ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS OF ROAD ACCIDENTS IN BULGARIA IN LIGHT OF THE PRIORITIES OF EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES

2019 ◽  
pp. 626-632
Author(s):  
Georgi Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
European Area ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact

Road safety in the European Union has improved significantly in recent decades (EU roads are the safest in the world), but the number of fatalities and injuries is still too high. This is very much true for Bulgaria because, within the European area, it is in the group with the highest number of road accident victims who bear not only material losses. Bulgaria, as a member state of the European Union, implements European policies in its legislation and constantly updates its legal framework. In recent years, a number of new initiatives have been taken to reduce trauma and victims on Bulgaria's roads. However, the results achieved are not satisfactory and they are far from what was planned in the previous planning documents. This report classifies the major factors and their elements affecting road accidents in Bulgaria according to the current legal framework in the European Union. A SWOT analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of BSP provision was made, taking into account the impact of these factors. Finally, proposals have been made to prioritize the factors most influential in a national plan to improve road conditions, reduce road accidents, and ensure road safety.

scholarly journals International legal experience in combating illegal migration by sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
O.O. Kukshynova ◽  
A. O. Samoilenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treaty Of Amsterdam

This article highlights the impact of international law on the global process of illegal migration, reveals a number of international problems related to international migration, in particular by sea, identifies the main factors influencing illegal migration in general, indicates the state of illegal migration in various European Union countries. attention is paid to such important international legal instruments as the Schengen Agreement of 1985 and 1990, the Dublin Convention of 1990, the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 and the Treaty of Amsterdam of 1997. The article also focuses on the European Union agency, which deals with the protection of external borders and their protection from illegal migrants, in particular, by sea.The analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of combating illegal migration by sea at the international level, as well as in the development of scientific and theoretical approaches to solving migration problems, characterizes the legal regulation of combating illegal migration by maritime transport and maritime participation established intergovernmental bodies. The main tools of the European Union to combat illegal migration by sea, which can be used to improve the legal regulation of migration authorities of other countries, as well as substantiate the organizational and legal framework of European countries in the field of legal support to combat illegal migration by sea.The actions of European states represented by the relevant state bodies in solving the problems of illegal migration with the help of merchant fleets of European countries are studied. The article pays attention to the influence of illegal migration on the formation and change of legal awareness of society, as the beginning of the formation of criminogenic factors among illegal migrants in the host country.

scholarly journals Safety and reliability of the personal bus carriages in integrated municipal system of traffic and public transport management - analysis of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Paweł Woś ◽  
Jacek Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes the city's logistics development strategies and its public transport, especially bus traffic. Statistical analysis of all road transport in the European Union (EU) has been carried out. The most important reasons for the tragic road accidents in Poland have been mixed up. Key elements of active safety and passive safety of buses and road safety were analyzed. Characterized key indicators of road safety in the EU and the probability of bus incidents. The impact on the ecology of the city of road transport was analyzed in terms of the significance of exhaust emissions of various bus designs and emissions of other pollutants.

scholarly journals The European arrest warrant in the case law of the Court of Justice

2014 ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Helena Patricio
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Judicial Cooperation ◽  
Framework Decision ◽  
European Area ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

A key factor in the creation of a European area of freedom, security and justice is the principle of mutual recognition, which the Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA of 13 June 2002, for the first time, comprehensively implemented in the field of judicial cooperation in criminal matters. The Court of Justice of the European Union has greatly contributed to the understanding of the Framework Decision, accentuating its goals and enhancing its guiding principles, which are the mutual recognition of judgments in the different Member States of the European Union and mutual trust that should settle among them, for the creation of the said area. The West judgment of 28 June 2012, C-192/12 PPU, on urgent preliminary ruling procedure, aptly illustrates the impact of this case law, highlighting the role of this procedure, implemented on 1 March 2008.

scholarly journals Development Potentials and Strategic Objectives of Intelligent Transport Systems Improving Road Safety

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Pauer
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Safety Aspects

Abstract Reducing the number of road accident victims is a declared purpose of the European Union. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are able to contribute to this by warning and supporting the drivers, therefore improving road safety. The aim of our research was to analyze the safety aspects of ITS systems, structuring the solutions, analyzing and exploring the opportunities for development. Strategic objectives have been evaluated and relevant processes for achieving them have been summarized. The research efficiently contributes to the utilization of development potentials of ITS systems.

