scholarly journals Utilization of Participatory Ergonomics for Workstation Evaluation Towards Productive Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 579-584
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Participatory Ergonomics ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Illumination Measurement ◽  
Belt Conveyors ◽  
Manual Tasks ◽  
Postural Analysis

Principles of workstation configuration decrease work environment ergonomic hazards and improve worker’s productivity. The participatory ergonomics approach is one of the best methods for eliminating or upgrading manual tasks with the aim of reducing the occurrence of related occupational musculoskeletal issue. This study assesses the workstation of a foundry shop in terms of musculoskeletal occurrences and ergonomic hazards employing Ergonomic Symptom Survey, Illumination Measurement, Noise Measurement, and Postural Analysis using REBA and RULA. The molding area average lux reading of 97.12 was far below the recommended light levels set by the DOE. The production area produces unbearable noises. REBA and RULA results reveal that activities in the foundry shop are very risky and need immediate investigation and changes. In general, the workstation is not properly layout. Improvement of material handling equipment such as the use of trolleys, rolling shelves or belt conveyors lessen the transfer time from one process to another leading to reduction of the current production time. In most cases, maintaining health and safety practices provides a much better way for the production performance of the foundry shop as well as its workers.

scholarly journals Effects of Logistic Processes to the Maintenance Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (42) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Péter Telek
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Maintenance Time ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Maintenance Process ◽  
Service Task ◽  
Individual Service

Abstract In these days, the maintenance process, as a part of the operation of manufacturing systems, is also developing while following the changes in the production area. Maintenance, in many of the cases, is operating as an individual service task, which requires many changes from the related handling processes. To follow the changes and the development in the field of the maintenance, we need many new concepts, methods and ideas. Main objective of our research was to uncover the relations between the effectivity of the maintenance processes and the material handling parameters. In this paper, we summarise the development of the maintenance processes and give an overview about the topical handling tasks, which must be solved.

Robotics in Nuclear Materials Processing at LANL: Capabilities and Needs

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron J. Turner ◽  
Troy A. Harden ◽  
Jane A. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Nuclear Material ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Los Alamos National Laboratory ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Manual Tasks

Nuclear material processing operations present numerous challenges for effective automation. Confined spaces, hazardous materials and processes, particulate contamination, radiation sources, and corrosive chemical operations are but a few of the significant hazards. However, automated systems represent a significant safety advance when deployed in place of manual tasks performed by human workers. The replacement of manual operations with automated systems has been desirable for nearly 40 years, yet only recently are automated systems becoming increasingly common for nuclear materials handling applications. This paper reviews several automation systems which are deployed or about to be deployed at Los Alamos National Laboratory for nuclear material handling operations. The needs that resulted in the development of these systems can be found throughout the nuclear industry. Highlighted are the current social and technological challenges faced in deploying automated systems into hazardous material handling environments and the opportunities for future innovations.

Briggs Equipment puts the accent on safety

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Home Improvement ◽  
Forklift Truck ◽  
Speak Up ◽  
Safety Procedures

Purpose – This paper aims to describe the various ways in which UK materials-handling service provider Briggs Equipment is seeking to eliminate foreseeable accidents in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – Explains the initiatives that the company has taken among its own employees, plus one it has run for home-improvement center and material-handling partner Homebase. Reveals why Briggs decided to sponsor the Forklift Truck Association’s most recent safety conference. Findings – Details the importance of ensuring that all forklift-truck operators are fully trained to use the equipment and are aware of the company’s latest health and safety procedures; making certain that temporary workers have been given a thorough induction and have been fully trained to use the equipment and are aware of the site’s health and safety procedures; using the most appropriate of the technology available to make forklift trucks safer; and putting in place an anonymous, easy-to-report method to help workers to speak up about accidents or hazards in the workplace. Practical implications – Explains that Briggs aims to achieve a new organizational culture that places the emphasis on safety, but accepts that this cannot be created overnight. Social implications – Reveals that the latest Health and Safety Executive figures reveal a 4 per cent rise in serious accidents involving forklift trucks – the first rise in two years, which may result from some businesses cutting corners to reduce costs. Originality/value – Details the numerous and wide-ranging initiatives that one company is taking to improve workplace safety.

