scholarly journals Linear Sliding Stem Control Valve Hunting Analysis and Extrapolation of Valve Monitoring Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385-1389
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Control Valves ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Plant Optimization ◽  
Maintenance Process

Control Valve is one of the major final control elements used in industries and plays a vital role in enhancing the productivity of a plant. Optimization of control valve depends on the effective preventive maintenance schedule. Control valves may be overhauled from the pipeline when there is a suspicion of fault. Almost 80% of the control valve maintenance relates to the diagnosis of valve in service to detect any abnormality. When a fault is identified the preventive maintenance process shifts to the breakdown maintenance process. During this process the control valve components are tested to determine the cause of the problem and to establish a corrective course of action. With the developments in microprocessor based control valve instruments along with their diagnostics capabilities has allowed engineers to simplify the maintenance activities. These digital devices can identify problems related with instrument air quality, leakage, supply pressure restriction, excessive friction, dead band, and calibration shift. Troubleshooting control valves after installing in the field is a tedious process as it is difficult to discriminate whether the problem is in the control valve or in the controller tuning. This article presents a novel method using sensors to identify the problems related with the control valve hunting, to pinpoint the source of error and present the performance results to end user. The objective of this research is to reduce manual intervention in troubleshooting of control valves and to enhance the predictive maintenance resulting in cost effective production.

Sustainability Analysis of Prototyping Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandasamy Jayakrishna ◽  
P. Sanjay Guar ◽  
R. Senthilkumar ◽  
Nagarajan Aathis
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Sustainability Analysis ◽  
Solid Works

Development of prototypes draws major focus in contemporary manufacturing organisations. Sustainability analysis and comparison of the prototype manufacturing process plays a vital role in deciding the sustainability level of the product. Sustainability of prototyping depends on model building material and model building process. In this paper based on the customer requirements, Environmental Conscious Quality Function Deployment (ECQFD) was carried out. Increased lives, strength, reduced toxicity of material with biodegradability were the major outputs of ECQFD. Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES) and Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) were used for material selection. Wood, ABS, Poly Lactic acid (PLA) and Lead were selected as cost efficient materials for the case product. A CAD model of the case product was developed and subjected to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) using solid works sustainability express for the above materials. Prototypes of the case products where produced by wood carving, casting, CNC Milling and 3D printing by considering all input parameters required across each process. LCA was conducted using GaBi for the above process and the results were compared. From this study, it was observed that the case product developed using PLA with 3D printing technology had very less impact on environment and is considered as the best and cost effective prototyping method.

Children’s perception towards parents on learning Mathematics in Sindhuli district

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Yam Prasad Pandeya
Keyword(s):  
Parent Involvement ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mathematical Achievement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Parental factors play vital role in academic attainment of their offspring. Motivation and counseling stimulate someone to take a desired course of action. This paper attempts to explore the perception of children towards their patents in support, involvement, counseling, and motivation on learning mathematics. This study employed survey research design of the quantitative approach. The total population of the study was90 students (15 students from each six schools) enrolled in Grade ix of Sindhuli district in 2019. The data were collected through self-structured questionnaire using three points-Likert scale items. Mean and standard deviation of each item were calculated and Chi-square test at 5% level of significance was used to test the hypothesis. The finding of this study shows that the parents of Sindhuli district are very conscious about the study of their children whatever their educational level. This study suggests that parent involvement is an inseparable component to promote mathematical achievement of their offspring.

Outside the Box: Innovative Application of Diversion as a Replacement for Bridge Plug

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chang ◽  
De Qiang Yi ◽  
Yang Lv ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Peng Liang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Particle Fracture ◽  
Sand Body ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Treatment Analysis ◽  
Casing Deformation

Abstract Effective stage-to-stage isolation is typically accomplished by setting a bridge plug in a properly cemented casing between stages. This isolation plays a vital role in a horizontal well multistage fracturing completion. Failure of isolation not only impacts the well productivity but also wastes fracturing materials. The challenges isolation failure poses for stimulation effectiveness include both detection and remediation. First, there has been historically no reliable and cost-effective solution to detect stage-to-stage isolation onsite. One may only start to realize this problem when inconsistent production is observed. Second, existing remedial actions are seldom satisfying in case of an isolation failure. Most commonly, a new plug is set to replace the failed one. However, because the perforation clusters of an unstimulated stage may create irregularities in well inside diameter (ID) (e.g., casing deformation or burr), there is a risk that the plug will be damaged or become stuck when it passes the perforation area. Also, when the plug passes a perforation cluster, the perforations start to take in the pump-down fluid, which can increase the difficulty of the pump-down job. A novel remedial action uses high-frequency pressure monitoring (HFPM) and diversion to solve both challenges. The stage isolation integrity is evaluated in quasi-real time by analyzing the water hammer after the pump shutdown. In the case of a plug failure, large-particle fracture diversion materials and techniques can establish temporary wellbore isolation through a quick and simple delivery process. To close the cycle, the effect of the diversion can be evaluated by HFPM, which can reveal the fluid entry point of the treatment fluid after diversion. The technique was applied to two cases in Ordos basin in which wellbore isolation failure interrupted the operation. The problem identification, development of the solution workflow, and observation from treatment analysis are discussed. In both cases, the stage-to-stage isolation was recovered, and the drilled sand body was successfully stimulated without involving costly and time-consuming well intervention. The stimulation operation of the entire well was successfully resumed in a timely manner.

