scholarly journals Determining Length of Mining Front in Non-Blast Open Mining of Complex Structure Carbonate Deposits

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Sergey Igorevich Fomin ◽  
Vinogradov Ivan Petrovich ◽  
Lapshin Nikolay Sergeevich
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Mining Front ◽  
Carbonate Deposits

Sr Isotope Chemostratigraphy and Pb–Pb Age of the Riphean Carbonate Deposits of the Kharaulakh Uplift (Northeastern Margin of the Siberian Platform)

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 377-387
Author(s):  
B.B. Kochnev ◽  
A.B. Kuznetsov ◽  
D.R. Sitkina ◽  
A.Yu. Kramchaninov
Keyword(s):  
Siberian Platform ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
86Sr Ratio ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Upper Riphean ◽  
Carbonate Deposits

Abstract —The least altered limestones of the Ukta and Eselekh formations in the Precambrian section of the Kharaulakh uplift have a minimum 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.70673–0.70715. The lowest 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the overlying Neleger and Sietachan formations is 0.70791–0.70817. Based on these data, along with the earlier obtained positive δ13С values (up to 8‰) for the Kharaulakh section, we have estimated the age of the Ukta and Eselekh formations at 800–670 Ma and the age of the Neleger and Sietachan formations at ~640–580 Ma. The Pb–Pb isochron age of the least altered limestones of the Eselekh Formation calculated from eight samples is 720 ± 30 Ma. This age permits us to define the lower part of the Kharaulakh section of the Ukta and Eselekh formations to be the late Tonian of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart or to the Upper Riphean of the General Stratigraphic Scale of Russia. The presence of reliably dated Upper Riphean sediments in the Kharaulakh uplift indicates a more complex structure of the Precambrian sedimentary cover on the Arctic margin of the Siberian Platform than assumed earlier.

scholarly journals Prediction of filtration and capacitive properties and oil saturation characteristics of complex structure carbonate reservoirs (on the example of the Northwestern part of DDB)

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
O. V. Oliinyk ◽  
S. A. Vyzhva ◽  
V. V. Antoniuk ◽  
I. M. Bezrodna
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Well Logging ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Oil Saturation ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Capacitive Properties ◽  
Carbonate Deposits

The world achievements of the study of carbonate reservoir rocks with secondary voids have been analyzed. An integrated approach to the study of this type of reservoir has been demonstrated on the example of reservoir rocks of the Visean strata of the South-Berestivske field in the North-Western part of the Dnipro-Donets Basin. The purpose of this article is to predict the reservoir filtration-capacitive properties, as well as oil saturation characte-ristics of complex carbonate reservoir rocks using well logging data. To solve this problem, an integrat-ed approach is used. It includes the methods of porosities balance and functional transformations (normalization) of the electrical and radioactive well logging curves (lateral logging - neutron gamma ray logging, impulse neu-tron-neutron logging - neutron gamma ray logging). As a result, the authors have identified intervals in the Visean carbonate deposits with cavernous voids and cracks. Each individual geophysical method is influenced by the structure of the void space. Due to this, when calculating the porosity coefficient for different probes, the au-thors identify intervals represented by carbonate deposits, mainly of the porous-cavernous type. However, there is an interval of 4287.6-4289.6 m of porous-cavernous-fractured type. It is established that in the selected layers the coefficients of different types of porosity are: secondary - 2.5-6%, cavernous - 1.7-5% and fracture -0.2%. The thickness of pro-ductive sediments varies within 0.8 - 2.4 m (the average value is 2 m). The authors also substantiated the choice of parameters when calculating the saturation coefficient in complex structural reservoirs. Moreover, it is noted that the reservoir properties are provided by the presence of secondary voids, namely the cavities through which the fluid is filtered, and the rock matrix is compacted, poor-porous and low-permeable.

