scholarly journals Vehicular Crash Signaling System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12876-12880
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Services ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Alert Message ◽  
Accident Response ◽  
The Impact

The rise in demand for automobiles has resulted in a palpable increase in the traffic density, thereby giving way to more road accidents over time. Many a times, casualties of a road accident fail to live after they fall victim to poor emergency facilities and inadequate accident response time. It is not viable to anticipate road accidents but the repercussions can be minimized at the very least. If given immediate medical attention and care, the number of deaths caused as a result of road accidents could be reduced to a considerably low number. The primary hindrance in casualties receiving appropriate medical care is the fact that the rescue services do not receive any piece of information about the accident and sometimes, even when the information is passed on, it is usually received late. Hence to ensure that victims get adequate medical help on time, there is a need for an efficient automatic system. The Crash Signaling System uses a combination of technologies such as vibration sensor, Zigbee, GSM and GPS modules that detects the impact of the accident as well as the point of accident and conveys the information of the location to the nearby emergency care unit. It also sends information about the point of accident to the vehicles in the vicinity which then would help the drivers of oncoming vehicles to stay alert and drive cautiously. The ZigBee module assists in sending the alert message about the point of accident to the vehicles in the vicinity. The proposed system ensures that the emergency services are made accessible to accident victims in a timely manner and shares the information of the accident to the nearest hospital or rescue team via a GSM module. Besides it also sends a message to the victim’s emergency contacts. This system can be used in all in all vehicles for accident detection and reporting. VANET is a similar wireless communication technology which employs V2V and V2I

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Influencing the Density of Fatalities on National Roads in Poland

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kustra ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Density of Fatalities on National Roads in PolandIn Poland 20% of the total number of accidents occur on the national roads, which constitute 7% of the length of all roads. In the case of fatalities this share is significantly higher as it constitutes up to 36% of the total casualties. In accordance with the EU Directive (Journal of Laws EU L. 319/59) the level of road traffic safety should be raised by targeting investment on the most dangerous road sections. Finding the dependence between road and traffic factors and the number of accidents and casualties of road accidents may be helpful in predicting safety levels and selecting road traffic safety improvement measures. The paper presents the experience of other countries and preliminary tests results of the impact of the selected factors on the density and the number of road accident fatalities on the national roads in Poland.

scholarly journals Modelling road traffic safety indices by means of regression with panel data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup ◽  
Marzena Nowakowska
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Indices ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Although the occurrence of road accidents and the number of road accident casualties in almost all Polish voivodeships has decreased over the last few years, the rate of this change varies considerably from region to region. To provide a better understanding of such a tendency, panel data regression models are proposed to conduct this pilot research which evaluates the relative performance of Polish regions in terms of their road traffic safety. Panel data are multi-dimensional data which involve measurements over time. In the research, a voivodeship is a unit analysed at a group level, whereas a year is a unit analysed at a time level. A two-way error component regression model has been applied to survey the impact of regressors, the group effects, and time effects on a dependent variable. The analysis has been conducted using data acquired from the Statistics Poland Local Data Bank website, as well as from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The panel data from 16 regions in Poland and the 2012–2018 period have been investigated. The examined models refer to road traffic safety indices defined based on the following characteristics: the number of road accidents, the number road fatalities, and the number of people injured. The results of all the three models indicate a negative effect as regards the GDP per capita, (car) motorisation rate, the indicator of government expenditure for current maintenance of national roads, and the road length per capita. A positive association has been found between the truck motorisation rate and the indicator of local government expenditure on roads. The impact of the region's urbanisation indicators on road safety is ambiguous as, on the one hand, its increase causes a reduction in the road accident and accident injury indices, but, on the other hand, it produces a rise in the accident fatality index. In the models, the significance of time effects has been identified; a decreasing time trend suggests a general improvement in road safety from year to year. Most of the group effects have turned out to be highly significant. However, the effects differ as regards both the road accident and the accident injury indices in magnitude and direction.

scholarly journals Risk Analysis of Toll Road Accident Using Fmea and Ahp Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Edelweis Gent Haryanto ◽  
Eva Azhra Latifa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Fmea Method ◽  
Death And Loss ◽  
Fmea Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Road accidents are one of the leading causes of death in the world. It is not only the victims that killed or seriously injured, but accidents significantly affected the quality of life of the people as well as economic and social development in the country. However, the threat of road accidents has not been fully recognized, and has not been well studied even though it is one of the most frequent causes of human death and loss of property. This research was conducted to determine the causes of accidents on the toll road with the FMEA method (Failure Mode Effect Analysis) which is divided into 3 factors: human factors, vehicle factors, and road factors. After that, determining the alternative solutions for dealing with accidents on toll roads using the Analytical Hierarchy Process based on 3 criteria: cost, time and impact. The results showed that based on FMEA analysis, the highest risk factors were found to be human factors caused by negligence. Based on risk factors due to negligence, the results of AHP analysis are: the impact criteria as the main criteria with a weight value of 0.77, and the chosen alternative solution is the fulfillment of functional feasibility with global weight 0.42. Fulfillment of functional feasibility can be done by adding road equipment such as traffic signs and rumble stripe markers.

