scholarly journals Electronic Banking and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (II) ◽  
pp. 293-304
Author(s):  
Maria Mueni Mutisya ◽  
Gerald Atheru
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Electronic Banking ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Automated Teller Machine

Information technology has changed the traditional ways of doing business to a digital and electronic way that has led to globalization. The banking industry has been forced by the wave of electronic payment system in the business environment to change from its traditional ways such as: long queues as customers waited to be served, delay in the clearing house as representatives of different banks waited to settle their dues and manual work that resulted to errors. The main purpose of the study was to determine the effect of electronic banking on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the extend of internet, mobile, automated teller machine and debit/credit card banking adoption and its effect on financial performance. The study covered a period of five years that is from the year 2011 to the year 2015 and adopted descriptive research design. The data collected was analyzed by the use of both descriptive and inferential statistics procedures. Primary and secondary data was collected from the 34 commercial banks that responded leading to a respond rate of 79.04% out of the 43 commercial banks. The trade analysis showed that internet banking was recognized and accepted by the Kenyan commercial banks and the Kenyans as a way of transacting. Electronic banking was found to be positive and significantly related to the financial performance of the commercial banks in Kenya. This was attributed by an R Square of 0.688 for Return On Assets, 0.63 for Net Profit and 0.277 for Return On Equity indicating that the independent variables in the study were able to give information of up to 68.8%, 63% and 27.7% respectively while the remaining 31.2%, 27% and 72.3% could not be explained in the study but could be explained using other variables outside the study. All the independent variables were (internet banking, Mobile banking, Automated Teller Machine banking and Debit/Credit banking) found to be positively and significantly related to the Return On Assets while only mobile banking and internet banking were found to be positively and significantly related to Net Profit since their p Values were less 0.05. Automated Teller Machine banking showed a positive relation that was insignificant with the Return On Equity.The study recommends that, electronic banking should be employed by commercial banks through proper management policies since it has shown improved efficiency and financial performance. For further studies, areas of crime technology, quality of banking services, electronic fund transfer and performing loans should be looked at. This is an open-access article published and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License of United States unless otherwise stated. Access, citation and distribution of this article is allowed with full recognition of the authors and the source.

scholarly journals Technological Banking Innovations and Financial Inclusion by Commercial Banks in Nairobi County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Koori ◽  
Njoki Grace Wanjiku ◽  
Gerald Atheru
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Electronic Banking ◽  
Study Objective

Financial inclusion is the provision of financial services at affordable costs to sections of underprivileged and low-income segments of society. Failure to constantly redesign strategies that help the commercial banks adapt to changing business environment may lead to a strategic mismatch between what they offer and what markets demands.  The study objective was to assess technological banking innovations and financial inclusion by commercial banks in Nairobi County Kenya. The study was anchored on the theory of financial intermediation, diffusion of innovation theory and Silber’s Constraint theory of Innovation. A descriptive research design and a positivism philosophy were used because the conceptual hypotheses were drawn from existing theories and identified knowledge gaps as founded on the research design. Multiple regression model was employed in this study. For the purpose of this investigation, the target population included all the 42 registered commercial banks operating in Nairobi County, Kenya in the year 2016. Purposive sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. Thirteen (13) selected banks that had successfully implemented technological banking innovations in Nairobi County were purposively sampled for the study. Both primary and secondary data was used in this study. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Secondary data on mobile bank transactions and mobile phone subscriptions in the banks for the period between 2011 and 2016 was obtained from Central Bank of Kenya, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and the Banking survey manuals. Questionnaires were administered to randomly selected respondents. The confirmatory test for multicollinearity was done using the Variance Inflation Factor. Data was analyzed using correlation, Goodness of Fit, analysis of variance, F statistic/significance of the study variables and regression of coefficients which were used to draw inferences on the relationship between the study variables. Data was presented using tables and figures. Results of the study indicated that the predictor variables; mobile banking, agency banking, electronic banking outlets and internet banking have an influence on financial inclusion. Correlation results also indicated that mobile banking, agency banking, electronic banking outlets and internet banking were positively associated with financial inclusion. Additionally, the regression findings indicated that mobile banking, agency banking and electronic banking outlets were statistically significant predictors of financial inclusion. However, Internet banking had a significance level of 0.586 which is higher than the conventional threshold of 0.05 which rendered the variable as statistically insignificant in prediction of financial inclusion. The findings concluded that mobile banking, agency banking, electronic banking outlets and internet banking have an influence on financial inclusion with the technological innovations being well adopted by the customers in the respective banks .The study recommended that the banks’ management should make use of these research findings to come up with innovative approaches of improving financial inclusion while maintaining the existing ones in the conduct of their business so as reach more clients with their products and services.

