Conceptual Model for Urban Interventions in Historic Cities based on Space Syntax

Urbanism today is a synthesis of inheritance, prevalence and futurism. As our inheritance struggles with the rapid transformations and anxiously waits for the future, their conservation becomes an issue related to our cognizance of the genuine relations between tangible and intangible properties. While urban development strategies enormously emphasis the issues on sustainability, social balance, public realm, environment and heritage, the space proxemics of cities are very often ignored. This model is designed in a way that combines analytical techniques of space syntax and cultural context for an objective enquiry into user precise space proxemics of the city and scientifically states the spatial configuration as visible spatial rules or principles of urbanism in the traditional urban cores, thereby evolving a rational approach towards urban interventions. This model caters both for conservation studies and as well for rejuvenation of existing built environments or to design new urban centers for developing traditional urban cores of any city. The model has its application for urban interventions in the chosen area with quantified syntactic parameters for their spatial configuration. This resulted in both cases improving and depriving the culture-precise-human-predilections about space proxemics affecting cultural integration values.

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PLANNING OF PRIVATE GATED DEVELOPMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF GATED VS NON-GATED NEIGHBOURHOODS, CITY OF GURUGRAM, INDIA

PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL ◽

10.21837/pm.v17i10.643 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Ajay Kaushik

Keyword(s):

Urban Landscape ◽

Spatial Configuration ◽

Space Syntax ◽

Gated Community ◽

Neighbourhood Environment ◽

Scholarly Literature ◽

The World ◽

Recent Trends ◽

The City

The cities are expanding rapidly all over the world. India has also experienced this phenomenon and has continued the pace of growth. The recent trends in spatial growth of the cities are a new phenomenon in Indian urban landscape. The cities in India are witnessing development with the help of private developers for the last couple of decades. Being private properties these are by nature of exercising control have gates and boundaries. In scholarly literature these are called as Gated Community/Gated Development. Authors have argued them from various perspectives of anthropology, law, management and sociology etc. but very little has been discussed about their planning and morphology. Although, the rise of Gated Development is majorly attributed to the sense of fear and need for security, yet architects and urban designers, and even sociologist stress upon other methods to make the neighbourhoods secured. Hence the security aspects are not made part of the research here. The aspects of how these gated development impacts the perception of neighbourhood by residents is not touched upon. The paper discusses the distinction between the gated and non-gated neighbourhoods and also how residents perceive their neighbourhoods at large. For explaining this phenomenon, three neighbourhoods in the city of Gurugram in Haryana state in India have been identified as case study. These are identified on the basis of different morphological images that are identified. Space syntax and space cognition through sketch mapping is used for the analysis of the three neighbourhoods. The paper suggest that the continuity and connectivity of any spatial configuration is of utmost importance to make neighbourhood environment worthy of living life more socially connected.

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Pragmatic Dominants of the Regional Menu Text

Tyumen State University Herald Humanities Research Humanitates ◽

10.21684/2411-197x-2020-6-4-24-47 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 24-47

Author(s):

