scholarly journals LUNG FUNCTIONS IN STUDENTS UNDERGOING GYM TRAINING AND SEDENTARY MEDICAL STUDENTS - A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Taruna Taruna ◽  
Anju Goel ◽  
Manisha Gupta ◽  
Namrata Kar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Exercise Regimen ◽  
Lung Functions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Present Pilot Study

Constant and consistent exercise improves the efficiency of our lungs, and everyone, especially young adults, need to work on this organ along with the rest of their body for a healthier life. Hence the present pilot study was undertaken to show that consistent GYM training would exhibit a significantly greater lung capacity. Aim: To compare the lung functions in students undergoing gym training and sedentary students. Material and Methods: This Pilot study was conducted in 40 healthy male medical students in the age group of 20 to 30yrs. The recruited students were divided into two groups - Group1 with Gym training and Group2 Sedentary students. Both the groups were age and BMI matched in order to minimize the confounding factors and make the study reproducible. Lung functions of both the groups were assessed by a computerized RMS Spirometer Helios 401.Unpaired t - test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The study revealed that the Mean % FEV1 of Group1 (4.28) was significantly higher as compared to Group 2 subjects (3.30) Mean percent of FEV1 /FVC also had a higher value for Gym group (94.41) than sedentary group (87.36). Mean % FEF (25 – 75) was 5.57 and PEFR was 8.96 in Group1 as compared to 4.33 and 6.30 in Group2 respectively. FVC did not show significant change. Conclusion: We concluded that a physically active lifestyle improves the lung functions and delays its decline. Therefore, it's imperative that the younger generation should incorporate some form of regular exercise regimen in their lifestyle for their physical and mental wellbeing.

Automated Functional Color Field Tester (FCFTester) Trends and Reproducibility – A Multicenter Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 293-301
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Color Field ◽  
Present Pilot Study

Background: The present study was designed to assess a protocol for investigating normative trends of kinetic color visual field sizes and reproducibility of such utilizing the Automated Functional Color Field Tester (FCFTester). Methods: The participants were recruited at three clinical sites. The participants were screened for the study based on a questionnaire designed by the authors to help assess the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 116 adult-only participants, however, only those reporting White race (n = 106) were used for statistical analysis. The mean age was 35.8 (std = 14) and nearly 70% of the sample was female. Results: This study demonstrated that kinetic visual field sizes across all four color isopters are not influenced by gender (p = 0.96) nor eye tested (p = 0.46). Only a slight difference in mean visual field sizes was found between the three clinical sites ranging from less than 2.5 degrees when the target was blue or green to less than 1.5 degrees for white or red targets. Overall, age had limited, yet significant, influence on kinetic field sizes likely related to the relatively young age of our participants. A significant difference in mean field size existed when comparing the four color isopters with an ascending order of green, red, blue, and white. This pattern was consistent across the three testing sites. Variability in field size for each color isopter was slight across the three clinical sites. Conclusion: The present pilot study shows promise that a protocol can be established to provide reproducible data and normative trends in kinetic color visual field testing. The authors recognize that this should be achievable with further refinement of the current testing protocol.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Intrastromal Riboflavin Concentration in Human Corneas after Three Corneal Cross-Linking Imbibition Procedures: A Pilot Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Franch ◽  
Federica Birattari ◽  
Gloria Dal Mas ◽  
Zala Lužnik ◽  
Mohit Parekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Pilot Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Present Pilot Study

Purpose. To compare stromal riboflavin concentration after three corneal cross-linking (CXL) imbibition procedures: standard (EpiOff), transepithelial corneal (EpiOn), and iontophoresis-assisted technique (Ionto) using 0.1% hypotonic riboflavin phosphate.Methods. Randomized open-label pilot clinical study. Twelve corneas/12 patients with advanced keratoconus were randomly divided into 4 groups for CXL (n=3). The corneas underwent imbibition with standard riboflavin EpiOff and with enhanced riboflavin solution (RICROLIN+) EpiOff, EpiOn, and iontophoresis techniques. Thereafter, deep anterior lamellar keratectomy procedure was performed and the obtained debrided corneal tissues were frozen. The maximal intrastromal riboflavin concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (mcg/dg).Results. The mean stromal concentration of riboflavin was2.02±0.72mcg/dg in EpiOff group,4.33±0.12mcg/g in EpiOff-RICROLIN+ group,0.63±0.21mcg/dg in EpiOn-RICROLIN+ group, and1.15±0.27mcg/dg in iontophoresis RICROLIN+ group. A 7-fold decrease in intrastromal riboflavin concentration was observed comparing EpiOn-RICROLIN+ and EpiOff-RICROLIN+ groups.Conclusion. The present pilot study indicates that both transepithelial CXL techniques in combination with hypotonic enhanced riboflavin formulation (RICROLIN+) were still inferior to the standard CXL technique; however, larger clinical studies to further validate the results are needed and in progress.