Financial Innovations and Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Naomi Wanja Ireri ◽  
Gladys Kimutai
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Automated Teller Machine

Commercial banks in Kenya have embraced alternative banking channels which represent a shift in delivery of banking and financial services since the alternative banking have become synonymous with commercial banks in Kenya. While banks have succeeded in leveraging available technology and provide alternative avenues to customers for banking services, the challenge it faces today is optimizing the usage of these channels so as to improve on their performance. The general objective of this study was to investigate the effects of financial innovations on the performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the influence of internet banking, mobile banking, agency banking and ATM banking on the performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study was guided by agency theory, balanced score card and diffusion of innovation theory. This study employed a descriptive research design. The study targeted44 commercial banks in Kenya as at 2017. The 16 banks which embrace all the four financial innovations from 2013 to 2017were selected using purposive sampling method. The sample size was 80 respondents who comprised of 5 senior management employees in each of the selected banks.This study used questionnaire to collect primary data from the respondents. Content analysis technique was used to analyze qualitative data collected from open ended questions in and reported in narrative form. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the quantitative data. Multiple regression analysis was used to show the relationship between independent variables against dependent variable. The study revealed that internet banking, mobile banking, agency banking and ATM banking had a positive and significant effect on the performance of commercial banks. Thisstudy concludes that the banking industry has benefited tremendously from the development of the Internet. The Internet fundamentally changed the way in which banking networks are designed to meet the client demands and expectations. Mobile banking provides a good opportunity to commercial banks in Kenya to reach many mobile phone subscribers in Kenya who had remained unbanked and unreached due to limited access to bank branch networks in the country. The access to the large masses through mobile banking of the population gives banks the opportunity to grow by reaching the unbanked population. Agency banking has led to accessibility of financial service to many customer in remote areas and hence an increase in effectiveness and efficiency in service delivery. Customers are satisfied with the automated teller machine services because of ease of use, transaction cost and service security but not satisfy with automated teller machine dispense of cash. The study recommends that the public and businesses must be encouraged to use Internet banking in their daily activities, including deposits, payments and money transfers. Commercial banks in Kenya should ensure convenience and security of mobile banking through written guidelines on convenience and security of mobile banking. Commercial banks in Kenya should increase the number of agents in estates and in the rural areas. This can be done by reducing the requirements of becoming a bank agent. The banks should employ customized software that records relevant information on automated teller machine cards so that banks can establish whether unauthorized transaction has taken place or not.

scholarly journals Effect of Bank Innovations on Profitability and Return on Assets (ROA) of Commercial Banks in Lebanon

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiyam Sujud ◽  
Boutheina Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Significance Tests ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research is to study bank innovations in the field of mobile banking, debit and credit cards, automated machines (ATM), internet banking, point of sale terminals (PST) and electronic funds transfer (EFT). It purposely looked into those innovations in relation to their influence on profitability and return on assets (ROA) of Lebanese commercial banks. Data was collected through a research questionnaire, and statistical analysis was done using the Package of Social Sciences Software (SPSS). The results revealed that there is a significant positive impact of bank innovations on profitability and return on assets of Lebanese commercial banks and significance tests also showed that the impact was statistically significant. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that bank innovations affect profitability and return on assets (ROA) of commercial banks in Lebanon positively.

scholarly journals Analyzing Effect of Alternative Banking Channels on Financial Performance of Burundi Commercial Banks: Evidence from Kenya Commercial Bank in Burundi

