scholarly journals Short Literature Review on Diagnosis of CKD using Gas Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Type I ◽  
The People ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type I ◽  
End Stage

According to the recent survey, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus type I & II are very common among the people now a days. The portable and user friendly devices like sphygmomanometer, Glucometer are developed for the diagnosis of Blood pressure (BP) and blood glucose respectively, which are available commercially. This literature review focuses on the development of portable CKD diagnosis system using different types of gas sensors. The Ammonia is marked as the major biomarker in the diagnosis of any kidney disease, the presence of elevated concentration of ammonia in the breath of a person reflects any kidney problem in the body. This Ammonia and other gases which constitute the kidney problem like Nitrogen oxide which acts as the biomarker for end stage acute kidney disorder are diagnosed with the help of several gas sensors like Ammonia gas sensor, Gold Nano particles sensors, Nano composites sensors etc., It is possible to develop a system for the diagnosis of CKD using the gas sensors which could reduce the time consuming regular clinical diagnosis of the same.

THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: THE STATE OF THE PROBLEM AND THE WAYS OF SOLVING

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Volkova ◽  
O. D. Dygun ◽  
B. G. Lukichev ◽  
S. V. Dora ◽  
O. V. Galkina
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Low T3 ◽  
Iodine Excretion

Disturbance of the thyroid function is often detected in patients with different profiles. A special feature of patients with chronic kidney  disease is the higher incidence of various thyroid function  disturbances, especially hypothyroidism. It is known that in patients  with chronic kidney disease (CKD) iodine excretion from the body is  violated, since normally 90% of iodine is excreted in urine.  Accumulation of high concentrations of inorganic iodine leads to the  formation of the Wolf-Chaikoff effect: suppression of iodine  organization in the thyroid gland and disruption of the thyroid  hormones synthesis. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones is  also disturbed, namely, deiodinase type I activity is suppressed and  peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 is inhibited (so-called low T3  syndrome). Therefore, patients with CKD are often diagnosed with  hypothyroidism, and the origin of hypothyroidism is not always  associated with the outcome of autoimmune thyroiditis. The article  presents an overview of a large number of population studies of  thyroid gland dysfunction in patients with CKD, as well as  experimental data specifying the pathogenetic mechanisms of  thyroid dysfunction in patients with CKD. Therapeutic tactics are still  not regulated. However, in a number of studies, replacement therapy with thyroid hormones in patients with CKD had some advantages.

scholarly journals Protection of Residual Renal Function and Nutritional Treatment: First Step Strategy for Reduction of Uremic Toxins in End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Adamasco Cupisti ◽  
Piergiorgio Bolasco ◽  
Claudia D’Alessandro ◽  
Domenico Giannese ◽  
Alice Sabatino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Hemodialysis Treatment ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Kidney Replacement Therapy ◽  
End Stage

The retention of uremic toxins and their pathological effects occurs in the advanced phases of chronic kidney disease (CKD), mainly in stage 5, when the implementation of conventional thrice-weekly hemodialysis is the prevalent and life-saving treatment. However, the start of hemodialysis is associated with both an acceleration of the loss of residual kidney function (RKF) and the shift to an increased intake of proteins, which are precursors of uremic toxins. In this phase, hemodialysis treatment is the only way to remove toxins from the body, but it can be largely inefficient in the case of high molecular weight and/or protein-bound molecules. Instead, even very low levels of RKF are crucial for uremic toxins excretion, which in most cases are protein-derived waste products generated by the intestinal microbiota. Protection of RKF can be obtained even in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) by a gradual and soft shift to kidney replacement therapy (KRT), for example by combining a once-a-week hemodialysis program with a low or very low-protein diet on the extra-dialysis days. This approach could represent a tailored strategy aimed at limiting the retention of both inorganic and organic toxins. In this paper, we discuss the combination of upstream (i.e., reduced production) and downstream (i.e., increased removal) strategies to reduce the concentration of uremic toxins in patients with ESKD during the transition phase from pure conservative management to full hemodialysis treatment.

