scholarly journals BER of Various Modulation Techniques Under Atmospheric Turbulences

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Priyanka Bhardwaj ◽  
Aadi Jain ◽  
Manveen . ◽  
Richita Kamal ◽  
Rishab Chittlangia
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Interesting Conclusion ◽  
Modulation Techniques ◽  
Quadrature Phase ◽  
Modulation Methods ◽  
Selection Of

Noise in the communication channel is well established to be a threat to digital bit transmission, resulting in many mistakes at the bit level. Different modulation methods are studied in terms of BER, probability of error and SNR to better comprehend this. In the presence of specific levels of noise in the communication channel, this analysis yields an interesting conclusion that advises the employment of particular modulation methods. A comprehensive analysis of several modulation schemes has been considered. Those include On-Off Key modulation (OOK), Binary Phase Shift Key (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Key (QPSK), Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) and 8-Phase Shift Key (8-PSK). This analysis can aid in the selection of a modulation approach based on the channel condition.

Bit Error Rate Performance Analysis for Various Modulation Techniques using SUI Channel in Multi-Carrier System

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Ramakrishna .S ◽  
Priyatam Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Rate Performance ◽  
Frequency Division ◽  
Carrier System ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Modulation Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is of the strong prospects as a future wireless communication system. Improved spectral efficiency has been found in OFDM based on DFT, has a good orthogonality but inter symbol interference (ISI) and inter carrier interference (ICI) degrade the performance. ISI and ICI can be improved by using cyclic prefix (CP). About 20% of bandwidth is consumed by CP. For preferable performance DWT based OFDM gives better outlook than DFT based OFDM.. Three advantages of using DWT are desirable signal to noise ratio, desirable data rate and below per power requirement are given by wavelet based OFDM. Comparison of performances of BER using practical channel model known as Stanford University Interim (SUI) is given in this paper. Consideration to QPSK, 4QAM, 8QAM, 16 -QAM, 32QAM, 64-QAM, 128QAM and 256 QAM has been given in modeling. Channel condition and modulation are the pre - cursors given for the selection of particular performance.

scholarly journals Performance Examination of OFDM Modulation Techniques in LTE 4G

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3401-3404
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Phase Shift Keying ◽  
High Data ◽  
Modulation Techniques ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Modulation Methods ◽  
Performance Examination ◽  
Binary Phase Shift Keying

The digital modulation methods are being chosen in high data rate systems as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-A. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) is the simplest form of the PSK with double carrying capacity when compare to the other traditional techniques in modulation. In conventional method the performance was analyzed in MIMO .In this paper proposed the performance analysis of BPSK and QPSK modulator and demodulator in LTE 4G system models under the Additive white Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading by comparing the Bit Error Rate (BER). From the analysis, compare to BPSK QPSK has good BER. Using the MATLAB Simulink tool Implementation is performed.

Studying noise immunity of radio information transmission systems with noise-like phase-shift keyed signals and synchronization delay errors

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
G. N. Maltsev ◽  
A. V. Evteev
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Information Transmission ◽  
Noise Immunity ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Information Symbol ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Synchronization System ◽  
Correlation Receiver ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: Radio information transmission systems with noise-like phase-shift keyed signals based on pseudo-random sequences have potential noise immunity provided by accurately tracking the delay of the received signal in the correlation receiver. When working with moving objects, the delay of the received signal varies continuously, and the reception quality for noise-like phase-shifted signals highly depends on the synchronization system operation and on the accuracy of estimating the received signal delay by the tracking system. To ensure the required signal reception quality, it is necessary to provide an informed choice of tracking system parameters, taking into account their effects, which are the random and systematic components of the delay tracking error, on the selected noise immunity indicator.Purpose: Analyzing how the errors in tracking the delay of a received phase-shift keyed signal based on a pseudorandom sequence by the synchronization system of a radio information transmission system can affect the probability of erroneous reception of an information symbol.Results: The calculation method was used to obtain families of dependencies of the probability of erroneous reception of an information symbol on the signal-noise ratio (SNR), and the values of the random and systematic components of the delay tracking error which are normalized to the capture band of the correlation receiver. It has been shown that at a fixed SNR, the values of the random and systematic components of the delay tracking error are critical for the erroneous reception probability. In all the cases discussed, all the dependencies are characterized by a slow change of the erroneous reception probability while the synchronization errors within the area of small SNR have fixed values. As the SNR value grows, the erroneous reception probability rapidly drops. To ensure the specified signal reception quality and the reliability of the selection of information symbols and messages in a radio information transmission system with noise-like phase-manipulated signals, its synchronization system requires a joint selection of the tracking system parameters, taking into account the limitations imposed by the operating conditions and technical implementation features.Practical relevance: The obtained results can be used in noise immunity analysis of radio information transmission systems with noise-like phase-shift keyed signals in a wide range of communication conditions, and in providing technical solutions for synchronization systems ensuring the required quality of signal reception.

