scholarly journals Some opportunistic infections in the structure of premature birth causes

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
O. V. Ostrovskaya ◽  
E. B. Nagovitsina ◽  
M. A. Vlasova ◽  
S. V. Suprun
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Herpesvirus 4 ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 4

Aim. To determine the structure and detection rate of some opportunistic infections in premature birth.Materials and methods. The study was carried out at the premises of the Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood Protection and the Pathology Department of the Khabarovsk Perinatal Center. We studied 62 placentas from women whose pregnancy ended prematurely and placentas and organ samples (heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys) from 14 premature infants who died in the early neonatal period. Thirty placentas of women who delivered full-term live babies were classified as a control group. Genomes of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma species (Ureaplasma urealyticum + Ureaplasma parvum), Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus, Human herpesvirus 4 type, Human herpesvirus 6 type, Parvovirus B19, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus species, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenza, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in samples of placental tissue and samples of internal organs of deceased newborns. Results. The rate of opportunistic agent detection in the placentas from women with preterm birth made 59.6% and in the sectional material from premature newborns who died in the early neonatal period (78.6%), which figures exceeded the same indicator in the control group (30.0%) respectively, by 2.0 (p=0.007) and 2.6 (p=0.002), respectively. In 47.9±7.2% of cases of all positive results, the material from women with preterm birth presented with various combinations of two, three, and four infectious agents, having common pathogenic links, which contributes to the aggravation of pathogenic processes, comorbidity or multimorbidity. According to the detection rates, in terms of total monoinfections and mixed infection components, pathogens detected during preterm birth were distributed as follows: U. urealyticum ‒ 34,2±5,4%; S. agalactiae ‒ 17,1±4,3%; M. hominis ‒ 15,8±4,1%; S. species (S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. mitis, S. mutans) ‒ 13,1±3,8%; Cytomegalovirus ‒ 11,8±3,7%; Human herpesvirus 4 type – 9,2±3,3%; M. genitalium ‒ 2,6±1,8%. Conclusion. PCR testing showed that placentas from women whose pregnancy ended prematurely and samples of placenta and organs of premature infants who died in the early neonatal period presented with opportunistic agents colonizing female genital tract (streptococci, mycoplasmas) or ubiquitous herpesviruses persistent and reproduced in human lymphocytes (Cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus 4 type). Associations of microorganisms that cause comorbidity or multimorbidity account for a significant portion of the infectious agents detected. The context for a microbiota-integrated opportunistic agent to transform into a pathogenic strain, identification of transformation predictors, and possible tools to correct the disorders – all these require further research.

scholarly journals Intestinal Microbiocenosis in Premature Infants in the Early Neonatal Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
G. Maimerova ◽  
N. Vychigzhanina ◽  
E. Kondratieva
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Premature Newborn ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Intestinal Microbiocenosis

The article presents the results of 92 preterm infants with various pathological conditions (study group) and 28 “conditionally healthy” preterm infants (control group). Bacteriological inoculation in premature infants was performed on the 1-7th day of life. To establish the features of the formation of intestinal microflora of a premature newborn in various pathological conditions in the early neonatal period.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY IN ADOLESCENT WOMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
O.S. Shkolnyk ◽  
O.K. Yefimenko ◽  
O.M. Malanchuk ◽  
L.M. Melenchuk ◽  
Ye.B. Sharhorodska
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Young Mothers ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

Aim: to assess the risk of adverse consequences of adolescent pregnancy for mother and foetus in women from Lviv region. Material and methods. Complications of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescent women were studied retrospectively at the Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital. Results and discussion. 134 cases of adolescent childbirths for 2013 to 2017 were analyzed. The analysis of data on the course of pregnancy in adolescent women showed that the vast majority of them had complicated pregnancy and were at risk of preterm childbirth. A significant proportion of young women, 78 (58.2%), significantly more often required the therapy during pregnancy. Assessment of the health status of newborns showed that ¼ (24.6%) of young women gave birth to premature babies, and almost 1/3 of children, 51 (38.0%), from young mothers had a complicated early neonatal period. Within the spectrum of complications, the commonest diagnosis was "prematurity" in 33 (24.6%) children from young mothers. The pathological course of the early neonatal period in 51 (38.0%) children of the main group required transfer to other departments for further treatment. 82 (61.2%) children from this group were discharged home, while in the control group all 100 (100.0%) children were discharged from maternity home. Conclusions. The study has demonstrated that the risk factors for perinatal pathology in newborns from adolescent women included probably complicated pregnancy, risk of spontaneous abortion (17.9%), preterm birth (24.6%), and the childbirth of premature infants with impaired condition at birth, who needed treatment in other medical institutions (38.0%). Adolescent pregnant women are at risk for obstetric and perinatal complications.

