scholarly journals High-Low Tide Water Area Bottom Sediments Composition (the Tatar Strait South- Western Part)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Molecular Spectra ◽  
Tatar Strait ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Chemical Background

Data on the carbon hydrates content and composition is given: aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons in comparison with total organic matter, phyto/pigments and quantity of heterotrophic and oil-oxidizing bacteria in bottom sediments of the Toki River tide estuary (the Tatar Strait). It has been stated that substance/structural composition of the sedimentation material in the Toki River estuary is determined by two matter flows of opposite direction: terrigenous runoff with river waters (wood and grass remains, fresh water phyto- and bacteria-plankton, anthropogenous pollutants including aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons) and materials of marine origin including mineral components (fine-dispersed sand fractions), died-off macrovegetations, sea grass phyto- and bacteria- plankton. Phyto-and bacteria-benthos communities well-adopted to variable conditions of salinity are developing in bottom sediments. High ability of the benthos microbe community to hydrocarbons utilization has been revealed. At the same time intermediate products of organic matter destruction (spirits and ethers) are found in the estuary bottom sediments micro/aerophilic conditions. Over the period from 2009 to 2016 a considerable increase of toxic aromatic hydrocarbons content in the Toki River internal estuary has been registered – a probable source of them is a solid waste dump located on the river catchment. According to group composition of н-alkanes molecular spectra, natural sources contribute the most in formation of the current bio/geo/chemical background of the smaller estuary.

Organic Matter of Bottom Sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian Coasts (Azov and Black Seas)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Sea Of Azov

As part of the 113th cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”, research was conducted on organic pollution of bottom sediments in the coastal areas of Crimea and the Caucasus, as well as the water area in front of the Kerch Strait. Concentration of chloroformextractable substances was determined by the weight method and that of petroleum hydrocarbons was determined using infrared spectrometry. Both in 2020 and 2016 (the 83d cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”), properties of the bottom sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian coasts were typical of the marine soils of this region. This indicates that the studied water areas are generally in good condition. In accordance with the regional classification of bottom sediment pollution, the maximum concentrations of chloroform-extractable substances obtained for both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov coast indicate pollution level III (23% of analysed samples). These values were found in bottom sediments in the Sevastopol water area (225 mg·100 g-1), in the coastal area of Cape Tarkhankut (120 mg·100 g-1) and Karadag (120 mg·100 g-1), the southern part of the Sea of Azov (125 mg·100 g-1) and Tuapse (110 mg·100 g-1). The content of chloroform-extractable substances in bottom sediments off the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and the Sea of Azov coast is slightly lower than that off the Crimean coast. Pollution level II is assigned to bottom sediments in 46 % of the samples, with an average concentration of 72 mg·100 g-1 of air-dry solids. The rest (31 %) of the studied area was classified as conditionally clean (pollution level I, i. e. less than 50 mg·100 g-1). There has been a slight increase in the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov and their share in the total amount of chloroformextractable substances. In general, the level of pollution of bottom sediments by organic matter remained unchanged if compared with previous years, in particular with the data from 2016

Geochemical Typing of Organic Matter in the Bottom Sediments Based on the Molecular Composition of Saturated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Oceanology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-735
Author(s):  
A. S. Ulyantsev ◽  
N. A. Prokuda ◽  
E. A. Streltzova ◽  
N. A. Belyaev ◽  
E. A. Romankevich
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Molecular Composition ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Bottom Sediments of the River – Sea Mixing Zone on the Example of the River Chernaya and the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Soloveva ◽  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
O. A. Mironov ◽  
T. O. Barabashin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Purpose. The study is aimed at determining concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and at revealing their pattern distribution in the bottom sediments of the "river – sea" contact zone on the example of the Sevastopol Bay and the river Chernaya. Methods and Results. Granulometric composition of the bottom sediments was determined by the decantation and dispersion method. Identification and quantitative determination of PAHs were carried out by the high performance liquid chromatography method. The total PAHs content in the bottom sediments of the area under study varied from 12 to 670 ng/g of dry weight. The pollutant content was minimum in the river site beyond the geochemical barrier. In the area where the river Chernaya flows into the Sevastopol Bay, the PAHs content was 121 ng/g. The highest PAHs content was revealed in the Sevastopol Bay bottom sediments, more precisely, in 1.5 km southwest of the river Chernaya flowing into the bay. 14 PAHs were identified in the estuary zone of the river, 4 of them (naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, fluorene, anthracene) were in the trace amounts. The maximum concentration (99%) of silty material was observed in the Sevastopol Bay water area. The silt fractions were distributed as follows: 20% – aleuritic-pelite fraction, 79% – pelitic-aleurite fraction. Directly in the area of the river inflow into the bay, accumulation of the sand fraction (7%) and the maximum portion of pelitic silts were noted. Conclusions. The recorded values of PAHs corresponded to the natural non-toxic levels. PAHs identified in the bottom sediments of the river estuary zone are of the mixed, predominantly petrogenic origin. The obtained data show that in the conditions of the "river – sea" contact zone, the PAHs accumulation in general and their individual fractions were governed mainly by presence of silt in the bottom sediments.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Bottom Sediments of the River – Sea Mixing Zone on the Example of the River Chernaya and the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Soloveva ◽  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
O. A. Mironov ◽  
T. O. Barabashin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Purpose. The study is aimed at determining concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and at revealing their pattern distribution in the bottom sediments of the "river – sea" contact zone on the example of the Sevastopol Bay and the river Chernaya. Methods and Results. Granulometric composition of the bottom sediments was determined by the decantation and dispersion method. Identification and quantitative determination of PAHs were carried out by the high performance liquid chromatography method. The total PAHs content in the bottom sediments of the area under study varied from 12 to 670 ng/g of dry weight. The pollutant content was minimum in the river site beyond the geochemical barrier. In the area where the river Chernaya flows into the Sevastopol Bay, the PAHs content was 121 ng/g. The highest PAHs content was revealed in the Sevastopol Bay bottom sediments, more precisely, in 1.5 km southwest of the river Chernaya flowing into the bay. 14 PAHs were identified in the estuary zone of the river, 4 of them (naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, fluorene, anthracene) were in the trace amounts. The maximum concentration (99%) of silty material was observed in the Sevastopol Bay water area. The silt fractions were distributed as follows: 20% – aleuritic-pelite fraction, 79% – pelitic-aleurite fraction. Directly in the area of the river inflow into the bay, accumulation of the sand fraction (7%) and the maximum portion of pelitic silts were noted. Conclusions. The recorded values of PAHs corresponded to the natural non-toxic levels. PAHs identified in the bottom sediments of the river estuary zone are of the mixed, predominantly petrogenic origin. The obtained data show that in the conditions of the "river – sea" contact zone, the PAHs accumulation in general and their individual fractions were governed mainly by presence of silt in the bottom sediments

HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
O. A. Lipatnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Speciation ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Manganese Hydroxides

The study of heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky water reservoir is presented in this paper. Sequential selective procedure was used to determine the heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments and thermodynamic calculation — to determine ones in interstitial water. It has been shown that Mn are mainly presented in exchangeable and carbonate forms; for Fe, Zn, Pb и Co the forms are related to iron and manganese hydroxides is played an important role; and Cu and Ni are mainly associated with organic matter. In interstitial waters the main forms of heavy metal speciation are free ions for Zn, Ni, Co and Cd, carbonate complexes for Pb, fulvate complexes for Cu. Effects of particle size and organic matter content in sediments on distribution of mobile and potentially mobile forms of toxic elements have been revealed.

DISTRIBUTION OF DISSOLVED CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE YENISEI RIVER ESTUARY AND ADJACENT WATER AREA OF THE KARA SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Savenko ◽  
Alla Savenko ◽  
Oleg Pokrovsky ◽  
Oleg Pokrovsky ◽  
Irina Streletskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Yenisei River ◽  
Adjacent Water ◽  
The Yenisei River

The distribution of dissolved chemical elements (major ions, nutrients, and trace elements) in the Yenisei River estuary and adjacent water area in 2009 and 2010 are presented. These results were compared to the data obtained during previous hydrochemical studies of this region. The transport of major cations (Na, K, Mg, Ca) and some trace elements (Rb, Cs, Sr, B, F, As, Mo, U) in the estuary follows conservative mixing. Alkalinity also belongs to conservative components, however this parameter exhibits substantial spatial heterogeneity caused by complex hydrological structure of the Yenisei Bay and adjoining part of the Kara Sea formed under the influence of several sources of desalination and salty waters inflow. Concentrations of Pmin, Si, and V in the desalinized waters of photic layer decrease seaward owing to uptake by phytoplankton. The losses of these elements reach 30–57, 30, and 9% of their supply by river runoff, respectively. The content of dissolved phosphates and vanadium in the intermediate and near-bottom layers of the Yenisei River estuary strongly increases with salinity due to regeneration of precipitated organic matter, whereas silica remineralization is much less pronounced. Barium is characterized by additional input of dissolved forms in the mixing zone in the quantity comparable to that carried out by river runoff. This may be caused by its desorption from river suspended matter due to ion exchange. The transport of dissolved Al and Mn in the estuarine zone is probably controlled by the coagulation and flocculation of organic and organomineral colloids, which is indicated by a decrease in the concentration of these elements at the beginning of the estuary (31 and 56%, respectively) followed by a stable concentration further seaward.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments of the Brisbane River (Australia) – Preliminary Results

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Kayal ◽  
D. W. Connell
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Results of the analysis of twenty-three composite sediment samples revealed that PAHs are widely distributed in the Brisbane River estuary. Mean concentrations for individual compounds, on a dry weight basis, ranged from 0.03 µg/g for dibenz [ah] anthracene to 2.34 µg/g for fluoranthene. Observed PAH assemblages were rich in compounds having pyrolytic origins. However, the presence of petroleum derived compounds was indicative of the importance of petroleum as a PAH source in the estuary. Petroleum refineries, a coal loading terminal and a major treated sewage outfall located at the mouth were not indicated as major contributing sources of PAH pollution in the estuary.

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