scholarly journals Vulnerability based management of water resources systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Kanakoudis
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Water System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Maintenance Policy ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Water Resources Systems ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Preventive Maintenance Policy

Must the water networks be fail-proof or must they remain safe during a failure? What must water system managers try to achieve? The present paper introduces a methodology for the hierarchical analysis (in time and space) of the preventive maintenance policy of water supply networks, using water supply system performance indices. This is being accomplished through a technical–economic analysis that takes into account all kinds of costs referring to the repair or replacement of trouble-causing parts of the water supply network. The optimal preventive maintenance schedule suggested by the methodology is compared with the empirically based maintenance policy applied to the Athens water supply system.

scholarly journals Progress on the Synthesis and Application of CuSCN Inorganic Hole Transport Material in Perovskite Solar Cells

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Funeka Matebese ◽  
Raymond Taziwa ◽  
Dorcas Mutukwa
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Recombination Processes ◽  
Short Synthesis ◽  
P Type

P-type wide bandgap semiconductor materials such as CuI, NiO, Cu2O and CuSCN are currently undergoing intense research as viable alternative hole transport materials (HTMs) to the spiro-OMeTAD in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Despite 23.3% efficiency of PSCs, there are still a number of issues in addition to the toxicology of Pb such as instability and high-cost of the current HTM that needs to be urgently addressed. To that end, copper thiocyanate (CuSCN) HTMs in addition to robustness have high stability, high hole mobility, and suitable energy levels as compared to spiro-OMeTAD HTM. CuSCN HTM layer use affordable materials, require short synthesis routes, require simple synthetic techniques such as spin-coating and doctor-blading, thus offer a viable way of developing cost-effective PSCs. HTMs play a vital role in PSCs as they can enhance the performance of a device by reducing charge recombination processes. In this review paper, we report on the current progress of CuSCN HTMs that have been reported to date in PSCs. CuSCN HTMs have shown enhanced stability when exposed to weather elements as the solar devices retained their initial efficiency by a greater percentage. The efficiency reported to date is greater than 20% and has a potential of increasing, as well as maintaining thermal stability.

Internet plus policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalin Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Cooperative Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and determine the best course of action for policymakers in China when dealing with the implementation of best practices for the internet of things (IoT). The recently introduced Internet Plus strategy is an attempt by Chinese policymakers to boost the Chinese economy by diminishing its reliance on manufacturing and export in favor of a knowledge-based economy driven by services and the tech sector. The IoT is arguably one of the key drivers behind this transformation. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts an analysis of existing literature on the IoT and uses two complimentary theories, resource-based view and dynamic capabilities theory, to determine a set of policy recommendations. Findings A cooperative relationship between policymakers, start-up firms and academia is essential to the success of the IoT. The artificial intelligence industry also plays a key role in the development of the IoT and requires strategic funding and favorable policy. Finally, established and cost-effective standards and practices are much more likely to be effective than new and costly alternatives. Originality/value This paper examines the newly established field of the IoT and sets out a number of policy recommendations needed for its success. To achieve this, the author uses two complimentary theories unique to the business management field but increasingly compatible with the Chinese public policy sector.

scholarly journals Fault Tolerant Control Design for Feedwater System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Eltayb
Keyword(s):  
Controller Design ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Fault Tolerant Control ◽  
Control Valves ◽  
Hardware Failure ◽  
Water Storage Tank ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
On Line ◽  
Hardware Failures

Fault tolerant control (FTC) is essential nowadays in the automation industry. It provides a means for higher equipment availability. Fault in dynamical systems can occur due to the deviation of the system parameters from the normal operating range. Alternatively, it can be a structural change from the normal situation of continuous operation such as the blocking of an actuator due to the mechanical stiction. In this research project, a fault tolerant controller is designed with Matlab Simulink for a feedwater system. The feedwater system components are modified to work under embedded controller design with FTC attached to it. Feedwater systems usually consist of a de-aerator or simply a water storage tank, feedwater pumps, control valves, piping and support fitting elements such as chock valves, anges, hoses and relief valves, beside instrumentation devices like level transmitters, flow transmitters, pressure regulators. The faults are injected separately for each device. Fault diagnostic is used to detect and identify the faults by Limit-checking method. Then a controller is reconfigured to take the action of correcting the hardware failures in the control valve, level sensor, and feedwater pump. The simulation results revealed that the redundant components can take over and handle the process operation when the fault occurs at the duty components. Level sensors are set to work in on-line mode, while the control valves are set to work in off-line mode, due to the mechanical parts movement. Setting the control valves in on-line mode reduces the probability of valve stiction and elongates the component availability. The results reveal the operation of feedwater system is not stopped when a hardware failure takes place in all feedwater system major components. Moreover, the disturbances are not considered in this research as there are many control techniques that can be used to handle the disturbance in a robust way.

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