Disfunction of the left ventricle myocardium and its correction in premature infants with intrauterine pneumonia

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-418
Author(s):  
A. V. Gorshkov ◽  
O. I. Pikuza
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Index ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Pronounced Decrease ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Left Ventricle Myocardium

As many as 62 premature infants with intrauterine pneumonia are examined using echocardiography during early neonatal period. During the first 12 hours of life the disfunction of the left ventricle myocardium is diagnosed which is characterized by the pronounced decrease of the contractile and pump function, stroke and cardiac index of its myocardium. It is established that infusion of dapamine in dose of 58 mkg/ kg/ min provides the support of adequate contractility of the left ventricle myocardium and normalization of hemodynamics integral indices.

scholarly journals Multiple sclerosis, human herpesvirus 4 and thyroid collision tumor: A case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Sirbu ◽  
Carmen Sirbu ◽  
Lucian Eftimie ◽  
Angela Soare ◽  
Minerva Ghinescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Collision Tumor ◽  
Herpesvirus 4 ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 4

scholarly journals Absolute Neutropenia and Infection Development in Premature Infants in Early Neonatal Period: Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Vladimir E. Mukhin ◽  
Lyudmila L. Pankratyeva ◽  
Olga I. Mileva ◽  
Mikhael N. Yartsev ◽  
Nikolay N. Volodin
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Stimulation Index ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Blood Neutrophils

Background. Premature infants have high risk of developing of neutropenia and infections in the early neonatal period. The correlation of these events requires further studies.Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of absolute neutropenia and infectious complications cases in premature infants in the early neonatal period with estimation of phenotypical and functional features of cord blood neutrophils.Methods. The study included premature infants (gestational age 25–36 weeks) with APGAR score < 8 on the 1st and 5th minutes of life. The frequency of absolute neutropenia (at least once < 1.5109/l) and infectious complications (localized infections of bacterial etiology, early neonatal sepsis) cases in the first 14 day of life was analysed. Additionally, we have determined the expression of CD64, CD16, CD32 by cord blood neutrophils in premature (n = 102) and mature infants (n = 30) via method of flow cytofluorometry. We have used FITC labeled Escherichia coli to estimate their phagocytic activity, and stimulation of E. coli neutrophils in the presence of 5 mM of dihydrorhodamine 123 to estimate their stimulation index (ratio of mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of activated neutrophils in stimulated samples and in negative controls, E. coli free samples).Results. The episodes of absolute neutropenia in the first 14 days of life were recorded in 17 cases, infectious complications — in 87 children (in 24 cases — sepsis) in the group of premature infants. The frequency of infectious complications in premature children did not correlate with the frequency of absolute neutropenia episodes. Cord blood neutrophils in premature infants had higher CD64 expression and, on the contrary, lower CD16 expression, as well as low phagocytic activity and stimulation index value (in all cases p < 0.001).Conclusion. Absolute neutropenia in premature infants in early neonatal period does not correlate with high risk of bacterial infections. However, cord blood neutrophils in premature infants had lower functional activity.

FETUS STATE ASSESSMENT AND PECULIARITIES OF NEONATAL PERIOD COURSE IN CHILDREN BORN TO WOMEN OF LATE REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Kh.M. Omarova ◽  
◽  
E.S.-A. Ibragimova ◽  
T.Kh.-M. Khashayeva ◽  
I.Kh. Magomedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Brain Artery

Objective of the research: conduct a Doppler ultrasound (DUS) assessment of utero-placentalfetal blood flow and the condition of newborns in the early neonatal period from women of the late reproductive period (LRP), depending on the parity of delivery, using the example of women in the Chechen Republic. Material and methods: retrospective multicenter study. DUS assessment of the state of utero-placental-fetal blood flow and the state of newborns in the early neonatal period was performed in 95 pregnant women, including: group 1–35 primiparous of LRP and their 35 newborns, group 2 – 35 multi-pregnant (MP) of LRP and their 35 newborns. The 3 control group included 25 healthy pregnant women aged 18 to 25 years and their 25 newborns. DUS was performed on Aloka SD SSD 3500 device (Japan), and a transvaginal sensor was used if necessary. Newborns were assessed on the APGAR score at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. Of the instrumental methods for examining newborns, brain ultrasound examination (neurosonography) was used. Results: analyzing the DUS results of LRP pregnant, depending on the labor parity, it was found that in the 1st group there was an increase in resistance in both uterine arteries (61%), an increase in the resistance index and pulsation index, a decrease in diastolic blood flow, characteristic of arteries with high resistance. Hemodynamic parameters in the mid-brain artery (MBA) of the fetus remained normal in all pregnant women. LRP women often born children in a state of asphyxia, with neurological disorders, and these children often has more complex postnatal adaptation and concomitant pathology. Among LRP women, primiparous has significantly more severe disorders. Conclusion: the data of uteroplacental fetal blood flow of the 1st group correspond to blood flow disorders of the IA degree, which indirectly indicates a compensatory reaction of the vascular system of uteroplacental fetal blood flow, as well as the absence of a tendency to an increase in the severity of fetoplacental insufficiency. It is possible that high incidence of neurological disorders in children born to LRP women is associated with age-related changes in their germ cells, use of assisted reproductive technologies, intake of hormonal drugs at an early stage of pregnancy and environmental factors associated with iodine deficiency in the region which includes the North Caucasus.

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