scholarly journals Identification Material Distribution Process to Improve Material Handling Performance Using Risk Matrix Analysis (Case Study at Paper Manufacturing)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-378
Author(s):  
Ery Sugito ◽  
Rika Ampuh Hadiguna ◽  
Rizki Prakasa Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Paper Manufacturing ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
Production Area

Material handling activities within a company have a very important role, especially in warehousing activities ranging from the process of receiving goods, storing goods to product distribution. To reduce the waste that occurs in material handling, a lean manufacturing approach is used with the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method for mapping the flow of material handling activities and the flow of information on material handling activities. Waste that occurs in the material handling work process in the printing sheets area includes waiting, excess processing, and transportation. With Root Cause Analysis and Risk Matrix, it is known that the most influential root causes of waste are inadequate human resources, material handling tools in preparing goods and process break quantity from standard pallets, and distribution of areas far from the printing sheets warehouse area. Recommendations for improvement proposals offered are, providing additional material handlers, material handling tools for activities within one department by considering distance and time, reducing break quantity requests and temporary locations for receiving printing sheets in the production area, as well as collaborating with suppliers to arrange the arrival schedule of printing sheets material by communicating and updating regularly with the forwarder if the frequency of delays is too frequent. So that if it is repaired and applied it will improve the performance of the material handling.

Engagement in Health and Safety at the Workplace

2016 ◽  
pp. 265-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Magnavita
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Participatory Ergonomics ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Term Management

Dramatic changes in the age structure of the population have led to a rise in the age of retirement. An ageing working population may be a problem for companies and for their health and safety services that must face the long-term management of active, chronically ill workers. For sustainability reasons the discipline of occupational medicine must be replaced by occupational health, which not only combats occupational diseases, but actively works to promote the health of older workers. More in general, occupational health has a strong interest in promoting engagement in professional activities. Shifting from a reactive to a proactive logic will take time and require a big effort on the part of employers, employees and health and safety staff in order to develop participatory ergonomics and best health promotion practices in the workplace.

Application of Biomechanics Instrumentation in Occupational Health Research

2022 ◽  
pp. 567-584
Author(s):  
Sanjay M. Kotadiya ◽  
Joydeep Majumder ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Workplace Stressors ◽  
Preventive Effort ◽  
And Control ◽  
Load Handling ◽  
Occupational Health Research

Occupational morbidities during manual material handling operations are routine at workplaces. This is a global burden contributing substantially to the economy. The multifactorial etiology for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) along with workplace stressors require multidisciplinary preventive effort. Biomechanics plays a pivotal role in occupational health research quarrying into the root cause analysis of posture, load handling, muscular loading, balance, and stability at work. Sophisticated instrumentation and experimental techniques assist in understanding the biomechanical mechanisms of MSDs and ergonomic principles, etc. Kinetic, kinematic, isotonic, isokinetic, as well as isometric experimental modes investigate body postures and muscular responses. Foundation of biomechanics instrumentation and injury mechanism would aid researchers alongside ergonomists in dealing with identification, assessment, and control of workplace risks through participatory ergonomics approach. Judicious utilization of this discipline would approach a long-term sustainable solution to protect health and safety of workers at the workplace.

Physical activity and public health

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Nyssa T. Hadgraft ◽  
Neville Owen ◽  
Paddy C. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Manual Tasks

There are well-established chronic disease prevention and broader public health benefits associated with being physically active. However, large proportions of the adult populations of developed countries and rapidly urbanizing developing countries are inactive. Additionally, many people’s lives are now characterized by large amounts of time spent sitting—at work, at home, and in automobiles. Widespread urbanization, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, has resulted in large segments of traditionally active rural populations moving into cities. Many previously manual tasks in the occupational and household sectors have become automated, making life easier and safer in many respects. However, a pervasive consequence of these developments is that large numbers of people globally are now going about their daily lives in environments that place them at risk of overweight and obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other health problems. This represents a formidable set of public health challenges. In this context, the present chapter describes: key definitions and distinctions relating to physical activity, exercise, and sedentary behaviour; current evidence on relationships physical inactivity and sitting time with health outcomes, and associated public health recommendations; prevalence and trends in physical activity and sedentary behaviours, and some of the key issues for surveillance and measurement; and, how physical activity and sedentary behaviour may be understood in ways that will inform broad-based public health approaches. An interdisciplinary and intersectoral strategy is emphasized. This requires working with constituencies beyond the public health field, such as urban planning, architecture, occupational health and safety, and social policy.

