽  
Water Indices ◽  
Small Water Bodies

Small water bodies ranging in size from 1 to 50,000 m2, are numerous, widely distributed, and have various functions in water storage, agriculture, and fisheries. Small water bodies used for agriculture and fisheries are economically significant in China, hence it is important to properly identify and analyze them. In remote sensing technology, water body identification based on band analysis, image classification, and water indices are often designed for large, homogenous water bodies. Traditional water indices are often less accurate for small water bodies, which often contain submerged or floating plants or easily confused with hill shade. Water quality inversion commonly depends on establishing the relationship between the concentration of water constituents and the observed spectral reflectance. However, individual variation in water quality in small water bodies is enormous and often far beyond the range of existing water quality inversion models. In this study, we propose a method for small water body identification and water quality estimation and test its applicability in Wuhan. The kappa coefficient of small water body identification is over 0.95, and the coefficient of determination of the water quality inversion model is over 0.9. Our results show that the method proposed in this study can be employed to accurately monitor the dynamics of small water bodies. Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the intensity of human activities decreased. As a response, significant changes in the water quality of small water bodies were observed. The results also suggest that the water quality of small water bodies under different production modes (intensive/casual) respond differently in spatial and temporal dimensions to the decrease in human activities. These results illustrate that effective remote sensing monitoring of small water bodies can provide valuable information on water quality.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of land use and land cover dynamics on water quality of Dal Lake, NW Himalaya, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishtiyaq Ahmad Rather ◽  
Abdul Qayoom Dar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Dal Lake

Abstract A dynamic process like land use, if anthropogenically unsustainable, adversely affects the well-being of the land system. Worldwide, water bodies are facing imminent threat due to unsustainable anthropogenic activities. Water quality and ecology are the two characteristics of water bodies, if not preserved, shall have a direct consequence on the well-being of the human systems. Hence it is essential to understand the causes and consequences of the deteriorating water body systems. The condition is particularly grim in Himalayan water body ecosystems, where unplanned and unchecked urbanization has threatened their very existence. In the present study, the dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) and its impact on the water quality of Dal Lake in Kashmir Himalaya, India has been assessed. We carried out a detailed study wherein changing LULC is analyzed against the deteriorating trophic status of the Dal Lake using time-series of satellite imagery of the lake’s catchment and its water quality data. Results indicated that the water quality of Dal Lake has remarkably deteriorated due to increased nutrient and sediment loads from the catchment, attributed to significant anthropogenic activities in the catchment. Due to unprecedented LULC changes in the catchment, the forest class shows a significantly negative change since the last four decades (1980–2018), corroborating with the ongoing deterioration of physicochemical characteristics of the lake. The analysis shows an increase in all the agents of eutrophication, such as NO3–N, TP, and COD, from 1990 to 2018. The decrease in forest, agriculture, and floating gardens was observed to show a significant negative correlation with the increase in the decadal average values of the COD, NO3–N, and TP for the same corresponding period. Similarly, a positive correlation was found between the increase in built-up, aquatic vegetation, bare surfaces, and these water quality parameters, establishing a strong relationship between the deteriorating condition of the lake and changing LULC. Our findings indicate that changing LULC of the lake’s catchment is one of the critical factors that has significantly contributed toward the deteriorating ecology and water quality of the Dal Lake. This study shall contribute toward the development of the robust conservation strategy in order to save this urban lake from its untimely death.