scholarly journals Effects of Shinrin-Yoku Retreat on Mental Health: A Pilot Study in Fukushima, Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kotera ◽  
Dean Fido
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Mean

Shinrin-yoku (forest bathing) is a cost-effective healing practice, and has attracted the interest of scientists. Recently, its effects on mental health has been increasingly reported. Japanese university students suffer from high rates of mental health problems, and the number of suicides remain high, despite the total number of suicides in Japan has been decreasing. Effective mental health approaches are sought after for Japanese students, however healthful treatment has not been identified to date. Accordingly, this pre-post pilot study evaluated the levels of mental wellbeing, self-compassion, and loneliness among 25 Japanese undergraduate students who participated in a three-day shinrin-yoku retreat in Fukushima, before, straight after and two weeks after the retreat. The mean scores of mental wellbeing increased significantly from pre-retreat to post-retreat; self-compassion and common humanity increased significantly from pre-retreat to follow-up; and mindfulness increased significantly from pre-retreat to post-retreat, and from pre-retreat to follow-up. The mean scores of loneliness did not make any significant changes. As self-compassion has been found strongly associated with mental health of university students, shinrin-yoku retreat should be evaluated with a larger sample and in a shorter time frame.

scholarly journals Sequence Graphics to Impart Drawing Skills in an Upper Extremity Anatomy Course

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha K1 ◽  
Priyadarshini NJ ◽  
Viveka Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Background Sequence ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Drawing Method ◽  
Drawing Skills

Background: Sequence graphics could be used to address the lacunae of drawing skill development in medical undergraduates. Objectives: The present study aimed to use sequence graphics to evaluate medical undergraduates in terms of drawing moderately complex diagrams. Methods: This pilot study was conducted on six medical students, and four moderately complex diagrams were evaluated regarding the usefulness of sequence graphics. Core and accessory components were identified before asking the students to draw the diagram. In a conventional drawing exercise, the students were asked to draw four diagrams consecutively during the dissection hour. On the next day, videos of sequence graphics were projected on the screen, and the students were asked to draw the diagrams simultaneously. Results: While using the conventional drawing method, the students took significantly more time to complete the diagram, the outcomes were not uniform, and several missing core and accessory components were detected. Using sequence graphics, all the students traced the diagrams in tandem with the projected videos. The videos would be paused and replayed an average of six times each; the mean duration of the videos was 95 seconds. The students started and ended the drawing at the same time, and immediate feedback revealed that they all agreed that sequence graphics could impart better drawing skills, thereby leading to the ease of drawing the diagrams. Conclusions: According to the results, sequence graphics resulted in uniform, centered, labelled, large diagrams with defined core and accessory components drawn in lesser time compared to conventional drawing.

scholarly journals Stress level among the final year medical students at an urban medical college: A cross-sectional study

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Monika Battula ◽  
Preethi Arunashekar ◽  
Arockia John ◽  
Radha ThiyagaRajan ◽  
P.N. Vinoth
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
The Mean

Introduction and Aim: Stress is a condition which is perceived through environmental threats and events and is initiated by stressors. Globally there is a high prevalence of stress among the medical students which impacts the cognitive and learning ability of medical students and also their mental wellbeing. The present study was conducted to identify the stressors and measure the intensity of the stress among final year medical students at AnurbanMedical College in Chennai.   Methods:This cross-sectional studywas conducted among 250 final year undergraduate medical students between JulyandSeptember 2018. The students were exposed to medical student stressor questionnaire (MSSQ-20), consisting of six domains including academic related stressors (ARS), teaching related stressors (TLRS), intrapersonal and interpersonal development stressors (IRS), social related stressors (SRS), desire related stressors (DRS) and group activities related stressors (GARS).The stress levelswere graded as mild, moderate, high and severe.   Results: Majority of the participantswere females(56%) and the mean age was 22.17± 0.94 years. MSSQ-20 analysis showed that 138 (55%) students perceived severe stress due to ARS and 85(34%) students were prone to high stress as a result of GARS. The mean score was higher for ARS, followed by GARS and the least score was observed in DRS.   Conclusion: Since academics and group activities are the most dominant stressors, there is a need for restructuring the medical education delivery system to enable the medical students acquires knowledge without compromising their health and wellbeing.