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nkeshimana Carlos ◽  
Martin Onsiro Ronald
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The study sought to assess the effect of channels of alternative banking on financial performance of Kenya Commercial Banks in Burundi. The specific objectives were: to examine the effect of mobile banking on financial performance of Kenya Commercial Bank, Burundi; to assess the effect of internet banking on financial performance of Kenya Commercial Bank, Burundi; to examine the effect of auto teller machines on financial performance of Kenya Commercial Bank, Burundi; and to assess the effect of agency banking on financial performance of Kenya Commercial Bank, Burundi. The study employed descriptive survey research design as well as correlation research designs. Based on information obtained from KCB, the target population for the study was 37 employees and 114 customers. The researcher used Slovin’s formula to define the sample population n = 60 (14 employees and 46 customers). A questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The results of the study showed that there was a strong relationship between the different banking distribution channels and the financial performance of KCB Bank. It also found that 14.1% of the total variance in financial performance of KCB Bank could be attributed to alternative banking channels. The remaining 85.9% of the variance in financial performance could be attributed to other determinants of financial performance that were not the focus of this study. ANOVA statistics revealed that the regression model was ideal since it had a significance level of 0.0%. The study also found that mobile banking, Automated Teller Machine, agencies and Internet banking affected the performance of commercial banks in a positive and statistically significant way. The study recommends that Burundian commercial bank sought to invest heavily in alternative banking as this will lead to an improvement in banks' financial performance. The study also recommended that KCB should examine the competitive environment and determine the means to achieve the goal of interoperability, and continue to make electronic banking products available, offering various types of bank cards adapted to the needs of each client.

scholarly journals RATIO ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIESL Q45 INDEX LISTED

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Dian Wulan Sari
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Operating Profit ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Regression Test

Purpose of Study: This study was conducted with the aim to examine the effect of CR, DAR, DER, ROE, GPM, OPM, and NPM simultaneously to financial performance (ROA) and the effect of CR, DAR, DER, ROE, GPM, OPM, and NPM partially toward financial performance (ROA). Methodology: The sample of companies used in this study as many as 16 companies from 45 companies listed in the LQ45 Index period 2012-2016 with Purposive Sampling Technique. The independent variables used are Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Return on Equity (ROE), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Operating Profit Margin (OPM), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) while the dependent variable is Return on Assets (ROA) as an indicator of Financial Performance. The analysis used in this research is the Multiple Regression Analysis. Results: The results show that CR, DAR, DER, ROE, GPM, OPM, and NPM have an effect toward ROA; CR, DAR, DER have no significant partial effect on ROA; and ROE, GPM, OPM, NPM have a partially significant effect on ROA. Implications/Applications: Regression test results ROE, GPM, OPM, and NPM partially indicate that the independent variables studied have a significant influence on ROA.

scholarly journals The Effect of Electronic Banking on Customer Services Delivery in Commercial Banks in Rwanda

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Rose Nyiranzabamwita ◽  
Jean Bosco Harelimana
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Electronic Banking ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Study Participants

The aim of the study was to assess how electronic banking affected customer delivery channels in Rwanda commercial banks. The specific objectives include assessing the effectiveness of e-banking, analyzing the factors affecting the customer delivery system, and also finding out the affiliation that exists between customer service delivery and e-banking in the bank of Kigali. Study participants included 1215 employee and about 350000 bank clients. The total number was 351215 study participants. The sample size was 400, which included both the staff and clients. The study revealed that customer service delivery in Bank of Kigali was explained by the probability of 0.0374 for internet banking; by the probability of 0.0004 for mobile banking; by probability of 0.0010 for electronic tax and that are respectively expected to 3.74% & 0.04% & 0.1% and of probabilities which are less than 10%. If we consider the simple regression theory, there is a probability of less than 10% by each electronic banking factor, which represents functional fitness variability. The R2 is 0.969, whereas the Adjusted R2 is 0.965, which indicates estimated model goodness. Up to 96.9% of the long-run appreciation in customer service delivery is influenced by changes in internet banking; mobile banking; electronic tax as implemented by the organization. Hence, the study revealed of essential affiliation between electronic banking and the observed factors, and the customer delivery channel in Bank of Kigali. The study recommended on sensitization of clients on the utilization and advantages of electronic banking services through having public awareness programs that boost their knowledge of the service.