Natalia N. Belozerova ◽

Anna A. ISAKOVA

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Cultural Integration ◽

Main Menu ◽

Structural Scheme ◽

Pragmatic Function ◽

Regional Component ◽

The City ◽

Integral Feature ◽

Cultural Features

This article examines restaurant menus as one of the components of the restaurant discourse. Any menu provides a great material for studying the linguistic and cultural features of discourse participants and the specifics of the language landscape in the city. Two restaurant menus in France (of the restaurant “La Tartine” in Albi) and in Russia (of the restaurant “Chum” in Tyumen) are considered with the aim of searching pragmatic dominants in this type of text. The research is based upon contextual, structural, semantic, and functional analysis of the main menu, children’s menu, and business lunch menu, among others, using the cognitive-pragmatic and linguistic and cultural approaches. Having taken into account the linguistic properties, the authors developed the structural scheme of a modern restaurant. The authors came to the conclusion that the semantics of dish names directly depends on the historical and cultural context, the elements of which often play the role of attractors and perform a pragmatic function. The regional component, revealed both in the composition of the dish and in its name, comes as a pragmatic dominant, influencing the consumer both implicitly (“La Tartine”) and explicitly (“Chum”). Any menu text has three main functions: informative. pragmatic, and communicative. Hybridity seems to be an integral feature of the text of the regional menu due to the ongoing cultural integration, which is reflected, among other things, in the nomination of dishes. The structure of any menu is subordinated to its pragmatic function (a strict structure for the main menu, simplified for a business lunch menu). The name of the dish comes as an attractor; the ingredients of the dish could be regarded as semantic components. Therefore, they can be considered as the general pragmatic dominant for regional restaurants both in France and Russia.

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SPACE SYNTAX ANALYSES IN DEFINING THE CONNECTION OF DEVELOPMENT CENTERS IN BALIKPAPAN

DIMENSI (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment) ◽

10.9744/dimensi.48.1.1-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Sherlia Sherlia ◽

Nadia Almira Jordan ◽

Elin Dyah Syafitri

Keyword(s):

Future Development ◽

Spatial Configuration ◽

Space Syntax ◽

Planning And Design ◽

New Development ◽

The Future ◽

Development Center ◽

The City

Old town means an historic or original core of a city which signifies the city’s origin growth. When the city develops and expands its built area, the emergence of a new development center will be inevitable. This study focuses on the connection of the old and new development center of Balikpapan city. In defining the mentioned connection, the authors use Space Syntax theory and depthmapX[net] software to analyze connectivity, integration and choice of the observed networks. Space Syntax analyses helped defining the spatial configuration of the old and the new center of development of Balikpapan city which has higher scores in main connectors and lower scores in local streets which also defines the movement and accessibility of the observed area. It is hoped that this study would be beneficial in guiding the planning and design of the future development of Balikpapan city that is appropriate with its spatial configuration.

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ANALISIS POLA KONFIGURASI RUANG TERBUKA KOTA DENGAN PENGGUNAAN METODA SPACE SYNTAX SEBAGAI SPATIAL LOGIC DAN SPACE USE

NALARs ◽

10.24853/nalars.17.2.113-128 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Muhammad Fajri Romdhoni

