scholarly journals The Introduction of Arabic Philosophy into Europe

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-586
Author(s):  
Basit B. Koshul
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
The West ◽  
Arabic Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Renaissance ◽  
Or History

During the first three decades of this century, a lively debateemerged in western academic circles regarding the extent of theArab-Islamic influence on western civilization. Certain scholarsrejected the idea that the West had been influenced in any significantmanner by the classical Arab-Islamic civilization (ninth to twelfthcenturies CE). Barnes, in The Intellectual History of Mankind, arguesthat there is nothing in Islamic teachings or history that encouragedthe pursuit of learning and scholarship. Thus, he claimed, one cannotspeak of any "Islamic contribution" to western civilization. Sevier, inhis The Psychology of the Mussa/man, goes further and argues thatone cannot even speak of an "Arab" civilization, because all of theknowledge and scholarship produced in the classical age of Islamwere due to Syrian, Jewish, Hindu, and Persian efforts. It naturallyfollows that all talk of any Arab influence on the West is superfluous.Other scholars presented counterarguments and took the positionthat the Arab-Islamic influence on western civilization was very significant.Briffault, in The Making of Humanity, credits classical Islamicscholarship with producing the intellectual concepts and methods thatwere the indispensable preludes to the European renaissance. Sarton,in his Introduction to the History of Science, argues that the impact ofHindu and Chinese cultures on the West can be totally disregardedwithout seriously impairing one's ability to understand the postmedievalprogress of the West. But if the Arab-Islamic impact were tobe discounted, then the story of this progress would become confusedand unintelligible  ...

Taḥqīq vs. Taqlīd in the Renaissances of Western Early Modernity

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 193-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Melvin-Koushki
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
South India ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
Existential Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Renaissance ◽  
New Framework

Abstract This essay reviews a major new study of European Renaissance Arabist-humanist philology as it was actually practiced, humanist neoclassicizing anti-Arabism notwithstanding. While definitive and philologically magisterial, that study nevertheless falls prey structurally and conceptually to the very eurocentrism whose ideological-textual genesis it chronicles. Situating it within the comparative global early modern philologies framework that has now been proposed in the volume World Philology and the present journal is a necessary remedy—but only a partial one; for that framework too still obscures the multiplicity of specifically genetically Western early modernities, thus hobbling comparative history of philology. I therefore propose a new framework appropriate to the study of Greco-Arabo-Persian and Greco-Arabo-Latin as the two parallel and equally powerful philosophical-philological trajectories that together defined early modern Western—i.e., Hellenic-Abrahamic, Islamo-Judeo-Christian, west of South India—intellectual history: taḥqīq vs. taqlīd, progressivism vs. declinism. But a broadened and more balanced analytical framework alone cannot save philology, much less Western civilization, from the throes of its current existential crisis: for we philologists of the Euro-American academy are fevered too by the cosmological ill that is reflexive scientistic materialism. As antidote, I prescribe a progressivist, postmodern return to early modern Western deconstructive-reconstructive cosmic philology as prerequisite for the discipline’s survival, and perhaps even triumph, in the teeth of totalitarian colonialist-capitalist modernity.

scholarly journals GENEOLOGI BAHASA DALAM HUMANIORA

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad In’am Esha
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
The West ◽  
Second Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Language Literature

This paper studies the relation between language and humanities in the history of science perspective. Based on this study there are four findings. First, relation between language and humanities in the structure of science in this modern era is not able to be divided from the background of the development of studia humanitatis in the west. Second, development of humanities in the west relates to the vision of education for presenting humanizing curriculum. This is because of the fact that the studies and research in language and classical literatures is a necessity. Third, in Islamic civilization, the term humanities is unpopular, but essentially the studies of humanities (ex: language, literature, logic, art) have strategic position. Islamic civilization is text civilization (hadlarah al-nash) based on Koran and to understand it needs the tool, mainly language science. The existence of those sciences in Islamic civilization is very significant. <br />

Islam and the West: Coexistence or Clash?

