The Intellectual Role of Islamizing Librarianship

Mawlana Mawdudi (may Allah be pleased with him) has made a verythought-provoking remark in his introduction to “Al Jihad fd Islam7 He writes:“It is a natural weakness of human beings. If one is defeated in a battlefieldhe is also overwhelmed in the field of knowledge. He cannot contest inpenmanship with one by whose sword he has been defeated.”lThe inferiority of Muslims in the intellectual domain is well documentedand does not need any elaboration. Now it is the task of Muslim scholarsto take up the challenge of redressing the imbalance. One area of scholarshipoften neglected by scholars is library science.The task required to Islamize science calls for immense intellectualcapacity. One should be expert not only in the field of library science butshould also possess deep insight into the faith of Islam, its culture, andcivilization. It is only through the combination of these qualities that a newcreative discipline can be produced.Library science, as developed in the West, is bound to reflect the imageof Western civilization. Subject classification, the rules for cataloguing, listsof subject headings and other techniques employed to exploit literature allportray the Western way of life.Islam has its own world view of human affairs and Islamic literaturenaturally will reflect this world view. To restrict Islam under the heading“religion” following the Western conceptualization violates the very basicconcepts of Islamic principles. The response of librarians when faced withthis challenge is to adapt the existing classification. Though such adaptationsmay be useful they not only hopelessly fail to tackle the real problem, butdistort and disfigure the serene harmony of Islamic values. What is neededis totally new and radical approach by Muslim librarians to work out a new ...

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Role of Statues in the Artistic Commemoration of African Political Leaders: Analysis of 20 Selected National Statues in African Countries

East African Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies ◽

10.37284/eajis.3.1.295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 40-77

Author(s):

Kamau Wango

Keyword(s):

Public Art ◽

The Political ◽

Human Beings ◽

Political Leaders ◽

African Countries ◽

Long Time ◽

The Subject ◽

Visual Impact ◽

Insight Into

Artistic commemoration of leaders and other iconic personalities has been in existence for centuries. Statues in particular have been used as a fitting avenue for the commemoration of political leaders and other luminaries in many fields. The premise upon which statues are made is that the subjects featured initiated and attained, in their lifetimes, concrete achievements that significantly impacted upon the lives of their fellow human beings. Other criteria for commemoration include proven integrity, dedication and selflessness in the service of the country and citizens. Statues as an integral part of public art have often generated substantial controversy on various fronts in many countries. Some of these gravitate around issues such as disputed likeness, queries about the fundamental achievements cited of the subject, at times open protests on the actions, character and integrity of the subject as well as the location of the statues. Other areas of contention include the implication of the presence of statues upon the political psyche of the country and their long-time impact on history, the youth and posterity. This paper examines the extent to which African countries have embraced this mode of artistic rendition to commemorate African political leaders in a way that is commensurate to their achievements. It is outside the scope of this paper to delve into the intricate web of back-and-forth arguments about the ‘concreteness’ of the legacies of the featured leaders who are mainly founding political figures of the respective countries. The paper, however, analyses the artistic essence of the selected statues in terms of their visual impact and whether they are indeed useful in articulating the legacies of the subjects and further, whether they ultimately bear ‘enduring visual value’ that spurs conversation and insight into these legacies. Statues must, at the very least, spur debate and conversation into the legacy of the featured subject. It becomes a form of constant interrogation as history itself takes its course; controversy is not necessarily a negative occurrence since it forms part of this discourse. The concept of immortalization, which is what initiators of statues often hope for is much harder to achieve and difficult to define. The paper examines 20 statues of African political leaders in different African Countries.

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An Insight into the Role of Benefical Bacteria in Periodontal Pocket Recolonization: A Literature Review

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry ◽

10.5005/johcd-8-1-47 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 47-50

Author(s):

SM Apoorva ◽

A Suchetha ◽

DB Mundinamane ◽

DP Bhopale ◽

A Bharwani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Species ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Human Beings ◽

Beneficial Bacteria ◽

Initial Attachment ◽

Bacterial Interactions ◽

Tooth Surfaces ◽

Free People ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACT Microflora can be found in both caries-free and periodontitis-free people and caries-affected and periodontitis-affected people, and many clinical studies reveal that the portion of certain bacterial species such as Streptococcus mutans or Porphyromonas gingivalis, respectively, is increased in patients with caries or periodontitis. Therefore, it seems that the competition that results between beneficial bacteria and virulent bacteria leads to either a healthy or sick status of human beings. Competition between members of the dental microflora and there role in pocket recolonization is very complex and many antagonistic characteristics can be observed from competition for initial attachment on tooth surfaces or for later attachment to pioneer bacteria, competition from bacteriocins or hydrogen peroxide secreted and from facilitating the growth of some species which inhibit other species. To date only some of the details of these mechanisms are known. The present review will provide an overview on the prevalence of beneficial bacteria and the major mechanisms of oral bacterial interactions. Due to the large number of oral bacterial species, only the best characterized species are included in this review.

