scholarly journals Target Object Tracking with Portable Sensors in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2505-2510
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Target Object ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Portable Sensors ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Portable Sensor

Detection and tracking of moving target objects is one of the important problems of wireless sensor systems. In recent years, portability has become an important research area for the WSN community. Although it was never thought that the WSN arrangement was completely stable, portability was initially perceived as some of the difficulties that must be overcome, including network, inclusion and use of vitality. Target object dictates the accuracy of target objects with which the position of target objects can be estimated. This problem becomes a test, especially given the portability of the sensor and the target object, in which the directions of the sensor and the target object have to be captured. [1, 17] Through this review, we consider that we consider the question of following signals that release appropriate target object using compact sensors that depend on the social issue of the signal. Since the versatile movement of the lens is unclear, the portable sensor controller uses the approximation accumulated by a remote sensor so that the compact article indicates the time of appearance (TOA). [4] The portable sensor controller confirms the TOA estimation information of both compact target object and portable sensors to evaluate their areas before guiding the development of portable sensors to achieve the target object. We propose the calculation of approximation (min-max) to calculate the monitoring area, which can be effectively understood through quasi-different programming (SDP), and apply a cubic potential to the portable sensor path Can do. We measure the area of portable sensors and focus on each other to improve the following accuracy.[2, 5] We determine the characteristic relationship between several basic parameters of the frame and the trackingtarget object, including the thickness of the sensor, the range of detection, the portability of the sensor, and the target object. We examine the relationships and the ability to influence by multiple parameters of the framework and locate the base number of portable sensors that are required to maintain the tracking of target objects in an MSN. To further improve the execution of the framework, we propose a weighted monitoring calculation, using estimation information more efficiently.[3] Our entertainment results suggest that insufficiently insured calculations provide excellent follow-up that can be improved by requesting greatness with an equal number of sensors when contrasted and with the position of static sensors.

scholarly journals Routing for Mobile UWSN: A Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.24) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
B Priyalakshmi ◽  
K Mahalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Underwater Environment ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Important Research Area

Recently Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is now emerging as a important research area to explore underwater environments and its resource. Underwater wireless senor nodes are utilized for extensive variety of uses, for example, checking the marine condition for scientific to commercial investigation and coastline surveillance to underwater contamination observing, from water-based calamity preventions to water-based games facilitation. Due to the unstable underwater environment there is a need to increase the scalability and reduce the energy consumption. Connectivity and Coverage are the important properties that decide the proper detection and communication in UWSN. Many researchers have introduced the routing protocol which deals with mobility of node but the research investigation needs further advancement to model a powerful routing algorithm which control movement of the node. In this paper the literature survey on different routing protocol for mobile UWSN are discussed.  

scholarly journals Synthetic Approach to the Design, Manufacturing and Examination of Gerotor and Orbital Hydraulic Machines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Jarosław Stryczek ◽  
Piotr Stryczek
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Hydraulic Machines ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
The Subject ◽  
System Of Parameters ◽  
Geometry And Kinematics

Gerotor technology is an important research area in the field of hydraulics which attracts the attention of both academic scientists and industry. Despite the numerous publications announced by academics, as well as a considerable number of projects made by industry, the subject has not been exhausted. This paper presents a new approach to gerotor technology which has been formed by gathering the authors’ knowledge of gerotors in a synthetic form. The following scientific and technical results have been obtained: (1) A uniform system of parameters and basic concepts regarding toothing and cycloidal gearing (z, m, λ, v, g) which is consistently used to describe the geometry, kinematics, hydraulics and manufacture of those elements; (2) description of the geometry and kinematics of the epicycloidal and hypocycloidal gears with the use of the adopted system of parameters. Additionally, the epicycloidal/hypocycloidal double gearing is presented, which is an original idea of the authors; (3) description of the hydraulics of the gerotor and orbital machines, and in particular: (i) determination of equations for delivery (capacity) q and irregularity of delivery (capacity) δ using the above-mentioned system of basic parameters; (ii) formulation of the principles of designing internal channels and clearances in the gerotor machines and presentation of the original disc distributor in the epicycloidal/hypocycloidal orbital motor; (iii) presentation of the methods of manufacturing the epicycloidal and hypocycloidal gearings with 12 examples of the systems implemented in practice; (4) presentation of the research methods applied for the examination of the gerotor machines, combining computer simulation and experimental research into a coherent and cohesive whole which results in the effect of research synergy. Such a synthesis of knowledge may serve the improvement, creation and investigation of gerotor and orbital machines carried out by academics and industry.