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 363-374
Author(s):  
Noor Mohammad Osmani ◽  
Tawfique Al-Mubarak
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
The West ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The Cold War

Samuel Huntington (1927-2008) claimed that there would be seven eight civilizations ruling over the world in the coming centuries, thus resulting a possible clash among them. The West faces the greatest challenge from the Islamic civilization, as he claimed. Beginning from the Cold-War, the Western civilization became dominant in reality over other cultures creating an invisible division between the West and the rest. The main purpose of this research is to examine the perceived clash between the Western and Islamic Civilization and the criteria that lead a civilization to precede others. The research would conduct a comprehensive review of available literatures from both Islamic and Western perspectives, analyze historical facts and data and provide a critical evaluation. This paper argues that there is no such a strong reason that should lead to any clash between the West and Islam; rather, there are many good reasons that may lead to a peaceful coexistence and cultural tolerance among civilizations

Dependency in Africa: Stages of African Political Economy

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amechi Okolo
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The West ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Contact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper traces the history of the relationship between Africa and the West since their first contact brought about by the outward thrust of the West, under the impetus of rising capitalism, in search of cheap labour and cheap raw material for its industries and expanding markets for its industrial products, both of which could be better ensured through domination and exploitation. The paper identifies five successive stages that African political economy has passed through under the impact of this relationship, each phase qualitatively different from the other but all having the common characteristic of domination-dependence syndrome, and each phase having been dictated by the dynamics of capitalism in different eras and by the dominant forces in the changing international system. Its finding is that the way to the latest stage, the dependency phase, was paved by the progressive proletarianization of the African peoples and the maintenance of an international peonage system. It ends by indicating the direction in which Africa can make a beginning to break out of dependency and achieve liberation.

scholarly journals Pierre Monbeig and the Formation of Geography in Brazil (1925-1957): Geohistory of Knowledge, Intellectual History and the Insertion of Brazilian Geography into the World-Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Alves de Lira
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
World Science ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The World ◽  
University Professor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Context

This paper aims to present the exemplarity of an intellectual meeting between a French intellectual, trained in history and geography at the Sorbonne, France (before spending time in Spain during the beginning of his doctorate), and the “Brazilian terrain”. From his training to his work as a university professor in Brazil, what I want to characterize is a transnational intellectual context in the domain of the history of science, using geographical reasoning as a reference. However, before becoming aware of these intellectual processes, it should be said that at the base of this context lies the Brazilian space. This kind of reasoning as a proposed methodology is named here the geohistory of knowledge. In this paper, I seek to present this methodology and its theoretical and empirical results, focusing on how the construction of contextualization can be related to space.

scholarly journals Al-Ṭarīqah al-Naqshabandīyah al-Khālidīyah fī Cianjur, Jawa al-Gharbīyah: Ta‘ālimuhā wa tuqūsuhā wa taṭawwurātuhā

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahid Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The West ◽  
West Java ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sufi Order ◽  
Islamic Civilization

This article explores the teachings, rituals and developments of the Naqshabandiyah Khalidiyah sufi order in Cianjur, West Java. It has been established since the mid-19th century and has played an important role in the spread of Islam in this area called the "Kota Santri/City of Islamic Students". This is due to the followers of the sufi order still adhering to the principle of khalwat dar anjuman. This principle allows them to practice the spirituality of the sufi order without leaving their social roles and functions as citizens. It can be seen from the diversity of their backgrounds, who are not only farmers, traders and entrepreneurs but also government officials. Moreover, 15 percent of them are millennials. Through a historical approach, this article found that the Naqshabandiyah Khalidiyah sufi order in Cianjur has become an important part of the history of Islamic civilization in the West Java region. The teachings and rituals that blend with the surrounding community have illustrated the diversity of Islam in the archipelago which tends to be Sufi in style since the early days.

Studying the Qurʾan: Neither Here nor There

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Qidwai
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Encounters

Abstract This paper addresses three aspects of Majid Daneshgar’s monograph Studying the Qurʾan in the Muslim Academy. The first part looks at the complexities around the lack of coherence between the Muslim Academy and so-called “Western” Institutions. Drawing on some examples from my own life, I will address the hesitance to embrace sources from the West as highlighted by Daneshgar. Then, I will present an example from the “Western Academy” that speaks to a broader audience across this divide. The second part of this paper will address the phenomenon of trying to find scientific proofs in the Qur‘an and the issues around those attempts in the field of the history of science and religion. Drawing on my own research, the third part of this reflection will draw on the example of Islam in India to show the complex nature of the so-called Muslim Academy and its ties to colonial encounters.

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