Restoring the Order of Information Packets Based on Hash Sequence Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-188
Author(s):  
M. O. Tanygin
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channel ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
Original Sequence ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Service Information ◽  
Field Information ◽  
Additional Service ◽  
Acceptable Reliability

Purpose of research. Currently, various technologies and methods are used to control the integrity and authenticity of data transmitted through open communication channels. One of them is the technology for transmitting sequences of information packets connected to each other in chains using certain cryptographic algorithms. Similar approaches are used in the well-known blockchain technology and are focused on large volumes of transmitted and protected information and large sizes of additional service information fields. The purpose of this article is to study the characteristics of systems, transmission of small information packets in comparison with traditional size frames of TCP/IP stack, in which the broken packet sequence order is restored using the chain method, by analyzing hash sequences available in each of such packets.Methods. In this article, simulation modeling, system analysis method, method of systematization and ranking of the obtained results are used.Results. It is shown that increasing the size of the additional field with the hash of the previous message from 4 to 6 bits has a significant effect on reducing the probability of erroneous restore of the order of information packets. Further increasing the length of the hash field reduces the probability of error by only 2 to 5 % for each additional bit of the hash field for any length of the chain being restored. It is shown that the coefficient of the usage of the communication channel (the ratio of useful chain of packets to the volume of information transmitted through the communication channel) is maximum when the length of the hash field is 6 in the whole range of sizes of the field information part of the data packet.Conclusion. The paper shows that the chain method is applicable for restoring the original sequence of information packets transmitted from the source to the receiver in systems where the preservation of the sequence of packets is not guaranteed. The obtained values of the transmission system parameters allow us to ensure acceptable reliability of data transmission with a minimum amount of additional service information, and achieve information redundancy less than that in similar ones by 10-15.

Digging deep? Digging more? A research on the influence of corporate CSR theme consistency strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xuhui Wang ◽  
Yingying Shen
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channel ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeAs the focal point of both academic studies and business practices, the theme strategy of corporate social responsibility (CSR) arouses wide attention. However, extant studies concentrate more on the selection of the theme of CSR activities, such as the fitness between CSR activities and the core business, thus largely neglecting the consistency of the theme. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the enterprise should adopt a consistent theme strategy or should participate in different social programs, and how do customers response to the lack of studies in different theme-consistent strategies.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, two progressive experiments are performed. The purpose of study 1 is to examine the influence of theme consistency on consumers’ CSR association and how consumers’ attribution to corporation motivation mediates such impacts. The purpose for study 2 is to examine whether information dissemination channels and cooperation with public organization could affect the influence of theme consistency strategy.FindingsThe significant influences of theme consistency on consumer CSR association was demonstrated, and consumer’s perceived motivation of CSR was found to play the mediation role. Moreover, the moderation effect of the communication channel of CSR information was found to be important to strengthen the influence of the theme-consistent strategy.Originality/valueThis paper not only demonstrates the influence of theme consistency, but also explains how theme consistency influences consumers’ attitude and behavior. It enriches the study on the antecedent variables of consumers’ attribution to corporate motivation.

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