Participatory Ergonomics as a Means of Preventing Wmsds

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 434-434
Author(s):  
Ogden Brown
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ◽  
Cumulative Trauma ◽  
Participatory Ergonomics ◽  
Work System ◽  
Trauma Disorders ◽  
Vdt Operators

Participatory ergonomics is a flexible means for the achievement of many diverse goals in turbulent technological environments. It is a macroergonomic approach to the implementation of technology in organizational systems which requires that end-users be highly involved in developing and implementing the technology. The notion of participation offers the promise of tremendous potential gains for the organization, the worker, and even the economic well-being of the greater society. Such pervasive and important technological innovations as the use of computers and their concomitant video display terminals can, in spite of their usefulness, lead to many occupational health and safety problems. Cumulative trauma disorders appear to be an associated dysfunction in modern industry, and effective health and safety solutions to many of these problems are highly important, both to the organization and especially to the people in it. It is proposed that the use of participation and worker involvement in the solution of such problems is a powerful and promising tool. There is no one best way to employ worker participation. It is contingent upon the nature of the problem itself, the work system, the job design presently in place, the environment in which the work is done, the training of the worker, and a myriad of other variables. From the available empirical evidence, a participation typology is postulated. The successful implementation of participatory ergonomics and other participatory arrangements requires the empowerment and enablement of people to make decisions concerning their work and to implement and evaluate them. Several participatory approaches to worker involvement are presented which address work system and job design factors, design of the work environment, and training of VDT operators. These approaches are discussed in the context of a systems approach to the prevention of WMSDs. The reduction and/or prevention of cumulative trauma disorders such as work-related musculoskeletal disorders is a matter of great concern in modern organizational life, both from the point of view of productivity concerns and also from that of the humanization of work. The solution of occupational health and safety problems will not only lead to increased organizational effectiveness, but should help provide for a far better realization of human potential.

scholarly journals The hidden land use cost of upscaling cover crops

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Runck ◽  
Colin K. Khoury ◽  
Patrick M. Ewing ◽  
Michael Kantar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Cover Cropping ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Annual Amount

AbstractCover cropping is considered a cornerstone practice in sustainable agriculture; however, little attention has been paid to the cover crop production supply chain. In this Perspective, we estimate land use requirements to supply the United States maize production area with cover crop seed, finding that across 18 cover crops, on average 3.8% (median 2.0%) of current production area would be required, with the popular cover crops rye and hairy vetch requiring as much as 4.5% and 11.9%, respectively. The latter land requirement is comparable to the annual amount of maize grain lost to disease in the U.S. We highlight avenues for reducing these high land use costs.

scholarly journals REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL AND THE OBJECTIVES OF REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN TERMS OF DEINDUSTRIALIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Deineko ◽  
Olena Tsyplitska
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Industrial Specialization ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Economic Imbalances ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Under the conditions of increasing interregional economic imbalances and deindustrialization of the economy the industrial potential of regions as a catalyst for regional leveling and economic growth becomes particularly important. Due to the development of manufacturing and other activities included in production chains the economies of backward regions can be revitalized. Purpose. The purpose of the article is the development of recommendations of the regional industrial policy implementation using the industrial potential of regions to level out interregional imbalances. Method (methodology). The statistical analysis based on variation coefficients and mapping approach are used for assessing the extent of socio-economic regional imbalances. Using the correlation analysis the relationship between the industry’s share by the number of employees in a regional economy and GRP per capita is estimated. The evaluation of industrial specialization of the regions is performed by industries’ localization coefficients. The regional industrial potential is determined according to the current production performance and its possible increase, internal and external investment resources and human capacity. The recommendations on directions and instruments of regional industrial policy are developed using the generalization of domestic and international experience according to new challenges of industrial and regional development of Ukraine. Results. It is determined that during 2010-2017 the level of regional divergence in Ukraine has significantly increased. The industrial, investment and labour potentials of the regions that may become a driving force for regional leveling are disclosed. The forms of inclusion of the regions with low industrial potential in interregional production chains are substantiated. The new objectives of the modern regional industrial policy arising from modern paradigms of neoindustrial, innovative economies and industrial policy are determined and are directed on overcoming centrifugal trends of regional development in terms of decentralization reform.

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