Vehicle Accident Automatic Detection and Remote Alarm Device

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Goud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical System ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical System ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rescue Team ◽  
Alert Message ◽  
Optimum Solution

<p>The Rapid growth of  technology and infrastructure has made our lives more easy . The advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the  road  accident take place frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. An accelerometer can be used in a car alarm application so that dangerous driving can be detected . It can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With signals from an accelerometer, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately Vibration sensor will detect the signal or if a car rolls over, an Micro electro mechanical system(MEMS) sensor will detects the signal and sends it to ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team. So the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS MODEM, after receiving the information. Then after conforming the location necessary action will be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone`s life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.</p> <p>This paper is useful in detecting the accident precisely by means of both vibration sensor and Micro electro Mechanical system(MEMS) or accelerometer. As there is a scope for improvement and as a future implementation we can add a wireless webcam for capturing the images which will help in providing driver`s assistance.</p> <p>Keywords - Accident ,Automatic Detection, Micro electro Mechanical system , Remote Alarm Device, Vehicle</p>

ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS OF ROAD ACCIDENTS IN BULGARIA IN LIGHT OF THE PRIORITIES OF EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES

2019 ◽  
pp. 626-632
Author(s):  
Georgi Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
European Area ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact

Road safety in the European Union has improved significantly in recent decades (EU roads are the safest in the world), but the number of fatalities and injuries is still too high. This is very much true for Bulgaria because, within the European area, it is in the group with the highest number of road accident victims who bear not only material losses. Bulgaria, as a member state of the European Union, implements European policies in its legislation and constantly updates its legal framework. In recent years, a number of new initiatives have been taken to reduce trauma and victims on Bulgaria's roads. However, the results achieved are not satisfactory and they are far from what was planned in the previous planning documents. This report classifies the major factors and their elements affecting road accidents in Bulgaria according to the current legal framework in the European Union. A SWOT analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of BSP provision was made, taking into account the impact of these factors. Finally, proposals have been made to prioritize the factors most influential in a national plan to improve road conditions, reduce road accidents, and ensure road safety.

scholarly journals Traffic Accident Spatial Simulation Modeling for Planning of Road Emergency Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naboureh ◽  
Feizizadeh ◽  
Naboureh ◽  
Bian ◽  
Blaschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Aggregation Functions ◽  
Criteria Weights ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The appropriate locations of road emergency stations (RESs) can help to decrease the impact of traffic accidents that cause around 50 million injuries per year worldwide. In this research, the appropriateness of existing RESs in the Khuzestan province, Iran, was assessed using an integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and geographic information system (GIS) approach. The data used in this research were collected from different sources, including the department of roads, the department of health, the statistics organization, forensics, police centers, the surveying and geological department, remotely-sensed and global positioning system (GPS) data of accident high crash zones. On the basis of previous studies and the requirements of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, as well as the department of roads of Iran for the location of RESs, nine criteria and 19 sub-criteria were adopted, including population, safety, environmental indicators, compatible area in RES, incompatible area in RES, type of road, accident high crash zones, traffic level and performance radius. The FAHP yielded the criteria weights and the ideal locations for establishing RESs using GIS analysis and aggregation functions. The resulting map matched the known road accident and high crash zones very well. The results indicated that the current RES stations are not distributed appropriately along the major roads of the Khuzestan province, and a re-arrangement is suggested. The finding of the present study can help decision-makers and authorities to achieve sustainable road safety in the case study area.

The impact of generation on the risk of road accidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-82
Author(s):  
Beata Jackowska ◽  
Ewa Wycinka
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Road ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
The Impact

The paper deals with the widespread perception, popular since 2017, that millennials are the worst drivers. In motor insurance, it is commonly known that age and gender are significant determinants of accidents’ risk. Nowadays, millennials are the youngest drivers. Thus, the question arises whether, apart from the age, generation isa risk factor. The aim of this paper is to verify whether generation influences the level of the road accidents rate in Poland besides age and gender of drivers. Due to the downward trend of this rate, the relative risk of road accidents was analysed among licensed drivers in Poland in the years 2006—2017. For the analysis data of the Polish National Police, Polish Road Safety Observatory, Statistics Poland, Social Diagnosis as well as Public Opinion Research Centre were used. The percentage of licensed drivers was estimated for age and gender groups as well as the percentage of millennials in these groups, according to the generation theory. The results of the empirical study for age groups of both perpetrators of the accidents and drivers involved in accidents do not confirm the hypothesis about the impact of the generation on the risk of a road accident.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Safety Impact Guard

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
Sachin Nikam
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Terror Attack ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
The Impact

Death due to Accidents are greater than natural disaster and terror attack in India. One of the most injurious cases is the crash between car and heavy vehicle. Every year lacks of passengers are killed due to road accidents in which 8% are due to heavy vehicles. Road accident causes loss of life and also property. Accidents can not be avoided completely but the impact force is decreased by application of Design and Fabrication of safety impact guard. Safety impact guard is protecting device used to reduce collision impact at rear end of heavy vehicle when accident occurs.

scholarly journals A study of anxiety, depression and stress symptoms among Fayoum medical students during COVID-19 lockdown, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Soltan ◽  
Shaimaa S. Soliman ◽  
Mariam E. Dawoud
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The widespread pandemic of COVID-19 virus carries not only physical hazards, but also major psychological effects especially among medical students. The aim was to investigate the psychological effects of COVID-19 on medical students and the factors affecting them. The study was carried out with an online questionnaire distributed through Google Forms for medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. The questionnaire included socio-demographic questions, validated psychometric tools for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales DASS-21) and the Impact of Event Stress Scale-Revised (IES-R) were applied. Results The total number of participants was 282 students. Percentage of participants with clinically significant depression was 75.2%, anxiety was 56.4% and stress was 52.9%. Those showed PTSD probability was 54.3%. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that IES remained significantly associated with gender and previous road accidents, depression and anxiety remained significantly associated with personal history of psychiatric illness, while stress remained significantly associated with gender and previous road accidents. Conclusions Medical students were highly depressed, anxious and stressed during period of COVID-19 pandemic. Being a female, having previous history of psychiatric illness and previous road accident were highly associated with increasing the psychological impact of COVID-19.

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