scholarly journals Electronic Banking and Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Anambra State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Stella Mbah ◽  
Jeffery Obiezekwem
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Electronic Banking ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Automated Teller Machine ◽  
And Performance

This study aims to identify the relationship between electronic banking and performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Anambra state; one of the states with the highest number of SMEs, entrepreneurial skills, informal enterprises and a suitable business environment in Nigeria. To achieve this, the researcher examined performance of SMEs and their association with components of electronic banking; automated teller machine, point of sale services, transaction alerts via short message services (SMS) and mobile banking, through a questionnaire. Three hundred and seventy (73.1% response rate) copies of questionnaire issued to five hundred and six sampled respondents of 50 SMEs in Anambra state were properly filled and found relevant to the study. The study used SPSS and Excel to identify the descriptive characteristics of the variables of the study and analyze the data. Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Study results concluded that there is positive relationship between; automated teller machine, point of sale services, transaction alerts via short message services (SMS), mobile banking and performance of SMEs in Anambra State, Nigeria. The result also showed that SMEs continuous usage of electronic banking services could be attributed to cost effectiveness, convenience, security, accessibility and diversity of the services. The study recommends among others that, security of electronic banking services should be upgraded by a conjunction between SMEs and banks and that government should provide adequate regulatory framework to protect customers and security of transaction. Furthermore, policy makers in Nigeria should take advantage of the positive revelation of this study to make policies that will increase number of SMEs in Anambra state and Nigeria at large especially from the large number of informal enterprises in Anambra state and Nigeria.

scholarly journals Financial Technology as Determinants of Bank Profitability

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Henny Medyawati ◽  
Muhamad Yunanto ◽  
Ega Hegarini
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Automated Teller Machine ◽  
Financial Technology

This study analyzes the influence of financial technology on the financial performance of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2014-2020 period. Financial technology was measured by the number of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transactions and internet and mobile banking, while bank profitability was measured by Return On Assets (ROA). Furthermore, this study used the panel data regression analysis, with the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transactions as well as internet and mobile banking as the independent variables, and ROA as the dependent variable. Purposive sampling was used to select six banks as samples. The results showed the fixed effect as the most suitable model, where ROA is affected by the internet and mobile banking, while the TM technology has no effect.

scholarly journals Electronic Banking and Customer Satisfaction in Imo State (A Study of Selected Commercial Banks in Imo State)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chimaobi Ijeoma ◽  
Jane Chinyere Akujor ◽  
Jacintha Chikamnele Mbah
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Electronic Banking ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Automated Teller Machine ◽  
The Impact

This study was carried out to examine the impact of electronic banking on customer satisfaction in commercial banks in Imo State. The aim is to determine the relationship between electronic banking and customer satisfaction in some commercial banks in Imo State. The study used primary data; the instrument used in gathering the primary data was questionnaire. The statistical tool of analysis is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Techniques. The result revealed that there is positive relationship between electronic banking and customer satisfaction in United Bank for Africa Plc, Access Bank Ltd and Keystone Bank Ltd. It also revealed that there is positive relationship between Automated Teller Machine and Mobile Banking and customer satisfaction in United Bank for Africa Plc, Access Bank Ltd and Keystone Bank Ltd. More so, the study shows that there is a negative relationship between point of sale and customer satisfaction in the three (3) banks. This implies that increase in charge levied on those electronic banking systems will have a corresponding decrease in customer satisfaction and vice-versa. The study therefore recommends the following; that banks should improve continuously in the advance of Automated Teller Machine for speedy transaction when using by customers; financial institutions (banks) and non-financial institutions should endeavor to make available POS machine at a minimal cost to some small business outlets in order to help in the achievement of cashless economy; the banks should ensure that there is creation of more internet security in internet and mobile banking so as to avoid loss of cash by customers as a result of fraudulent activities and finally, continuous advancement and reengineering information communication technology should play a vital role in the overall synergy of financial institution operations (banking). It becomes more important for bank leadership to deepen investment in ICT products to increase speedy, user friendly and perfect services. These will make Nigerian banks to stand firm in terms of efficiency, profitability, reliability, and competitiveness among its global competitors and to withstand challenges and changes that may occur in ICT controlled globalized economy.