scholarly journals Technological Norms and Quality Objectives for Surface Waters

2015 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Analysis of the Russian legislation novels aimed at implementation of norms of impact upon environment at the best available techniques level applied to surface water bodies has been presented. It is noted that acting regulations do not completely secure realization of the combined approach to water resources management. In particular, there are no mechanisms to create incentives for further reduction of pollutants discharge to water bodies in case when the best available techniques do not secure attainment of water quality norms or the water body status objectives, when surface water bodies water quality norms accounting their natural and anthropogenic features stipulated by the acting Russian legislation are not yet developed. Proposals on accounting of objectives concerning the surface water body status in the process of regulating impacts upon it on the basis of technological norms and norms of permissible discharge have been made: to calculate surface water bodies water quality objective with taking into account natural and unavoidable anthropogenic factors according the proposed algorithm; when calculating norms of permissible impact to use objectives instead of water quality norms till up to development and approval of the latter (in accordance with the standing legislation); when delivering integrated environmental permissions it is necessary to take into account the norms of permissible impact but not only to observe the technological norms. The recommended procedure of obtaining an integrated environmental permission and setting of provisionally permitted discharge volume for water users discharging waste water to surface water bodies has been described. Proposals on elaboration of the legislative basis have been made.

Management and Status of Japanese Public Waters

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Goda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Japanese Rivers ◽  
Per Capita

The management and status of public water bodies in Japan is discussed. The environmental quality standards which have been set and the levels of compliance with these standards are shown. The water quality of Japanese rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands and coastal waters is described, and eutrophication problems are mentioned. The effects of changes in population density and levels of recycling of industrial wastewaters on the quality of water bodies are discussed. Almost 75% of industrial wastewater is now recycled. Per capita availability of freshwater in Japan is comparatively low, and the construction of 530 dams, in addition to the 2393 dams already in operation, is planned. Irrigation effluents from paddy fields are a major factor which influences river water quality in Japan. The improvement of water quality using various methods is discussed.

Development of Dialog System Model for Eutrophication Control between Discharging River Basin and Receiving Water Body – Case Study of Lake Sagami (Japan)

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1821-1824
Author(s):  
M. Suzuki ◽  
K. Chihara ◽  
M. Okada ◽  
H. Kawashima ◽  
S. Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Expert System ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Receiving Water

A computer program based on expert system software was developed and proposed as a prototype model for water management to control eutrophication problems in receiving water bodies (Suzuki etal., 1988). The system has several expert functions: 1. data input and estimation of pollution load generated and discharged in the river watershed; 2. estimation of pollution load run-off entering rivers; 3. estimation of water quality of receiving water bodies, such as lakes; and 4. assisting man-machine dialog operation. The program can be used with MS-DOS BASIC and assembler in a 16 bit personal computer. Five spread sheets are utilized in calculation and summation of the pollutant load, using multi-windows. Partial differential equations for an ecological model for simulation of self-purification in shallow rivers and simulation of seasonal variations of water quality in a lake were converted to computer programs and included in the expert system. The simulated results of water quality are shown on the monitor graphically. In this study, the expert system thus developed was used to estimate the present state of one typical polluted river basin. The river was the Katsura, which flows into Lake Sagami, a lake dammed for water supply. Data which had been actually measured were compared with the simulated water quality data, and good agreement was found. This type of expert system is expected to be useful for water management of a closed water body.

On methodological approaches to the improvement of surface water bodies and target indicators of the natural waters’ quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V. Zaslonovsky ◽  
◽  
N. Sharapov ◽  
M. Bosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

The paper is devoted to the development of proposals concerning the improvement of surface water bodies and the appointment of target indicators of the natural waters’ quality. The paper considers a variety of problems of preserving, restoring and improving the quality of natural surface waters: from regional features of the formation of natural water composition, to differences in the requirements for the quality of water consumed. The object of the study is the qualitative indicators of the waters of natural water bodies, and the subject of the study is the methodological approaches to the normalization of these indicators. The purpose of the work is to identify the main shortcomings in the domestic system of rationing the quality of natural waters, and to form appropriate proposals. For this purpose, the following tasks were set and solved: to review the methodological approaches to assessing and rationing the quality of natural waters used in some foreign countries and in the Russian Federation, to identify the main causes and shortcomings; to make proposals for improving the current system of water quality rationing. The result of this work is the conclusions about the lack of impact of the strategy operating in Russia in the development of schemes of complex use and protection of water objects, standards of permissible impact on water bodies, the appointment of permissible discharge limits in terms of maintaining and improving the water quality of natural water bodies. The reasons that led to this are indicated. The necessity of taking into account, in addition to the physical and chemical composition, also hydrobiological parameters is shown. It is concluded that instead of fisheries management standards, environmental standards should serve as the basis for target indicators of water quality of natural water bodies, which determine the well-being of humans and the stable functioning of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account regional factors. Proposals were made to adjust the methodological approaches to the implementation of this strategy. According to the authors, these proposals will speed up the solution of the main objectives of the strategy – the ecological improvement of water bodies, the preservation of unique aquatic ecosystems and the environmentally safe development of territories that previously experienced relatively small anthropogenic impacts (Eastern Siberia and the Far East)