Development of Road Safety Sustainability Model for Malaysian Road

2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Oluwole Arowolo ◽  
J.M. Rohani ◽  
Mat Rebi Abdul Rani
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sustainability Model

Road accidents are a major problem in both developed and developing countries, although related to different historical reasons and circumstances. The clear, common feature is the impact caused by three major factors: use of the automobile, road infrastructure and the road users (human factor), this has generated interest from researchers and academia. Most research has been limited in scope, while some researchers used secondary data, some use official reports, experimental investigation through system approach. The inability to recognize the complexity of factors that affect this issue may explain why we have conflicting results obtained by different researchers. The purpose of this paper was to develop a sustainable road safety model that is based on concurrent research, including: Human factors, Vehicle factors and Road factors. A sustainable approach was taken in evaluating relationships among the various factors and indicators thereby proposing a model that can serve as a tool for benchmarking and policy decision. Keywords: Road Safety; performance; Indicators; Human Factors; Sustainability

Legal aspects of airport slot allocation: a challenge for the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Michał Lutek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Slot Allocation ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Contemporary Reality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Air Carriers

With the increase in the number of operations performed at airports in European Union countries, the problem of allocation of airport slots is becoming more apparent. Legal regulations in this respect were adopted over two decades ago, which means that they are not suitable for the contemporary reality of commercial aviation, which has undergone a huge change during the indicated period. This article aims to analyze the current legal framework for the allocation of slots at the level of international law, with particular emphasis on the European Union law. The main reasons affecting the urgent need to amend the provisions in the presented scope will be discussed. These issues include, for example, the problem of slot trading between air carriers. Also, the impact of the EU response to COVID-19 epidemic on the air carrier’s situation in relation to slots will be outlined. Selected examples illustrating difficulties in applying EU rules will also be analyzed in detail. The summary will be followed by an indication of key de lege ferenda postulates in the discussed area.

The impact of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement on the legal framework for IP enforcement in the European Union

2013 ◽  
pp. 394-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto D’Erme ◽  
Christophe Geiger ◽  
Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan ◽  
Christian Heinze ◽  
Thomas Jaeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals New Logistics Paradigms in Poland

Logistics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Gołembska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
First Century ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of theoretical and empirical studies on the search for new logistics development paradigms needed to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century global economy. The author reviews the major factors determining the effectiveness of international processes and operations, including logistics success potentials in supply chains. Furthermore, the article proposes methods for measuring logistics performance, specifically the logit model and the model of fuzzy logic, which could be used to assess whether a firm’s planned investments in logistics infrastructure will end in success or failure. The article also evaluates the impact of logistics on the development of international trade in the practice of Polish firms. The studies cover a period before Poland’s accession to the European Union (EU) (2000 to 2004), and after the accession, from 2005 to 2016, and are supplemented with a forecast for logistics development in Polish firms until 2020.

scholarly journals Vehicle accident frequencies on the example of Poland and Slovakia in 2010-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 11003
Author(s):  
Damian Frej ◽  
Marek Jaśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
General Description ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Trade Route

Research background: The article presents a general description of the safety problem in Polish and Slovak road transport in 2010-2020. Poland and Slovakia, as neighboring countries of the European Union, are connected with each other by the trade route (Baltic-Adriatic). Moreover, it should be noted that in 2019, the trade turnover between Poland and Slovakia amounted to EUR 10.35 billion. Poland is the third largest trade partner of Slovakia. The energy and automotive industries are among the most promising commercial areas of these countries. The downward trend in the number of accidents and fatalities shows Slovakia and Poland at the same level of safety. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the article is to discuss the topic of road accidents in Poland and Slovakia, taking into account the perspectives of "Vision Zero". Because both Poland and Slovakia, along with other European Union Member States, are required to reduce the number of road fatalities by 2030 and eliminate them completely by 2050. Methods: The article presents a statistical analysis of road accidents in Poland and Slovakia in 2010-2020. Based on statistical data, a road accident forecast for 2020-2030 has been prepared. Findings & Value added: Forecasts for the number of people killed in road accidents estimate that in 2030 29 people per million inhabitants will die on Polish roads, while 27 people per million inhabitants will die on Slovak roads.

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