scholarly journals Open Education Resource for School Children with Down Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11945-11948
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Action Recognition ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Camera Motion ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Benchmark Data ◽  
Lstm Network ◽  
Education Resource ◽  
Unified Method

Action recognition in video sequences is a challenging problem of computer vision due to the similarity of visual contents, changes in the viewpoint for the same actions, camera motion with action performer, scale and pose of an actor, and different illumination conditions. Also, there is no designated action recognition model for hazy videos. This model proposes a novel unified and unique model for action recognition in haze built with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and deep bidirectional LSTM (DB-LSTM) network. First, every frame of the hazy video is feed into the AOD-Net (All-in-One Dehazing Network). Next, deep features are extracted from every sampled dehazed frame by using VGG-16, which helps reduce the redundancy and complexity. Later, the sequential and temporal information among frame features is learnt using DB-LSTM network, where multiple layers are stacked together in both the forward and backward passes of DB-LSTM to increase its depth. The proposed unified method is capable of learning long term sequences and can process lengthy videos (even hazy videos) in real time by analyzing features for a certain time interval. Experimental results on both synthesized and natural video datasets show decent results on par with other state of the art methods in action recognition using the proposed method on the benchmark data set UCF-101. This helps the Down Syndrome Students to recognize an action faster.

scholarly journals COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS METHOD FOR FAULT DETECTION BASED ON SENSOR DATA

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Rinat Faizullin ◽  
◽  
Stefan Hering ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Automatic Process ◽  
Normal System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Random Component ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Tennessee Eastman Process ◽  
Multidimensional Time Series

Sensors are a popular source of information about the operation of complex dynamic technical systems. Considering data from sensors as a multidimensional time series is also used to describe cyber-physical systems. The article proposes a method for detecting system malfunctions based on the method of analyzing cointegration dependencies. It is determined that in the data for analysis it is possible to reveal cointegration dependences as facts of interdependence of data from different sensors. Calculations are given on the example of a system with 52 parameters. Out of 1,326 data pairs, 75 are cointegrated. The conducted analysis shows that the proposed method enables one to clearly illustrate situations with changes in behavior. Having identified cointegrated pairs, we can follow them, and if cointegration has ‘disappeared’, that is, at some new time interval we can no longer talk about the presence of a cointegration ratio, then something has changed in the process itself. In practice, this means either a change in technology (which the operator knows about), or a breakdown/accident/failure, due to equipment errors, changes in some parameters of the resources used. In the latter case, such information (that the process has changed) can be used to attract attention in general, which may ultimately lead to the need for equipment repair or maintenance or readjustment, etc. The analysis shows that the proposed method enables one to clearly illustrate situations with changes in behavior. As an example of using the method, we used the ready-made Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) data set. Different pairs of data may have the ability to identify different errors. All errors cause a change in the behavior of one or several pairs of data, thus tracking the behavior of the value of random component enables identifying cases of deviation of the process from long-term equilibrium (in terms of cointegration), that is, cases of failure from the normal system operation. The results obtained are clear and objective and can be used by process operators or by a source for automatic process control.

scholarly journals A 2-decade (1988–2009) record of diatom fluxes in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling: impact of low-frequency forcing and a two-step shift in the species composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1873-1891
Author(s):  
Oscar E. Romero ◽  
Simon Ramondenc ◽  
Gerhard Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Eastern boundary upwelling ecosystems (EBUEs) are among the most productive marine regions in the world's oceans. Understanding the degree of interannual to decadal variability in the Mauritania upwelling system is crucial for the prediction of future changes of primary productivity and carbon sequestration in the Canary Current EBUE as well as in similar environments. A multiyear sediment trap experiment was conducted at the mooring site CBmeso (“Cape Blanc mesotrophic”, ca. 20∘ N, ca. 20∘40′ W) in the highly productive coastal waters off Mauritania. Here, we present results on fluxes of diatoms and the species-specific composition of the assemblage for the time interval between March 1988 and June 2009. The temporal dynamics of diatom populations allows the proposal of three main intervals: (i) early 1988–late 1996, (ii) 1997–1999, and (iii) early 2002–mid 2009. The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) appears to be an important driver of the long-term dynamics of diatom population. The long-term AMO-driven trend is interrupted by the occurrence of the strong 1997 El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The extraordinary shift in the relative abundance of benthic diatoms in May 2002 suggests the strengthening of offshore advective transport within the uppermost layer of filament waters and in the subsurface and in deeper and bottom-near layers. It is hypothesized that the dominance of benthic diatoms was the response of the diatom community to the intensification of the slope and shelf poleward undercurrents. This dominance followed the intensification of the warm phase of AMO and the associated changes of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Transported valves (siliceous remains) from shallow Mauritanian coastal waters into the bathypelagic should be considered for the calculation and model experiments of bathy- and pelagic nutrients budgets (especially Si), the burial of diatoms, and the paleoenvironmental signal preserved in downcore sediments. Additionally, our 1988–2009 data set contributes to the characterization of the impact of low-frequency climate forcings in the northeastern Atlantic and will be especially helpful for establishing the scientific basis for forecasting and modeling future states of the Canary Current EBUE and its decadal changes.