scholarly journals The effect of random waypoint mobility infrastructure for wireless networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Aseil Nadhum kadhum ◽  
Aseel Nadhum kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Mobile Wireless ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Portable Sensors ◽  
Mobile Wireless Sensor ◽  
Random Waypoint

                Mobile wireless sensor networks (mwsns) have as of late propelled a developing well known class of wsn in which portability assumes a key part in the execution of the application. As of late, portability has turned into an imperative zone of research for the wsn group. The expanding abilities and the diminishing expenses of portable sensors make versatile sensor systems conceivable and viable. In spite of the fact that wsn organizations were never imagined to be completely static, portability was at first viewed as having a few difficulties that should have been defeat, including availability, scope, and vitality utilization, among others. be that as it may, late studies have been indicating versatility in a more ideal light. In this article, an outline of proposition that assess portable correspondence in wsns is exhibited.   Accordingly ,an assortment of versatility were proposed by analysts throughout the years where every portability display has its own particular properties that may influence the execution of the system in a way that varies from different models entitled with various properties. In this paper we give a study of versatility models that can be utilized as a part of remote sensor systems since it is imperative to give an arrangement of the accessible models along these lines a few portability models were looked into in the proposed work.

Active and Trust Based Packet Transfer Method via Route Tracking for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S2) ◽  
pp. 221-224
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Ebb And Flow ◽  
The Way

Trust is critical in remote sensor systems to exchange the information from source to goal. The Dynamic Source Protocol computes the substitute way, if any hub neglects to exchange the information. The Dynamic Source Protocol does not have any worked in usefulness to figure a substitute way if the way has a vindictive hub. With the cost of an interloper recognition framework we can identify the vindictive hub and modify the information/parcel exchange way. Notwithstanding, gatecrasher location framework is extremely costly for remote sensor systems and there is no certification in identifying a malevolent hub. In the ebb and flow look into a trust-based approach is prescribed to limit the overheads of gatecrasher location framework and it likewise recognizes the anomalous conduct hubs. The proposed demonstrate utilizes the rehashed recreations to distinguish flawed hubs through the agreeable exertion in the sensor organize and additionally judges the trust of progressive hubs. Reenactments were exhibited for standardized result of parcel dropping, normal rebate result, and trust connection.

Improved DV-Hop Localization Scheme for Randomly Deployed WSNs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Goyat ◽  
Mritunjay Kumar Rai ◽  
Gulshan Kumar ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Se-Jung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Least Energy ◽  
Range Free

Background: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is considered one of the key research area in the recent. Various applications of WSNs need geographic location of the sensor nodes. Objective: Localization in WSNs plays an important role because without knowledge of sensor nodes location the information is useless. Finding the accurate location is very crucial in Wireless Sensor Networks. The efficiency of any localization approach is decided on the basis of accuracy and localization error. In range-free localization approaches, the location of unknown nodes are computed by collecting the information such as minimum hop count, hop size information from neighbors nodes. Methods: Although various studied have been done for computing the location of nodes but still, it is an enduring research area. To mitigate the problems of existing algorithms, a range-free Improved Weighted Novel DV-Hop localization algorithm is proposed. Main motive of the proposed study is to reduced localization error with least energy consumption. Firstly, the location information of anchor nodes is broadcasted upto M hop to decrease the energy consumption. Further, a weight factor and correction factor are introduced which refine the hop size of anchor nodes. Results: The refined hop size is further utilized for localization to reduces localization error significantly. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm are compared with other existing algorithms for evaluating the effectiveness and the performance. The simulated results are evaluated in terms localization error and computational cost by considering different parameters such as node density, percentage of anchor nodes, transmission range, effect of sensing field and effect of M on localization error. Further statistical analysis is performed on simulated results to prove the validation of proposed algorithm. A paired T-test is applied on localization error and localization time. The results of T-test depicts that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the localization accuracy with least energy consumption as compared to other existing algorithms like DV-Hop, IWCDV-Hop, and IDV-Hop. Conclusion: From the simulated results, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm offers 36% accurate localization than traditional DV-Hop and 21 % than IDV-Hop and 13% than IWCDV-Hop.