A new method of complex structure analysis by electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 628-629
Author(s):  
V.V. Rybin ◽  
E.V. Voronina
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Plastic Strains ◽  
Base Position ◽  
Structural Regularity ◽  
Orientation Matrix ◽  
Computerized Processing ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Recently, it has become essential to develop a helpful method of the complete crystallographic identification of fine fragmented crystals. This was maainly due to the investigation into structural regularity of large plastic strains. The method should be practicable for determining crystallographic orientation (CO) of elastically stressed micro areas of the order of several micron fractions in size and filled with λ>1010 cm-2 density dislocations or stacking faults. The method must provide the misorientation vectors of the adjacent fragments when the angle ω changes from 0 to 180° with the accuracy of 0,3°. The problem is that the actual electron diffraction patterns obtained from fine fragmented crystals are the superpositions of reflections from various fragments, though more than one or two reflections from a fragment are hardly possible. Finally, the method should afford fully automatic computerized processing of the experimental results.The proposed method meets all the above requirements. It implies the construction for a certain base position of the crystal the orientation matrix (0M) A, which gives a single intercorrelation between the coordinates of the unity vector in the reference coordinate system (RCS) and those of the same vector in the crystal reciprocal lattice base : .

Computer processing of high-resolution images of periodic specimens

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
W. Chiu ◽  
M.F. Schmid ◽  
T.-W. Jeng
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Multiple Image ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Phase Probability Distribution

Cryo-electron microscopy has been developed to the point where one can image thin protein crystals to 3.5 Å resolution. In our study of the crotoxin complex crystal, we can confirm this structural resolution from optical diffractograms of the low dose images. To retrieve high resolution phases from images, we have to include as many unit cells as possible in order to detect the weak signals in the Fourier transforms of the image. Hayward and Stroud proposed to superimpose multiple image areas by combining phase probability distribution functions for each reflection. The reliability of their phase determination was evaluated in terms of a crystallographic “figure of merit”. Grant and co-workers used a different procedure to enhance the signals from multiple image areas by vector summation of the complex structure factors in reciprocal space.

A large rotating structure around AB Doradus A at VLBI scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S354) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
J. B. Climent ◽  
J. C. Guirado ◽  
R. Azulay ◽  
J. M. Marcaide
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Main Sequence ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Main Sequence Star ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Vlbi Observations ◽  
Rotating Structure ◽  
Source Structure ◽  
Expected Position

AbstractWe report the results of three VLBI observations of the pre-main-sequence star AB Doradus A at 8.4 GHz. With almost three years between consecutive observations, we found a complex structure at the expected position of this star for all epochs. Maps at epochs 2007 and 2010 show a double core-halo morphology while the 2013 map reveals three emission peaks with separations between 5 and 18 stellar radii. Furthermore, all maps show a clear variation of the source structure within the observing time. We consider a number of hypothesis in order to explain such observations, mainly: magnetic reconnection in loops on the polar cap, a more general loop scenario and a close companion to AB Dor A.

SAC3B is a target of CML19, the centrin 2 of Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pedretti ◽  
Carolina Conter ◽  
Paola Dominici ◽  
Alessandra Astegno
Keyword(s):  
Excision Repair ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Repair Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Ef Hand ◽  
Molecular Determinants ◽  
Structure In Solution

Arabidopsis centrin 2, also known as calmodulin-like protein 19 (CML19), is a member of the EF-hand superfamily of calcium (Ca2+)-binding proteins. In addition to the notion that CML19 interacts with the nucleotide excision repair protein RAD4, CML19 was suggested to be a component of the transcription export complex 2 (TREX-2) by interacting with SAC3B. However, the molecular determinants of this interaction have remained largely unknown. Herein, we identified a CML19-binding site within the C-terminus of SAC3B and characterized the binding properties of the corresponding 26-residue peptide (SAC3Bp), which exhibits the hydrophobic triad centrin-binding motif in a reversed orientation (I8W4W1). Using a combination of spectroscopic and calorimetric experiments, we shed light on the SAC3Bp–CML19 complex structure in solution. We demonstrated that the peptide interacts not only with Ca2+-saturated CML19, but also with apo-CML19 to form a protein–peptide complex with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. Both interactions involve hydrophobic and electrostatic contributions and include the burial of Trp residues of SAC3Bp. However, the peptide likely assumes different conformations upon binding to apo-CML19 or Ca2+-CML19. Importantly, the peptide dramatically increases the affinity for Ca2+ of CML19, especially of the C-lobe, suggesting that in vivo the protein would be Ca2+-saturated and bound to SAC3B even at resting Ca2+-levels. Our results, providing direct evidence that Arabidopsis SAC3B is a CML19 target and proposing that CML19 can bind to SAC3B through its C-lobe independent of a Ca2+ stimulus, support a functional role for these proteins in TREX-2 complex and mRNA export.