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Vladimir Favorsky. Epic style. Kirghiz series of drawings

Iskusstvo Evrazii [The Art of Eurasia] ◽

10.25712/astu.2518-7767.2016.01.009 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Елена Владимировна Грибоносова-Гребнева

Keyword(s):

White Paper ◽

White Space ◽

Deep Insight ◽

Graphic Arts ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Works Of Art ◽

Insight Into

В статье представлена работа В.А. Фаворского над киргизским героическим эпосом Манас. В серии созданных художником рисунков нашли проявление его художественные и теоретические подходы к искусству графики и иллюстрирования книг. Для более глубокого проникновения в суть эпического произведения художник отправляется в Киргизию. Созданные им рисунки имеют не только эстетическую и этнографическую ценности. В них проявилась его теория графики, когда белый фон бумаги воспринимается в качестве белого пространства, а карандаш художника становится сродни резцу скульптора. Пространство белого повисает на штрихах рисунка. Эпический характер повествования привел к монументальности образов и композиций иллюстраций. В статье приводятся теоретические мысли художника о соединении разновременных состояний в произведении искусства, роли контура и пятна. The work of V.A. Favorsky on the Kirghiz heroic epos is presented in this article. There is a demonstration of his artistic and theoretical approaches to the graphic arts and books illustration in the series of these drawings. The artist goes to Kyrgyzstan for the deep insight into the essence of the epic work. His drawings have not only aesthetic and ethnographic value. His theory of graphic appeared there, when a white field of paper is taken as a white space, and the artists pencil became similar to a cutter of a sculpture. The space of the white paper hangs on the drawings strokes. The epic nature of the narrative led to the monumentality of the images and compositions of the illustrations. There are artists theoretical thoughts about the connection of the multitemporal conditions in the works of art, the role of contour and spot.

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The missing Other: a review of Linklater’sViolence and Civilization in the Western States-System

Review of International Studies ◽

10.1017/s0260210517000225 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 621-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. H. M. Ling

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Equal Opportunity ◽

The Other ◽

Human Beings ◽

The West ◽

Las Casas

AbstractAs Andrew Linklater has shown, Europeans have decreased their tolerance for, or endorsement of, violence over the centuries. Various international and domestic conventions demonstrate the point. This accomplishment rightfully deserves celebration. But herein lies the rub. While Linklater recognises the role of imperialism and colonialism in perpetrating global violence, he does not grant equal opportunity to the Rest in contributing to the world’s new moral heights. Linklater assumes, for instance, that Las Casas never talked with indigenes to realise that they, too, warrant recognition as human beings; Catholic piety alone sufficed. The West thus towers in singular triumph, embedding International Relations (IR) in what I call Hypermasculine Eurocentric Whiteness (HEW). Still, the Other retains a sense of its Self. An effervescent spirit of play enables resilience and creativity toco-produceour world-of-worlds. Come out and play!, I urge. It’s time to shed IR’s ‘tragedy’ for the sparkle within.

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Gleb Uspensky on the national spirituality (based on the material of the cycle “Sketches of the Transitional Period”

Litera ◽

10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33658 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 87-97

Author(s):

Igor' Vasil'evich Kudryashov

Keyword(s):