Localization of WSN using Distributed Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with precise references

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ravichander Janapati ◽  
Ch. Balaswamy ◽  
K. Soundararajan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cooperative Localization ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Swarm Optimization

Localization is the key research area in wireless sensor networks. Finding the exact position of the node is known as localization. Different algorithms have been proposed. Here we consider a cooperative localization algorithm with censoring schemes using Crammer Rao bound (CRB). This censoring scheme  can improve the positioning accuracy and reduces computation complexity, traffic and latency. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a population based search algorithm based on the swarm intelligence like social behavior of birds, bees or a school of fishes. To improve the algorithm efficiency and localization precision, this paper presents an objective function based on the normal distribution of ranging error and a method of obtaining the search space of particles. In this paper  Distributed localization of wireless sensor networksis proposed using PSO with best censoring technique using CRB. Proposed method shows better results in terms of position accuracy, latency and complexity.  

scholarly journals An Adaptive Scheduler for Real-Time Operating Systems to Extend WSN Nodes Lifetime

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Rodriguez-Zurrunero ◽  
Ramiro Utrilla ◽  
Elena Romero ◽  
Alvaro Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Changing Environments ◽  
Tasks Scheduling

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a growing research area as a large of number portable devices are being developed. This fact makes operating systems (OS) useful to homogenize the development of these devices, to reduce design times, and to provide tools for developing complex applications. This work presents an operating system scheduler for resource-constraint wireless devices, which adapts the tasks scheduling in changing environments. The proposed adaptive scheduler allows dynamically delaying the execution of low priority tasks while maintaining real-time capabilities on high priority ones. Therefore, the scheduler is useful in nodes with rechargeable batteries, as it reduces its energy consumption when battery level is low, by delaying the least critical tasks. The adaptive scheduler has been implemented and tested in real nodes, and the results show that the nodes lifetime could be increased up to 70% in some scenarios at the expense of increasing latency of low priority tasks.

Research Commentary: Analysis of Curriculum Standards: An Important Research Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dung Tran ◽  
Barbara J. Reys ◽  
Dawn Teuscher ◽  
Shannon Dingman ◽  
Lisa Kasmer
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Content Standards ◽  
Curriculum Standards ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Improving Student Learning

This commentary highlights the contribution that careful and systematic analyses of curriculum or content standards can make to questions and issues important in the mathematics education field. We note the increased role that curriculum standards have played as part of a standards-based education reform strategy. We also review different methods used by researchers to compare and analyze the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, each method designed for a particular purpose. Finally, we call upon mathematics education researchers to engage in careful analysis of curriculum standards and to share their findings in ways that can inform public debate as well as support education professionals in improving student learning opportunities.

scholarly journals On the Analysis of PM/FM Noise Radar Waveforms Considering Modulating Signals with Varied Stochastic Properties

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1727
Author(s):  
Leandro Pralon ◽  
Gabriel Beltrao ◽  
Alisson Barreto ◽  
Bruno Cosenza
Keyword(s):  
Random Phase ◽  
Research Area ◽  
General Term ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Noise Radar ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Spectrum Density ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Radar Waveforms ◽  
Stochastic Properties

Noise Radar technology is the general term used to describe radar systems that employ realizations of a given stochastic process as transmit waveforms. Originally, carriers modulated in amplitude by a Gaussian random signal, derived from a hardware noise source, were taken into consideration, justifying the adopted nomenclature. With the advances made in hardware as well as the rise of the software defined noise radar concept, waveform design emerges as an important research area related to such systems. The possibility of generating signals with varied stochastic properties increased the potential in achieving systems with enhanced performances. The characterization of random phase and frequency modulated waveforms (more suitable for several applications) has then gained considerable notoriety within the radar community as well. Several optimization algorithms have been proposed in order to conveniently shape both the autocorrelation function of the random samples that comprise the transmit signal, as well as their power spectrum density. Nevertheless, little attention has been driven to properly characterize the stochastic properties of those signals through closed form expressions, jeopardizing the effectiveness of the aforementioned algorithms as well as their reproducibility. Within this context, this paper investigates the performance of several random phase and frequency modulated waveforms, varying the stochastic properties of their modulating signals.

Climate change and employment relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Goods
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Workplace Relations ◽  
Important Research Area

A central, yet overlooked, aspect of contemporary employment relations is the growing impact climate change is having on workplace relations. This research note outlines how climate change and workplace relations are linked, the minimal academic focus this important research area has received and the limited response from employment relations actors to the climate change challenge. Some examples of ‘climate bargaining’ are given to demonstrate both the connection between employment relations and climate change and to provide possible models for meaningfully advancing climate change actions in the workplace.

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