Crystal structures of Magnaporthe oryzae trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (MoTps1) suggest a model for catalytic process of Tps1

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (21) ◽  
pp. 3227-3240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Yanxiang Zhao ◽  
Long Yi ◽  
Minghe Shen ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Catalytic Process ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Salt Bridges ◽  
Terminal Domain

Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) synthase (Tps1) catalyzes the formation of T6P from UDP-glucose (UDPG) (or GDPG, etc.) and glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), and structural basis of this process has not been well studied. MoTps1 (Magnaporthe oryzae Tps1) plays a critical role in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, but its structural information is unknown. Here we present the crystal structures of MoTps1 apo, binary (with UDPG) and ternary (with UDPG/G6P or UDP/T6P) complexes. MoTps1 consists of two modified Rossmann-fold domains and a catalytic center in-between. Unlike Escherichia coli OtsA (EcOtsA, the Tps1 of E. coli), MoTps1 exists as a mixture of monomer, dimer, and oligomer in solution. Inter-chain salt bridges, which are not fully conserved in EcOtsA, play primary roles in MoTps1 oligomerization. Binding of UDPG by MoTps1 C-terminal domain modifies the substrate pocket of MoTps1. In the MoTps1 ternary complex structure, UDP and T6P, the products of UDPG and G6P, are detected, and substantial conformational rearrangements of N-terminal domain, including structural reshuffling (β3–β4 loop to α0 helix) and movement of a ‘shift region' towards the catalytic centre, are observed. These conformational changes render MoTps1 to a ‘closed' state compared with its ‘open' state in apo or UDPG complex structures. By solving the EcOtsA apo structure, we confirmed that similar ligand binding induced conformational changes also exist in EcOtsA, although no structural reshuffling involved. Based on our research and previous studies, we present a model for the catalytic process of Tps1. Our research provides novel information on MoTps1, Tps1 family, and structure-based antifungal drug design.

A Structured Method for the Recognition of Complex Historical Tables

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 58-77
Author(s):  
Vitaly Kliatskine ◽  
Eugene Shchepin ◽  
Gunnar Thorvaldsen ◽  
Konstantin Zingerman ◽  
Valery Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Tax Assessment ◽  
Optical Character ◽  
Algorithmic Model ◽  
Machine Readable

In principle, printed source material should be made machine-readable with systems for Optical Character Recognition, rather than being typed once more. Offthe-shelf commercial OCR programs tend, however, to be inadequate for lists with a complex layout. The tax assessment lists that assess most nineteenth century farms in Norway, constitute one example among a series of valuable sources which can only be interpreted successfully with specially designed OCR software. This paper considers the problems involved in the recognition of material with a complex table structure, outlining a new algorithmic model based on ‘linked hierarchies’. Within the scope of this model, a variety of tables and layouts can be described and recognized. The ‘linked hierarchies’ model has been implemented in the ‘CRIPT’ OCR software system, which successfully reads tables with a complex structure from several different historical sources.

Representation of bolted joints in a structure using finite element modelling and model updating

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7141-7151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Omar ◽  
M. N. Abdul Rani ◽  
M. A. Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Model Updating ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Bolted Joint ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Joint Structure

Efficient and accurate finite element (FE) modelling of bolted joints is essential for increasing confidence in the investigation of structural vibrations. However, modelling of bolted joints for the investigation is often found to be very challenging. This paper proposes an appropriate FE representation of bolted joints for the prediction of the dynamic behaviour of a bolted joint structure. Two different FE models of the bolted joint structure with two different FE element connectors, which are CBEAM and CBUSH, representing the bolted joints are developed. Modal updating is used to correlate the two FE models with the experimental model. The dynamic behaviour of the two FE models is compared with experimental modal analysis to evaluate and determine the most appropriate FE model of the bolted joint structure. The comparison reveals that the CBUSH element connectors based FE model has a greater capability in representing the bolted joints with 86 percent accuracy and greater efficiency in updating the model parameters. The proposed modelling technique will be useful in the modelling of a complex structure with a large number of bolted joints.

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