scholarly journals Calculation and Development of the Device for Determining the Beginning, End and Extremum of Peak at the Output of the Adsorption Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3908-3910
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Pure Substances ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Purification

It is known that the solution of such fundamental problems as the direct conversion of thermal and solar energy into electrical energy, the creation of superconducting materials, thermally stable materials and the development of the nanotechnology industry is directly dependent on the solution to the problem of obtaining highly pure substances. In practice, purification systems such as distillation columns, centrifugebased devices, surface tension-based devices and adsorptionbased devices are used to purify substances from impurities. The development of technology currently predisposes to the use of adsorption separation of the method in the analysis of multicomponent mixtures in many industries and the national economy and is gradually taking the place of traditional chemical and physico-chemical methods. The production of highly pure substances with a percentage of microimpurities less than 10-6% is possible only when using an adsorption unit with a large number of columns used. In industrial production, the number of columns in this installation is from 5000 to 10000 pieces. In this case, the signals coming from the adsorption unit in the form of a peak described by the Gauss function characterize the percentage of the test substance and to automate this process, the necessary condition is the use of devices for processing this signal. The efficiency of adsorption methods is significantly increased due to the automation of data processing at the output of the adsorption installation, which develops mainly in three directions: the use of universal general purpose personal computers for processing, the use of specialized computing devices. In general, the automation process involves pairing the adsorption unit with a personal computer, and to achieve this, it is necessary to use such devices for processing signals at the output of the adsorption unit as amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters, and a device for determining the beginning and end of the peak. This article is devoted to the calculation and development of a device for determining the beginning and end of a peak at the output of an adsorption tube. The developed device can be used in the production of high-purity silicon. Having available silicon of high degree of purification there is a possibility of production of such electronic devices as-the diode, the transistor, chips and other various semiconductor devices which essentially differ on the qualitative indicators. Along with this, the use of materials with a high degree of purification gives ample opportunities to improve the quality of manufacturing solar cells and LEDs of increased power.

Energy Harvesting for Smart Shoes: A Real Life Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Frontoni ◽  
Adriano Mancini ◽  
Primo Zingaretti ◽  
Andrea Gatto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Localization ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Microprocessor Technology

Advanced technical developments have increased the efficiency of devices in capturing trace amounts of energy from the environment (such as from human movements) and transforming them into electrical energy (e.g., to instantly charge mobile devices). In addition, advancements in microprocessor technology have increased power efficiency, effectively reducing power consumption requirements. In combination, these developments have sparked interest in the engineering community to develop more and more applications that utilize energy harvesting for power. The approach here described aims to designing and manufacturing an innovative easy-to-use and general-purpose device for energy harvesting in general purpose shoes. The novelty of this device is the integration of polymer and ceramic piezomaterials accomplished by injection molding. In this spirit, this paper examines different devices that can be built into a shoe, (where excess energy is readily harvested) and used for generating electrical power while walking. A Main purpose is the development of an indoor localization system embedded in shoes that periodically broadcasts a digital RFID as the bearer walks. Results are encouraging and real life test are conducted on the first series of prototypes.

scholarly journals Development of the wave method of calculation operational parameters of a double-circuit power transmission line with known values of output voltages and currents at the end of the line

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
G. A. Bolshanin ◽  
M. P. Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Power Transmission Line ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Reflected Waves

Electrical energy from the place of its generation is transmitted to consumers of various capacities. The distance from the source of electrical energy to the consumer can vary from several meters to several thousand kilometers. In this regard, the accurate determination of the operating parameters of the power transmission line (PTL) is a mandatory and necessary condition for the PTL normal functioning. In the current-carrying parts of the double-circuit PTL there are six incident and six reflected waves of the electromagnetic field. They determine voltages and currents. A scheme is proposed for the distribution of these waves along linear wires of a homogeneous section of a double-circuit PTL. This scheme shows that the current-carrying parts of the adjacent wires have a significant impact on voltages and currents in one wire. This scheme illustrates the distribution of the amplitude values of electromagnetic field waves, defined as the integration constant. Using the integration constants, the propagation constants of electromagnetic waves along the linear wires of the PTL and the corresponding wave impedances, one can obtain the amplitude values of the incident and reflected waves at any point of the double- circuit PTL, and hence the currents and voltages in the double-circuit PTL. The article presents a method for determining the currents and voltages in a double-circuit PTL according to the load. The proposed method will allow determining the qualitative and quantitative indicators of electrical energy (induced voltage) appearing from each wire separately and provide the possibility of their elimination, which will improve the quality of electrical energy.