scholarly journals Awareness regarding body and organ donation amongst the population of an urban city in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 051-057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishaly K. Bharambe ◽  
Rathod H. ◽  
Paranjape V. M. ◽  
Kanaskar N. ◽  
Shevade S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Urban City ◽  
The People ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Body Donation

Abstract Purpose : Bodies for purpose of dissection and organs for transplantation surgeries are needed for education of medical students and treatment of cases of end-stage organ failure. However deceased organ donation rate in India is very dismal. In the present study the authors assess the knowledge and attitude of the people living in an urban city in India towards organ and body donation. Materials/Methods : A questionnaire was distributed amongst all willing patients and their relatives attending the out-patient Department at our Hospital. This was followed by an awareness session wherein the researchers discussed body and organ donation and its need in India. Information sheet was handed to all and the willing respondents were given eye and body donation forms, and donor cards. Result: 41/65 people consented to participate. 41.5%, 31.7%, 12.2% and 12.2% had obtained knowledge regarding organ donation from newspaper, television, family members and internet respectively. 26.8% claimed that they were imparted knowledge by health care professionals. 78%, 53.7% and 19.5% were aware about eye, kidney and liver donations respectively. 17.1% were aware of body and lung donation each. Awareness of donation of other organs was found to be in the range between 4.9% to 14.6%. 43.9% were willing to be organ donors and 3 persons filled the body donation forms. Conclusion: Newspapers, healthcare professionals could be utilized to further the awareness regarding body and organ donation. Carrying out awareness programmes will help to reach information to each individual, clarifying any myths and increasing understanding and motivation levels among

Autopsy Findings of a Case with Oxalosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basak Doganavsargil ◽  
Ipek Akil ◽  
Sait Sen ◽  
Sevgi Mir ◽  
Gulcin Basdemir
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperoxaluria ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Hyperoxaluria Type I ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I ◽  
Hyperoxaluria Type

Oxalosis, deposition of calcium oxalate in tissues, is the final stage of hyperoxaluric syndromes. Being a rare entity, it is often missed, or the diagnosis is delayed, since the definitive diagnosis requires special laboratory tests. Kidneys, the walls of blood vessels, and bones are the major sites for crystal deposition. We report the autopsy findings of a 4-year-old girl who presented with end-stage renal disease in which the clinical presentation was consistent with primary hyperoxaluria Type I. The case is unusual, as there was extensive crystal deposition throughout the body, including in tissues that are rarely involved, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, thymus, salivary glands, pancreas, and bladder.

scholarly journals 122CLINICIAN ATTITUDES REGARDING THE UTILITY OF FRAILTY TOOLS IN MANAGING OLDER ADULTS WITH END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE: LITERATURE REVIEW AND SURVEY STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i32-i35
Author(s):  
A P W Kumarasinghe ◽  
C Inderjeeth ◽  
S Maher ◽  
A Chakera ◽  
S Dogra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Adhyayan of Tvak Sharir W.S.R. to preventive aspects of Tvak Vikara through Ayurveda.

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Mestri ◽  
Manoj Jagtap ◽  
Kranti Metkar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
The People ◽  
Touch Sensation

Tvak(skin) is the largest organ of the body and one among the panchagyanendriya. The primary function of this organ is touch sensation i.e. sparsha dnyana. It also has a great cosmetic value. Now a day most of the people are suffering from one or more skin diseases. Improper life style, use of chemical cosmetic products, pollution, busy &stressful life are the causes for skin diseases. It may affect people of all age groups i.e. from neonates to elderly person.    Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Sadvritta, Viruddha aahara are some of the unique measures mentioned by ancient aacharyas for prevention as well as cure of skin diseases. For e.g: - Abhyanga-By application of oil daily twak prasadana occurs at the same time it provides relief from the diseases occur due to dry skin. Literature review of the above concepts was taken from Brihat trayee & measures for prevention of skin diseases were studied.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF JAMU IN PUERPERAL MOTHER IN SUMATERA AND JAVA ISLAND (LITERATURE REVIEW OF HEALTH ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2012-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Zulfa Auliyati Agustina ◽  
Yunita Fitrianti
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Health Research And Development