scholarly journals A two-decades (1988–2009) record of diatom fluxes in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling: Impact of low-frequency forcing and a two-step shift in the species composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar E. Romero ◽  
Simon Ramondenc ◽  
Gerhard Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystems (EBUEs) are among the most productive marine regions in the world's oceans. Understanding the degree of interannual to decadal variability in the Mauritania upwelling system is key for the prediction of future changes of primary productivity and carbon sequestration in the Canary Current EBUE as well as in similar environments. A multiannual sediment trap experiment was conducted at the mooring site CBmeso (= 'Cape Blanc mesotrophic', ca. 20° N, ca. 20°40' W) in the high-productive Mauritanian coastal waters. Here, we present results on fluxes and the species-specific composition of the diatom assemblage for the time interval between March 1988 and May 2009. The temporal dynamics of diatom populations allows to propose three main diatom productivity/flux intervals: (i) early 1988–late 1996; (ii) 1997–1999, and (iii) early 2002–mid 2009. The impact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation appears to be an important forcing of the long-term dynamics of diatom population. The impact of cold (1988–1996) and warm AMO phases (2001–2009) is reflected by the outstanding shifts in species-specific composition. This AMO-impacted, long-term trend is interrupted by the occurrence of the strong 1997 ENSO. The extraordinary shift in the relative abundance of benthic diatoms in May 2002 suggests the strengthening of offshore advective transport within the uppermost layer of filament waters, and in the subsurface and in deeper and bottom‐near layers. It is hypothesized that the dominance of benthic diatoms was the response of the diatom community to the intensification of the slope and shelf poleward undercurrents. This dominance followed the intensification of the warm phase of AMO and the associated changes of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Transported valves (siliceous remains) from shallow coastal waters into the deeper bathypelagial should be considered for the calculation and model experiments of bathy- and pelagial nutrients budgets (especially Si), the burial of diatoms and the paleoenvironmental signal preserved in downcore sediments. Our 1988–2009 data set contributes to the distinction between climate-forced and intrinsic variability of populations of diatoms and will be especially helpful for establishing the scientific basis for forecasting and modelling future states of this ecosystem and its decadal changes.

scholarly journals Noctilucent clouds observed from the UK and Denmark – trends and variations over 43 years

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kirkwood ◽  
P. Dalin ◽  
A. Réchou
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Noctilucent Cloud ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Statistical Probability ◽  
Zonal Winds ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
10.7 Cm Solar Flux

Abstract. The combined UK/Denmark record of noctilucent cloud (NLC) observations over the period 1964–2006 is analysed. This data set is based on visual observations by professional and voluntary observers, with around 40 observers each year contributing reports. Evidence is found for a significantly longer NLC season, a greater frequency of bright NLC, and a decreased sensitivity to 5-day planetary waves, from 1973–1982, compared to the rest of the time interval. This coincides with a period when the length of the summer season in the stratosphere was also longer (defined by zonal winds at 60° N, 30 hPa). At NLC heights, lower mean temperatures, and/or higher water vapour and/or smaller planetary wave amplitudes could explain these results. The time series of number of NLC nights each year shows a quasi-decadal variation with good anti-correlation with the 10.7 cm solar flux, with a lag of 13–17 months. Using multi-parameter linear fitting, it is found that the solar-cycle and the length of summer in the stratosphere together can explain ~40% of the year-to-year variation in NLC numbers. However, no statistically confidant long-term trend in moderate or bright NLC is found. For NLC displays of moderate or greater intensity, the multi-parameter fit gives a trend of ~0.08 nights (0.35%) per year with a statistical probability of 28% that it is zero, or as high as 0.16 nights (0.7%) per year. There is a significant increasing trend in the number of reports of faint or very faint NLC which is inconsistent with other observations and may be due changes in observing practices.