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Open Space ◽

Spatial Configuration ◽

Space Syntax ◽

Space Use ◽

Rapid Transit ◽

Syntax Analysis ◽

Spatial Logic ◽

Sporting Event ◽

The City

ABSTRAK. Pengembangan kota Palembang terus berkembang sejak adanya kegiatan Pekan Olah Raga Nasional PON dan juga SEA Games yang dilaksanakan di kota Palembang. Saat ini Palembang terus berbenah diri dengan menyosong dilaksanakannya kegiatan olah raga Asean Games di tahun 2018 ini. Berbagai pengembangan fisik kota dari dibangunan jaringan LRT (light rapid transit), pembangunan pusat perbelanjaan dan juga hotel-hotel baru hingga peremajaan dan pembangunan ruang terbuka untuk menampung kegiatan spatial dan kegiatan baik masyarakat kota Palembang itu sendiri ataupun untuk kepentingan pariwisata kota Palembang. Perkembangan ruang kota tersebut dirasakan peneliti dikerjakan dengan terburu-buru dan tidak disertai dengan perencanaan yang matang, sehingga menghasilkan produk yang tidak maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti konfigurasi ruang terbuka yang ada di kota Palembang, dan lokasi dari penelitian tersebut adalah ruang terbuka yang sangat terkenal di kota palembang yaitu ruang terbuka kawasan Benteng Kuto Besak. Di dalam ruang terbuka BKB tersebut terdapat beberapa elemen yang tidak sesuai dengan konfigurasi ruang terbuka yang baik, dan ditinjau dari analisis space syntax yang berguna untuk mengukur kualitas spatial, terlihat bahwa di ruang terbuka BKB tersebut tercipta beberapa ruang-ruang mati dan elemen di kawasan tersebut yang cenderung melemahkan kualitas spatial yang ada. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat ruang gerak yang wajar di ruang terbuka BKB, di dalam arsitektur hal tersebut dikenal dengan istilah spatial logic yang berguna untuk melihat arah pengembangan ruang terbuka agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal bagi space use konfigurasi ruang terbuka kota Palembang. Kata kunci: ruang terbuka, Benteng Kuto Besak, space syntax, spatial logic, space use ABSTRACT. The development of Palembang city has arisen since the National Sporting Event known as PON and also the Southeast Asian games known as SEA games thas is being held in the town. Nowadays the city has transformed itself and constantly changing for the preparation to hold another international sporting event known as Asian games in the year 2018. There are many development that is being done to the city from the building of the new infrastructure of Light Rapid Transit rails across the city and also the development of new shopping malls and even new hotels to the development of the towns open space that is a spatial spot that holds the public event and also has the particular needs to be developed to support the cities tourism. The researcher felt that development that is being done in the city is done carelessly and without careful planning and produces poor spatial products. This research purpose is to analyze the open space configuration carefully and the place that the research is being carried out is a well known open space in Palembang which is the open space of Benteng Kuto Besak, or that is well known as BKB. The elements inside BKB is not appropriate to the spatial configuration of good public space, and through the space syntax analysis to see the spatial quality we can see that there are dead spaces throughout the BKB area and the spatial elements inside the BKB are responsible for them. The purpose of this research is to understand the natural flow of space and to see the spatial logic that is intended for the BKB space. Through the spatial logic, we can also see the best space use designed for the BKB open space configuration pattern in Palembang. Keywords: open space, Benteng Kuto Besak, space syntax, spatial logic, space use

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Bill Hillier’s Legacy: Space Syntax—A Synopsis of Basic Concepts, Measures, and Empirical Application

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3394

Author(s):

Claudia Yamu ◽

Akkelies van Nes ◽

Chiara Garau

Keyword(s):

Spatial Organization ◽

Space Syntax ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Built Environments ◽

Sustainable Cities ◽

Sustainable City ◽

Spatial Properties ◽

Basic Concepts ◽

Scenario Testing ◽

The City

Bill Hillier’s space syntax method and theory enables us to describe the spatial properties of a sustainable city. Empirical testing of the space syntax method over time has confirmed the capacity and innovativeness of analyzing spatial relationships with the purpose of understanding and explaining the socio-spatial organization of built environments. However, the conceptual framework of space syntax elements is scattered around in various academic writings. This article, therefore, gives a holistic and compact overview of the various concepts that are used in space syntax, from its basic elements to various analytical techniques and theories. To achieve this compact overview, we reviewed all space syntax literature accessible since the 1970s for finding core references to various concepts used in space syntax. Following a short description of its foundation and evolution through the work of Bill Hillier, we explain its basic concepts and measures in the form of an extended glossary. Explanations are enriched with various space syntax analyses and scenario testing on various scales that were applied to the city of Rotterdam in the Netherlands. We conclude with a discussion about the advantages and limitations of space syntax and about how this method adds value to the creation of sustainable cities.

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Decoding the Spatial Configuration of the Ottoman Palace “Khdewedj El Amia” in Algiers (Algeria) through Space Syntax

Prostor ◽

10.31522/p.29.2(62).4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (2 (62)) ◽

pp. 192-211

Author(s):