scholarly journals Attitudes Towards Statistics in Secondary Education: Findings from fsQCA

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Peiró-Signes ◽  
Óscar Trull ◽  
Marival Segarra-Oña ◽  
J. Carlos García-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Attitudes Toward Statistics ◽  
High Degree

Students report a high degree of anxiety and reduced self-confidence when facing statistical subjects, especially in secondary education. This anxiety turns into poor academic performance. Most studies have used linear models for studying the interrelation between different attitudes and proving their impact on performance or related variables. This study uses a different approach to explain and better understand the causal patterns of factors stimulating lower levels of anxiety in students when facing statistics in secondary education. We employed the Multi-factorial Scale of Attitudes Toward Statistics (MSATS) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) on a sample of 95 secondary school students in Spain. We identified the recipes or causal combination of factors, leading to low and high levels of anxiety. The results indicate that self-confidence and motivation are important factors in these recipes, but there is no single necessary condition that ensures lower levels of anxiety.

Direct Conversion of Chemical Energy into Electrical Energy in the Combustion of a Thin Three-Layer Charge

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-685
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Barinov ◽  
D. Yu. Kovalev ◽  
S. G. Vadchenko ◽  
O. A. Golosova ◽  
V. V. Prosyanyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Layer Charge

scholarly journals Software Polarization Spectrometer "PolariS"

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1450010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Mizuno ◽  
Seiji Kameno ◽  
Amane Kano ◽  
Makoto Kuroo ◽  
Fumitaka Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Graphics Processing Unit ◽  
Zeeman Splitting ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Device Architecture ◽  
Graphics Processing ◽  
High Degree

We have developed a software-based polarization spectrometer, PolariS, to acquire full-Stokes spectra with a very high spectral resolution of 61 Hz. The primary aim of PolariS is to measure the magnetic fields in dense star-forming cores by detecting the Zeeman splitting of molecular emission lines. The spectrometer consists of a commercially available digital sampler and a Linux computer. The computer is equipped with a graphics processing unit (GPU) to process FFT and cross-correlation using the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) library developed by NVIDIA. Thanks to a high degree of precision in quantization of the analog-to-digital converter and arithmetic in the GPU, PolariS offers excellent performances in linearity, dynamic range, sensitivity, bandpass flatness and stability. The software has been released under the MIT License and is available to the public. In this paper, we report the design of PolariS and its performance verified through engineering tests and commissioning observations.

scholarly journals Engineering Enzymes for Energy Production

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 652 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Ollis ◽  
Jian-Wei Liu ◽  
Bradley J. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Entire Energy

Harvesting the energy of sunlight can be achieved with a variety of processes and as one becomes obsolete, others will need to be developed to replace it. The direct conversion of sunlight into electrical energy could be used to provide power. Energy could also be obtained by combusting hydrogen produced by splitting of water with sunlight. None of these direct approaches will entirely satisfy the entire energy needs of a modern economy and the conversion of biological materials into liquid fuels for transport and other applications may prove to be important for tomorrow’s energy needs. In fact, biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel are already used in many countries. However, the long-term viability of these fuels depends on the efficiency of the processes used to produce them. We outline here a method by which ethanol can be produced using enzymes that can be optimized for this purpose.

Ternary Copper-Based Diamond-Like Semiconductors for Thermoelectric Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald T Morelli ◽  
Eric J. Skoug
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Climate Control

AbstractThermoelectric materials can provide sources of clean energy and increase the efficiency of existing processes. Solar energy, waste heat recovery, and climate control are examples of applications that could benefit from the direct conversion between thermal and electrical energy provided by a thermoelectric device. The widespread use of thermoelectric devices has been prevented by their lack of efficiency, and thus the search for high-efficiency thermoelectric materials is ongoing. Here we describe our initial efforts studying copper-containing ternary compounds for use as high-efficiency thermoelectric materials that could provide low-cost alternatives to their silver-containing counterparts. The compounds of interest are semiconductors that crystallize in structures that are variants of binary zincblende structure compounds. Two examples are the compounds Cu2SnSe3 and Cu3SbSe4, for which we present here preliminary thermoelectric characterization data.

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