scholarly journals HIGHER EDUCATION CONTRIBUTION TO ESTABLISHING THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY ALGERIAN CASE 2011-2018 WITH REFERENCE TO ARAB COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Messen Kerroumia
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Competitiveness Index ◽  
Education Performance

Algeria initiated reforms in various fields, including higher education in order to facilitate the transition to knowledge economy. This study showed the reality of higher education in Algeria and investigated its role in the production of knowledge by assessing the number of patents, scientific researches, university rankings; and it compared the Algerian higher education performance through Global Innovation Index and global competitiveness index. Using the collected data, the study clarified the relationship between expenditure on higher education and the number of patents issued, the result showed a strong positive relationship, and on the other hand it tried to explain the regression between Algeria's ranking on the global innovation index and the sub-indicator tertiary education. This study concluded by proposing the most important possible solutions to upgrade the Algerian performance. KEY WORDS: higher education, knowledge economy, government expenditure, university rankings, Innovation, patents, scientific research, human capital, GII, global competitiveness index, Algeria, Arab countries.

scholarly journals ENSURING A BALANCED INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE'S ECONOMY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL UNCERTAINTY

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Наталія Решетняк ◽  
Олена Назаренко ◽  
Юлія Єгорова
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Global Coordinate System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Competitiveness Index ◽  
Global Uncertainty

The need to ensure balanced innovative development of Ukraine is due to global uncertainty, dynamic processes and structural changes that are taking place today in the global economy. In these conditions, it is relevant to determine the position of Ukraine in the global coordinate system precisely in terms of innovation. Assessment of the state of the scientific and technical sphere, innovative development, research results in the countries of the world at the international level is carried out according to many indicators of various ratings, the most authoritative of which are: Global Innovation Index, Global Competitiveness Index, European Innovation Scoreboard. An analysis of the achieved level of innovative development of the Ukrainian economy in terms of international ratings requires the determination of methodological principles for their calculation. According to the results of the study, it was found that, despite some positive trends, in general, there is a significant gap between the level of innovative development of Ukraine and developed countries. It was found that the position of our country on the Global Competitiveness Index in the past few years has fluctuated between 76-89 places, in accordance with which, it is concluded that there are no effective reforms in the field of research, technology and innovation. The study of innovative activities of European countries and countries - regional neighbors demonstrated Ukraine's membership in the group with the status of «Modest Innovator». Low values of the analyzed indicators in international ratings are associated with errors in government policy and existing problems in the innovation sphere - the use of human potential, the quality of innovation infrastructure, the formation of sustainable relationships between elements of the national innovation system as a whole. The issues of cooperation with international institutions and poor integration into international scientific, technical and innovative cooperation remain unresolved. In this regard, steps are proposed in the direction of Ukraine joining the global innovation processes, which will bring the rating results closer to the level of developed countries in the future.

New Features of Higher Education Competitiveness in Terms of University-Industry Collaboration

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
Aslı Günay
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
World University Rankings ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

Nowadays, the competition in higher education is now changing shape. The collaboration between higher education institutions and the industry is increasingly perceived as the primary vehicle to enhance innovation through knowledge exchange. Accordingly, this study presents that university-industry collaboration positively affects countries' competitiveness through their higher education competitiveness. For this purpose, this study used the values of university-industry collaboration in R&D of the top 20 economies from the Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 report and the world university rankings as proxies for the university-industry collaboration and higher education competitiveness, respectively. This study's findings support the view that university-industry collaboration has a positive impact on higher education competitiveness and countries' competitiveness at the end.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to estimating the efficiency and effectiveness of research activities: world practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-40
Author(s):  
Kateryna KLYMENKO ◽  
◽  
Maksym SAVOSTIANENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Competitiveness Index