Configurations to Superior Environmental Innovation Strategy: A Both–And Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 108602662110316
Author(s):  
Tiziana Russo-Spena ◽  
Nadia Di Paola ◽  
Aidan O’Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Environmental Innovation ◽  
Data Set

An effective climate change action involves the critical role that companies must play in assuring the long-term human and social well-being of future generations. In our study, we offer a more holistic, inclusive, both–and approach to the challenge of environmental innovation (EI) that uses a novel methodology to identify relevant configurations for firms engaging in a superior EI strategy. A conceptual framework is proposed that identifies six sets of driving characteristics of EI and two sets of beneficial outcomes, all inherently tensional. Our analysis utilizes a complementary rather than an oppositional point of view. A data set of 65 companies in the ICT value chain is analyzed via fuzzy-set comparative analysis (fsQCA) and a post-QCA procedure. The results reveal that achieving a superior EI strategy is possible in several scenarios. Specifically, after close examination, two main configuration groups emerge, referred to as technological environmental innovators and organizational environmental innovators.

scholarly journals Risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, and subsequent all-cause mortality in Sweden: a nationwide study

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bergman ◽  
Marcel Ballin ◽  
Anna Nordström ◽  
Peter Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Term Care Facility ◽  
Long Term Care Facility ◽  
All Cause Mortality

AbstractWe conducted a nationwide, registry-based study to investigate the importance of 34 potential risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, hospitalization (with or without intensive care unit [ICU] admission), and subsequent all-cause mortality. The study population comprised all COVID-19 cases confirmed in Sweden by mid-September 2020 (68,575 non-hospitalized, 2494 ICU hospitalized, and 13,589 non-ICU hospitalized) and 434,081 randomly sampled general-population controls. Older age was the strongest risk factor for hospitalization, although the odds of ICU hospitalization decreased after 60–69 years and, after controlling for other risk factors, the odds of non-ICU hospitalization showed no trend after 40–49 years. Residence in a long-term care facility was associated with non-ICU hospitalization. Male sex and the presence of at least one investigated comorbidity or prescription medication were associated with both ICU and non-ICU hospitalization. Three comorbidities associated with both ICU and non-ICU hospitalization were asthma, hypertension, and Down syndrome. History of cancer was not associated with COVID-19 hospitalization, but cancer in the past year was associated with non-ICU hospitalization, after controlling for other risk factors. Cardiovascular disease was weakly associated with non-ICU hospitalization for COVID-19, but not with ICU hospitalization, after adjustment for other risk factors. Excess mortality was observed in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases. These results confirm that severe COVID-19 is related to age, sex, and comorbidity in general. The study provides new evidence that hypertension, asthma, Down syndrome, and residence in a long-term care facility are associated with severe COVID-19.

EXPRESS: How Does Bonus Payment Affect the Demand for Auto Loans and Their Delinquency?

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372110092
Author(s):  
Zhenling Jiang ◽  
Dennis J. Zhang ◽  
Tat Chan
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Products ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Consumer Panel ◽  
Loan Demand ◽  
Bonus Payments ◽  
Base Salary ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Shed Light

This paper studies how receiving a bonus changes the consumers’ demand for auto loans and the risk of future delinquency. Unlike traditional consumer products, auto loans have a long-term impact on consumers’ financial state because of the monthly payment obligation. Using a large consumer panel data set of credit and employment information, the authors find that receiving a bonus increases auto loan demand by 21 percent. These loans, however, are associated with higher risk, as the delinquency rate increases by 18.5 −31.4 percent depending on different measures. In contrast, an increase in consumers’ base salary will increase the demand for auto loans but not the delinquency. By comparing consumers with bonuses with those without bonuses, the authors find that bonus payments lead to both demand expansion and demand shifting on auto loans. The empirical findings help shed light on how consumers make financial decisions and have important implications for financial institutions on when demand for auto loans and the associated risk arise.

scholarly journals Principals between exploitation and exploration: Results of a nationwide study on ambidexterity of school leaders

2020 ◽  
pp. 174114322094570
Author(s):  
Marcus Pietsch ◽  
Pierre Tulowitzki ◽  
Colin Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Nationwide Study ◽  
Efficiency Control ◽  
Exploitation And Exploration ◽  
Discontinuous Innovation

Both organizational and management research suggest that schools and their leaders need to be ambidextrous to secure prosperity and long-term survival in dynamic environments characterized by competition and innovation. In this context, ambidexterity refers to the ability to simultaneously pursue exploitation and exploration and thus to deliver efficiency, control and incremental improvements while embracing flexibility, autonomy and discontinuous innovation. Using a unique, randomized and representative data set of N = 405 principals, we present findings on principals’ exploitation and exploration. The results indicate: (a) that principals engage far more often in exploitative than in explorative activities; (b) that exploitative activities in schools are executed at the expense of explorative activities; and (c) that explorative and ambidextrous activities of principals are positively associated with the (perceived) competition between schools. The study brings a novel perspective to educational research and demonstrates that applying the concept of ambidexterity has the potential to further our understanding of effective educational leadership and management.

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