scholarly journals Aspiration in the Context of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Thomson ◽  
J Tye-Din ◽  
S Tonga ◽  
J Scott ◽  
C Mclaren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Pulmonary Aspiration ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Nuclear Scanning ◽  
Present Pilot Study

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary aspiration is a life-threatening complication of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, the incidence of which has not been determined. Endoscopy-related aspiration has not been studied in procedures in which patients swallow a radiolabelled potential aspirate immediately before endoscopy and undergo nuclear scanning postprocedure.METHODS: A pilot study was conducted in which 200 MBq of non-absorbable technetium-99m phytate in 10 mL of water was administered orally to 50 patients who were about to undergo endoscopy. Gamma camera images were obtained to ensure that there had been no aspiration before endoscopy. After endoscopy, a repeat scan was performed. Fluid aspirated through the endoscope was also collected and analyzed for radioactivity using a hand-held radiation monitor.RESULTS: No evidence of pulmonary aspiration was found in any of the patients studied. The mean estimated percentage of the initially administered radioactivity aspirated through the endoscope was 2.66% (range 0% to 10.3%).CONCLUSION: The present pilot study confirms earlier observations that clinically significant aspiration in the context of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is uncommon. The incidence of aspiration may, however, be different in acutely bleeding patients undergoing endoscopy. For logistic reasons, this group could not be studied.

The influence of continuous local wound infusion on postoperative pain in patients undergoing transfemoral amputation

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Uhl ◽  
Thomas Betz ◽  
Andrea Rupp ◽  
Markus Steinbauer ◽  
Ingolf Töpel
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Phantom Pain ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Stump Pain ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. Summary: Background: This pilot study was set up to examine the effects of a continuous postoperative wound infusion system with a local anaesthetic on perioperative pain and the consumption of analgesics. Patients and methods: We included 42 patients in this prospective observational pilot study. Patients were divided into two groups. One group was treated in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol and in addition to that received a continuous local wound infusion treatment (Group 1). Group 2 was treated with analgesics in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol, exclusively. Results: The study demonstrated a significantly reduced postoperative VAS score for stump pain in Group 1 for the first 5 days. Furthermore, the intake of opiates was significantly reduced in Group 1 (day 1, Group 1: 42.1 vs. Group 2: 73.5, p = 0.010; day 2, Group 1: 27.7 vs. Group 2: 52.5, p = 0.012; day 3, Group 1: 23.9 vs. Group 2: 53.5, p = 0.002; day 4, Group 1: 15.7 vs. Group 2: 48.3, p = 0.003; day 5, Group 1 13.3 vs. Group 2: 49.9, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups, neither in phantom pain intensity at discharge nor postoperative complications and death. Conclusions: Continuous postoperative wound infusion with a local anaesthetic in combination with a standard pain management protocol can reduce both stump pain and opiate intake in patients who have undergone transfemoral amputation. Phantom pain was not significantly affected.

Quantifying empathy levels among UK undergraduate medical students: an online survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711293
Author(s):  
Sarah Garnett ◽  
Hajira Dambha-Miller ◽  
Beth Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

BackgroundEmpathy is a key health care concept and refers to care that incorporates understanding of patient perspective’s, shared decision making, and consideration of the broader context in which illness is experience. Evidence suggests experiences of doctor empathy correlate with improved health outcomes and patient satisfaction. It has also been linked to job satisfaction, and mental wellbeing for doctors. To date, there is a paucity of evidence on empathy levels among medical students. This is critical to understand given that it is a key point at which perceptions and practices of empathy in the longer term might be formed.AimTo quantify the level of empathy among UK undergraduate medical studentsMethodAn anonymised cross-sectional online survey was distributed to medical students across three universities. The previously validated Davis’s Interpersonal Reactivity Index was used to quantify empathy. The survey also collected information on age, sex, ethnicity, year of medical school training and included a free-text box for ‘any other comments’.ResultsData analysis is currently underway with high response rates. Mean empathy scores by age, sex, year of study and ethnic group are presented. A correlation analysis will examine associations between age and year of study, and mean empathy sores.ConclusionThese data will help to provide a better understanding of empathy levels to inform the provision of future empathy training and medical school curriculum design. Given previous evidence linking experiences of empathy to better health outcomes, the findings may also be significant to future patient care

Depression, sleeping pattern, and suicidal ideation among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tasdik Hasan ◽  
Sahadat Hossain ◽  
Rajat Das Gupta ◽  
Vivek Podder ◽  
Naima Afroz Mowri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Cross Sectional
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