The article discusses methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of research activities used in world practice, in particular, such OECD standards as Oslo Manual, Frascati Manual, Using Patent Data as Science and Technology Indikators – Patent Manual, The Measurement of Human Resources Devoted to S&T – Canberra Manual and Guide for the Measurement and Interpretation of Balance of Payments Data, Hong Kong Principles etc. The assessment of the scientific sphere in international comparisons is given according to the following world rankings: The Global Innovation Index (GII, Global Innovation Index), the Global Competitiveness Index (GCІ, The Global Competitiveness Index) and the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS, European Innovation Scoreboard). To compare world practice, the article presents the indicators used in Ukraine for grouping statistical data on scientific activity, which are covered by the State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Education and Science. The article emphasizes the importance of adopting the Concept of the State Program for the Development of Research Infrastructures in Ukraine until 2026, proposed by the Ministry of Education and Science. The adoption of such a Concept is extremely important, as its implementation will contribute to the effective and balanced development of research infrastructures and will ensure the functioning of the research infrastructure system at the appropriate level. Scientists will be provided with access to a competitive research infrastructure and motivated to engage in high-level scientific and scientific-technical activities. The effectiveness of the Concept implementation measures will be ensured by optimizing logistical, financial and labor costs aimed at improving the quality of Ukrainian research infrastructures.

scholarly journals ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ЦИФРОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ

2021 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Ілля Дмитрієв ◽  
Оксана Дмитрієва
Keyword(s):  
Jel Classification ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Evolution ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Ict Development ◽  
Competitiveness Index

УДК 330.341; JEL Classification: O33   Мета: Метою статті є вивчення основних тенденцій розвитку цифрової економіки України та ідентифікація чинного законодавчого підґрунтя. Методика дослідження: В роботі використано методи аналізу та синтезу, системний підхід, порівняльний аналіз. Результати: Характерною ознакою сучасного етапу розвитку економіки є використання цифрових технологій, які стали каталізатором різкого збільшення мобільності товарних та фінансових потоків, забезпечують високу швидкість передачі інформації, внесли значний вклад в глобалізаційні та інтеграційні процеси світової економіки. Інформаційні технології стали невід’ємною частиною суспільних відносин та призвели до появи нових галузей господарства, ринків, конкурентних товарів та послуг. Одним із важливих параметрів, які на світовому рівні визначають якість та ступінь розвитку цифрової економіки, є світові рейтинги. Згідно з Концепцією розвитку цифрової економіки та суспільства України на 2018-2020 основними рейтинговими цілями її реалізації є досягнення визначених позицій у рейтингу. Для аналізу особливостей та тенденцій розвитку цифрової економіки України авторами проведено дослідження рейтингових індексів, що дають змогу оцінити її стан: Digital Economy and Society Index; Digital Evolution Index; Digital Adoption Index; ICT Development Index; Global Innovation Index; Networked Readiness Index; e-Intensity; IMD World Digital Competiveness Index; Global Competitiveness Index. В дослідженні проведено аналіз стану рівня використання та розвитку цифрових технологій в країні. Наукова новизна: існуючі нормативно-правові акти, що регламентують розвиток цифрової економіки України, актуалізують необхідність їх уніфікації та консолідації у вигляді Стратегії розвитку цифрової економіки України як стійкого законодавчого підґрунтя для забезпечення стратегічного розвитку цифрової економіки держави. Забезпечення розвитку цифрової економіки України передбачається через періодичне прийняття строкових програмних документів на у формі чинної Концепції розвитку цифрової економіки та суспільства України на 2018-2020 роки. Практична значущість: проведений аналіз та визначені особливості та тенденції розвитку цифрової економіки складають інтерес для органів державної влади, до відання яких належить регулювання цифрової економіки; для вітчизняних та зарубіжних науковців, що ведуть дослідження з цього питання.

scholarly journals Role and importance of companies in shaping and functioning of the innovation system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijada Rahimić
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Capabilities ◽  
Competitiveness Index ◽  
The Relationship