Transitional Period ◽

Deep Insight ◽

The West ◽

New Approach ◽

Systemic Analysis ◽

East Russia ◽

Entire World ◽

New Perspective ◽

Goals And Objectives ◽

Insight Into

Based on Gleb Uspensky’s cycle “Sketches of the Transitional Period”, this article analyzes the ethical-philosophical views of the writer upon national spirituality, Russian world and its future. Uspensky believed that the great mission of Russia consists in the desire to become a unifying spiritual center for the entire world civilization. However, due to its location in-between the West and the East. Russia is spiritually dying, and along with it in the global chaos and hostility of Western and Eastern civilizations, dies all of humanity. Russia’s position within the spiritual confrontation of East and West, the writer describes as "uncertain": Russia wants but is not able to impede the imminent spiritual demise of humanity. Such "uncertainty" contains the spiritual tragedy of Russia itself, which appears to be in a questionable situation with regards to its world goals and objectives. This article suggests a new approach towards understanding the cycle of G. I. Uspensky “Sketches of the Transitional Period”, based on peculiarity of his philosophical and ethical views associated with the idea of Russian messianism, its specialness in the context of the confrontation of Western and Eastern civilizations. The conducted systemic analysis of the cycle “Sketches of the Transitional Period” demonstrated that Uspensky comprehensively reflected the own understanding of spiritual tragedy of the Russian life, founded on a deep insight into the surrounding post-reform Russian reality of the 1850s-1880s. The revealed specificity of Uspensky’s worldview opens a new perspective for an overall scientific assessment of the later period of his works.

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Islam and Politics in West Africa

Issue A Journal of Opinion ◽

10.1017/s004716070000857x ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Sulayman S. Nyang

Keyword(s):

World View ◽

West African ◽

African Politics ◽

Islamic Culture ◽

Medieval Period ◽

The West ◽

Islam And Politics ◽

African Religions ◽

The One

The role of Islam in West African politics goes back to the beginnings of the encounter between Islamic culture and traditional African political leadership in the medieval period. When Arabo-Berber culture arrived in the West Soudan, African rulers in Ghana, Soudan, and other smaller kingdoms of the time were very much influenced by their traditional African world view. According to this world view, rulers were thought to be a link between the living and the dead, on the one hand, and between the temporal and the spiritual on the other. Indeed, it is because of this fusion of politics and primordial religion in the old Africa that the well-known American student of African religions, James W. Fernandez, wrote in the early 1960s that the “African, it can be argued, inherited a traditional disposition to shift back and forth from a political to a religious mode of address.”

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Sustaining Faith

Journal of Global Slavery ◽

10.1163/2405836x-00303002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 211-233

Author(s):

Katherine Freedman

Keyword(s):

Seventeenth Century ◽

West Indies ◽

Human Beings ◽

The West ◽

Economic Role ◽

American Colonies ◽

George Fox ◽

British State

Abstract This article uses the case study of the small Quaker community on seventeenth-century Antigua, as well as sources from Quakers on Barbados and from Quaker missionaries travelling throughout Britain’s Atlantic empire, to question the role of Quakers as anti-slavery pioneers. Quaker founder George Fox used a paternalistic formulation of hierarchy to contend that enslavement of other human beings was compatible with Quakerism, so long as it was done in a nurturing way—an argument that was especially compelling given the sect’s desperate need in the seventeenth century to establish itself economically or risk its destruction by the post-Restoration British State. By exploring the crucial economic role that the slave-based economies of the West Indies played in establishing the Quakers as a powerful sect in the eighteenth-century North American colonies, this article demonstrates that it was impossible for Quakers to follow through in establishing a nurturing form of slavery, particularly within the brutal context of the West Indian sugar colonies.

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The Role of Arts and Humanities in undergraduate Medical Curricula

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70368-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

E. Sukhanova

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Human Condition ◽

Human Beings ◽

Additional Insight ◽

Arts And Humanities ◽

The Social ◽

Interpretive Skills ◽

Insight Into ◽

Specific Learning

This paper will explore possible ways of integrating humanities disciplines in medical education.In today's world, medical students have to learn to understand the social and cultural environment in which medicine is practiced. The humanities have long since have been the principal site of diversity in the academy. Now they can help medical students come to terms with diversity that is the context ot today's medicine.Studies in arts and humanities help recognize the limitations of purely biotechnical approach to patient care, in complex and paradigm-changing ways. Such studies also pave the way for understanding how social assumptions and values play out in healthcare policies. In sum, the humanities provide an additional insight into the human condition, allowing students “to consider human beings in their totality,” in the words of Jean Delay, a pioneer of psychopharmacology who also maintained a literary career throughout his life.Furthermore, humanities contribute to the development of complex interpretive skills, embracing affective aspects of intelligence as much as they embrace conventional rationalist forms of inquiry such as logic, analysis, deconstruction and critique. There is some evidence that medical students who have an additional background in the humanities are less vulnerable to burnout while studying and go on to perform better in important areas of practice. Approaches to developing specific learning outcomes and curricular guidelines will be discussed.

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