scholarly journals Influence of the quality of drinking water supply sources on the formation of the ecologically-dependent pathology of the population of the Republic of Dagestan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
M. G. Daudova ◽  
R. B. Bagomedova ◽  
K. K. Bekshokov ◽  
M. M. Medzhidova ◽  
S. M. Nakhibashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
The Republic

Aim. Study of the influence of drinking water quality on the ecologically-dependent morbidity of the population of the Republic of Dagestan.Material and Methods. Methods of current and retrospective analysis of regional health indicators and methods of mathematical-statistical and medical-geographical analysis were used. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the STATISTICA and Excel software packages. When carrying out laboratory studies on the quality of drinking water, we used a Lumex atomic absorption spectrometer "MGA-915MD".Results. Numerous hygiene studies indicate the direct impact of unsatisfactory drinking water quality on the health of a population. The relationship between sanitary and chemical indicators and the incidence rate for a number of nosological forms has been proven. It is generally accepted that human health is influenced by lifestyle factors (working, living and relaxation conditions), heredity and the ecological condition of the area of residence, including the quality of drinking water. Although it is not possible to differentiate the share of the negative effect caused by the consumption of poor quality drinking water but the incidence of certain nosological forms (cancer of the esophagus, gastrointestinal tract and kidney diseases) in the those regions of the Republic of Dagestan under consideration correlates with the characteristics of drinking water.Conclusion. The problem of pollution of water supply sources for the population in the dynamics of the long-term remains a priority concern. The quality and safety of drinking water are decreasing, which cannot but have a negative impact on public health. Correlation linkages between indicators of drinking water quality and oncological morbidity of the population were also established in indicators below the maximum permissible concentrations, which corresponds to a typical logistic model of causal relationships and serves as evidence of the high dependence of health disorders on chemical contamination of water supply sources. 

scholarly journals Ground-Water Quality in Islamkot and Mithi Talukas of District Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Jhaman Das Suthar ◽  
Inayatullah Rajper ◽  
Zia-ul- Hassan ◽  
Nizamuddin Depar ◽  
Velo Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Desert Region ◽  
Remote Areas

Surface water supplies are gradually becoming short in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Thus, assessment of groundwater quality for crop use appears to be very essential for management and utilization of precious natural water resources. This study reports the water quality of 52 hand pumps and one tubewell located in the most remote areas of desert region, viz. Islamkot and Mithi talukas of district Tharparkar. The water samples were collected during April 2016 (just before the start of rainy season). The water samples were analyzed for EC (Electrical Conductivity), pH, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ concentration. The SAR (Sodium Adsorption Ratio) and RSC (Residual Sodium Carbonates) were estimated using their respective formula. The categorization of water samples based on their soluble salt content clearly revealed that the water bodies of majority (65%) of areas were hazardous, while 25% areas were marginal. Thus, only 11% water samples of the area under study had useable irrigation water. Because of SAR and RSC the majority (89 and 77%, respectively) of water samples were found to be free from the sodicity hazard. The study concluded that salinity, and not sodicity was the major threat to the area under irrigation with these water bodies. It is, therefore, suggested that the salinity tolerant crops and their genotypes may be used in this area to sustain crop production.

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