Lamia Benyahia ◽

Abida Hamouda ◽

Narimene Moffok

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Spatial Configuration ◽

Vernacular Architecture ◽

Space Syntax ◽

Direct Perception ◽

Way Of Life ◽

Arab Population ◽

Social Logic ◽

Islamic Civilization ◽

Visibility Graph Analysis

Palaces of the Ottoman era, the Golden age of Islamic civilization, bear witness to a prestigious know-how, drawing its rules from a way of life governed by the Islamic Sharia, the socio-cultural context of the Berber-Arab population and the climate-physical environment. The palace of Khdewedj El Amia is one of the majestic palaces located at the Casbah of Algiers and constitutes the subject of this article whose objective is to decode its genome in order to understand the social logic of a space inhabited and designed by a princess who lost her sight. Hence the name El Amia, which means blind in Arabic. The decoding of this building used the space syntax approach via a visibility graph analysis (VGA) performed by the Depthmap tool and a quantitative analysis of the graph justified by the Agraph tool. It is about taking into account the way in which vernacular architecture can stimulate the direct perception of space and participate in the construction of the user’s path. It was found that the palace is made up of two entities; one is of public order highlighting the resident/alien interface, and another intended for the private apartments, the harem of the princess, isolated from the outside world.

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Inheritance development of compositional-spatial features of the city center

Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture ◽

10.33838/naoma.29.2020.12-21 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 12-21

Author(s):

Larisa Skoryk

Keyword(s):

Technological Progress ◽

Spatial Organization ◽

City Center ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Time System ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Spatial Features ◽

Historic City ◽

The City ◽

Historic Cities

The article considers the issues of the integrity of the spatial organization of urban centers in the process of their development due to the hereditary use of the features of external and internal compositional constructions and connections. The central part of the historic city, with all the variety of its microstructures, has the unity of internal compositional-spatial solutions of the open in space and time system of the city center. Particular attention is paid to the composition of urban centers, the desire for clarity of their definition, to emphasize the internal integrity, to highlight the structure of the city. At the same time, the center should be the focus of the characteristics of the city as a whole, to determine its image, uniqueness, individuality. Determining the basic principles of hereditary development of compositional and spatial features of urban centers expands the boundaries of research on the interdependence of semantic and semiotic characteristics of their structure in the process of development and in modern conditions. The city center is a concentrated imagination of the unusualness that is so necessary for the inhabitants of cities that are too uniform in the processes of modern technical and technological progress. These processes are inseparable from the threat of erasure of individual features in the field of urban planning, which today in comparison with the historical architectural and urban heritage is characterized by much less socio-humanistic specificity in only one city, but also the country and even a number of countries. This fact underlies the emotional-aesthetic phenomenon, which is the attraction of the inhabitants of anonymous cities to the uniqueness of the environment, preserved in the central parts of historic cities. That is why the preservation of the originality of the compositional and spatial constructions of the city center acquires special significance.

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Under and over: location, uses and discontinuities in a centrally located neighbourhood in João Pessoa city reflecting current urban planning effects

urbe Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana ◽

10.1590/2175-3369.011.e20180123 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Lucy Donegan ◽

José Augusto Ribeiro da Silveira ◽

Geovany Jessé Alexandre da Silva

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

Spatial Configuration ◽

Space Syntax ◽

High Potential ◽

City Centre ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Central Location ◽

Built Form ◽

Physical Attributes ◽

The City

Abstract This paper compares spatial configuration, built form and uses at Tambauzinho and Tambaú areas, in João Pessoa, Brazil. Although it is located between the old city centre and its expansion towards the coast, Tambauzinho presents little urban vitality, different from the expected in a central location, and to what happens in Tambaú. Understanding cities as problems in organized complexity, and that space configures fields of potential movement and encounters, physical attributes work together to facilitate urban vitality. The potential movement to and through places at various scales (according to space syntax framework) were analysed for the city and the areas and compared with built form and uses. Both areas' urban grid present high potential movement; however at Tambauzinho, local physical attributes and a highway crossing the neighbourhood hinder more legibility and walkability, interrupting local flows and visual and physical connections at street level, with poor qualities of sidewalks. Limited urban vitality in Tambauzinho is underlined by non-residential uses mostly concentrating at the areas’ northern periphery, whereas at Tambaú, they spread more throughout the area. Problems at Tambauzinho express a mainly vehicular oriented urban planning; understanding negative consequences aims to build knowledge, alleviating problems and re-directing future interventions.

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