ABSTRACTIndonesian people used to consume herbal medicines called "jamu", which is as a hereditary alternative medicine, to heal or fresh the body. Furthermore, the postpartum mother, who needs recovery after birth, also drinks the herbs. This essay employed a literature review of 14 ethnographic books conducted by National Institute of Health Research and Development, which focused on the herbal medicines for puerperal mothers. The results of the literature review revealed that the majority of mothers in Java and Sumatera using jamu during the postpartum period to heal and recover the mother's health. Not only do the mother drink jamu, but she also applies certain herbs on her body. Clinical trials have proved the efficacy of ingredients for herbal medicines. Therefore, people prefer to use the herbs because it is easy to find and inexpensive, and it also has a long-term effect on the mother's health and fitness. However, herbal medicine, which is usually employed by the people, needs further research, in particular, the dose of jamu. So, herbal medicine based on local wisdom can be one of consideration in the health development program. Keyword: Jamu, Pueperal, Traditional

scholarly journals Magnesium in Chronic Kidney Disease: Should We Care?

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther R. van de Wal-Visscher ◽  
Jeroen P. Kooman ◽  
Frank M. van der Sande
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Magnesium (Mg) is an essential cation for multiple processes in the body. The kidney plays a major role in regulating the Mg balance. In a healthy individual, total-body Mg content is kept constant by interactions among intestine, bones and the kidneys. Summary: In case of chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal regulatory mechanisms may be insufficient to balance intestinal Mg absorption. Usually Mg remains normal; however, when glomerular filtration rate declines, changes in serum Mg are observed. Patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis are largely dependent on the dialysate Mg concentration for maintaining serum Mg and Mg homeostasis. A low Mg is associated with several complications such as hypertension, and vascular calcification, and also associated with an increased risk for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality. Severe hypermagnesaemia is known to cause cardiac conduction defects, neuromuscular effects and muscle weakness; a slightly elevated Mg has been suggested to be beneficial in patients with end-stage renal disease. Key Messages: The role of both low and high Mg, in general, but especially in relation to CKD and dialysis patients is discussed.

scholarly journals Obesity and risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1145-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Yun Lin ◽  
Jia-Sin Liu ◽  
Szu-Chun Hung
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background Obesity is a risk factor for de novo chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population. Obesity has been increasingly prevalent in patients with CKD and may lead to further progression of pre-existing CKD. However, whether obesity is associated with the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with CKD is not well understood. Objective We investigated the impact of obesity on ESRD (needing chronic dialysis treatment or pre-emptive renal transplantation) or all-cause mortality in patients with moderate to advanced CKD. Design A total of 322 patients with stages 3–5 CKD who were not yet on dialysis were prospectively followed for a median of 4.9 y. Obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI, in kg/m2) ≥30 or body fat percentage (BF%) >25% in men and >35% in women. BF% was assessed with the use of the Body Composition Monitor, a multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy device. Results In total, 100 participants progressed to ESRD and 39 participants died. Obesity, whether defined by BMI or BF%, was not associated with a significantly increased risk of ESRD in Cox proportional hazards models that adjusted for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine protein:creatinine ratio, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors or statins, accounting for the competing risk for mortality (subdistribution HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.62, 2.14 for BMI-defined obesity and subdistribution HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.54, 1.29 for BF%-defined obesity, respectively). Results were similar when BMI and BF% were analyzed as continuous or time-dependent variables. Whereas higher BMI was protective, higher BF% appeared to be associated with increased all-cause mortality. Conclusions Obesity did not confer an increased risk of ESRD in patients with moderate to advanced CKD. This trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03285074.

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