By continuously strengthening research and development (R&D) activities and innovative capabilities, companies are achieving long-term sustainable competitive advantages in today’s increasingly complex and uncertain markets. At the same time, by creating new knowledge, innovative application of existing knowledge and technologies, and facilitating their transfer, they contribute to building a knowledge economy and the country’s competitiveness. One of the pillars of the knowledge economy is an effective innovation system, in which companies have a special place and role. The aim of this paper is to present and analyse the contribution of companies to the efficient functioning of innovation systems, to examine the relationship and impact of innovation and R&D expenditures on global competitiveness. The Global Innovation Index (GII) and the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), in which innovation and sophistication represent one of the three categories of competitiveness, were used as a methodological framework for analysing the effects of innovation capabilities. The focus of the analysis was the relationship between innovation inputs and innovation outputs, as well as the relationship between the GII and GCI of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the countries of the Western Balkans and the group of selected countries of the European Union (EU). The research results show that there is a statistically significant relationship between innovation inputs and outputs. There are obvious differences in the strength of the link between the variables of innovation and competitiveness for the countries of the Western Balkans and for selected EU member states. It was also found that R&D expenditures significantly affect the value of the competitiveness index.

scholarly journals Análise do impacto das patentes no índice global de inovação com aplicação de lógica paraconsistente anotada

Exacta ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Demesio Carvalho Sousa ◽  
Rodrigo Franço Gonçalves ◽  
Lilian Sayuri Sakamoto ◽  
Jair Minoro Abe ◽  
Jose Benedito Sacomano
Keyword(s):  
Business School ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Competitiveness Index

Neste artigo, estuda-se a importância das patentes e seu impacto no The Business School for the World do Global Innovation Index (GII, 2012) e no desenvolvimento econômico dos países emergentes mediante análise do The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI, 2013) do World Economic Forum (WEF). Os países abordados neste estudo são: Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul (BRICS). Neste contexto, busca-se responder as duas seguintes proposições: A – as patentes podem influenciar de forma favorável o desenvolvimento da inovação de um país integrante do Brics. B – as patentes não influenciam de forma desfavorável nenhum país componente do Brics. A metodologia utilizada privilegiou dados secundários obtidos nos relatórios GII e GCI suportada por uma revisão de literatura e criação de um algoritmo para-analisador. A aplicação da Lógica Paraconsistente Anotada (LPA-2v) forneceu parâmetros para analisar e discutir os resultados a fim de formular estratégias e avaliar tendências.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE POSSIBILITY OF INNOVATIVE INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE AND THE EU

Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
Valeriia G. Shcherbak
Keyword(s):  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Member States ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Competitiveness Index ◽  
The Eu

Introduction. The revitalization of innovation in the global dimension has a significant impact on the competitiveness of the national economy. The intensification of innovation processes requires the use of innovative strategies. There is a significant differentiation of countries in terms of competitiveness and innovative development. At the present stage of reforming, the development of the economy on an innovative basis becomes one of the priorities of strengthening the competitiveness, modernization of the institutional base and effective use of the innovative potential of innovative integration of Ukraine and the EU.Hypothesis of scientific research. It is envisaged that the use of strategic priorities and mechanisms for utilizing Ukraine's innovation potential through the implementation of European practices of managing targeted innovation programs will allow developing programmatic measures to strengthen the existing and modernize the competitive advantages of innovative integration of Ukraine and the EU.The purpose of the article is setting priorities and developing a system of means of enhancing Ukraine's competitiveness on innovative grounds in the context of European integration.The research methodologyis the use of the European Innovation Scoreboard, the Innovation Index of the EU Member States. In the course of the study, the methods of systematization and taxonomy were used.Results: the position of Ukraine in the global and innovation ratings, the EU innovation scoreboard, the place of Ukraine in it, the position of Ukraine in the ranking of the countries of the world according to the Global Competitiveness Index, the Global Competitiveness Index. The analysis of differences in the development and implementation of innovative development strategies of EU Member States and Ukraine is conducted, the organizational and economic toolkit of innovative integration of Ukraine and the EU is substantiated.Conclusions: proved that macro-level competitiveness research in an innovative context is based on the methodology of calculation of such indicators as: IMD and WEF global competitiveness indices; global innovation development indices from Boston Consulting groupe and INSEAD; Eurostat European Innovation Rating (EIS); Bloomberg Agency Global Innovation Ratio (GIQ); international innovation index; composite eco-innovation index; the patent activity rating of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) allows you to find out the main directions of innovative integration of Ukraine and the EU.

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