scholarly journals  Electronic Banking: an Object of Fallacy or System of Functionality Samuel Affran Abstract — Corporate managers in the banking industry have employed series of strategies to lure many customers to patronage their categories they offer for sale. One of s

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Affran
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Electronic Banking ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Corporate Managers ◽  
Banking Service ◽  
Automated Teller Machine ◽  
The Relationship

Corporate managers in the banking industry have employed series of strategies to lure many customers to patronage their categories they offer for sale. One of such is E-banking. These technological services are introduced by banks with the objective of providing customers with rapid services, with cost efficient. The situation tends to be different in this part of the world. Most of these services partially exist and if it fully does, it comes with unprecedented system failures. Based upon this premises this study is conducted exploratory to find out what really constitutes electronic banking from the Ghanaian perspective and also to ascertain their linkage with customer satisfaction. A total number of 200 questionnaires were administered. Cross-sectional survey was employed using questionnaire as the principal tool for the data collection. A 5-point Likert- scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5(strongly agree) was used to measure the constructs. With the aid of SPSS version 23 the data was analyzed to establish the empirical linkage of the underlying constructs. The study among other things brought to the fore three (3) determinants (Automated Teller Machine, Mobile Phone Banking, Internet or Online banking) that define e-banking from the Ghanaian perspective proving that it is a system of functionality that is established for specific strategic purpose better still because of inefficient execution it was also proven to be an object of fallacy in the sense that having it does not necessary leads to customer satisfaction. The data analysis also shows that statistically between automated teller machine and customer satisfaction there is positively very weak relationship (R^2= .181, p< 0.126). Meaning holding all other variables constant, automated teller machine will cause 18.1% change in customer satisfaction. It is proven by the results that, automated teller machine not only weak in explaining the relationship but the impact is also not significant as the significant level is 0.126 which is above the standard significant value of 0.05. Meaning the automated teller machine if it is not administered efficiently and effectively will have the tendency to impact on customer’s satisfaction insignificantly. This presupposes that the automated teller machines in question were not administered efficiently and effectively. Thus this study has proven empirically that it is not a forgone conclusion that having an ATM services will automatically leads to customer satisfaction making the assertion a fallacy in Ghana thus disproving the study by Sultan and Komal (2009) claiming that having an automated teller machine services will automatically lead to customer satisfaction. The study revealed that relationship between mobile banking services and customer satisfaction is positively very weak (R^2= .170, p< 0.171). This simply means that mobile services rendered by banks to their customers were seriously criticized as woefully inadequate. Thus, holding all other variables constant, mobile banking services causes 17.0 % change in customer satisfaction. This result proves that a unit change in mobile banking service will induce 17.0% change in the rate of customer satisfaction. In other words when the level of mobile banking services is improved by 1% it will lead to 17.0% increase in customer satisfaction which is quite negligible. The significance level of this outcome in reference to the study results was 0.171 which is greater than the standard value of 0.05 indicating that the variance between mobile banking services and customer satisfaction was not significant. Internet banking services were quite effective and efficient thus having positive significant impact on customer satisfaction (R^2= .211, p< 0.003). But the relationship is equally weak explaining only 21.1% of customer satisfaction within the Ghanaian banking industry. The statistical understanding is that unilaterally internet banking service has the empirical tendencies to increase customer satisfaction by 21.1% if these services are improved just a percentage change. The practical connotation is that managers need to make automated teller machine more secured and very convenient spreading it across the length and breadth of the country. It should be in good function (twenty-four hours a day), accessible at all times (weekdays and weekends) and user-friendly as well. Again, managers should be proactive in sending message to customers whenever their system is malfunctioning in order to win customer trust. They should be ready to accept their mistakes and improve on customer complaint. They should avoid the rationalization of system failure which tend to put customers off serving as a catalyst for customer drifting. Again, internet connectivity should be reliable to boost mobile banking services.  The banks should create more mobile apps for the various product categories.  To sum up more resources should be allocated to online products since it is proven to be the only determinant significant in explaining customer satisfaction.

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