Influence of different qualitative composition of infusion solutions on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with acute ischemic stroke

The aim: Investigate the effect of 0.9% NaCl, HES 130, HAES-LX-5% and mannitol 15% on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with AIS. Materials and methods: The study included 100 patients with AIS. As the investigated solutions were used: isosmolar 0.9% NaCl, hyperosmolar mannitol 15%, colloid-isoosmolar HES 130, colloid-hyperosmolar HAES-LX-5%. The control group received only 0.9% NaCl compared: 0.9% NaCl+HES 130, 0.9% NaCl+HAES-LX-5%, 0.9% NaCl+mannitol 15%. Evaluation of cerebral hemodynamic (indexes of cerebral blood flow) was performed using doppler ultrasound of cerebral arteries. Results: The dynamics of specific volume velocity of blood flow per 100 grams of brain substance indicates that in the group of 0.9% NaCl and 0.9% NaCl+mannitol is the tendency to decrease the blood flow of the brain during 7 days of treatment, respectively: 2.8% and 7.5%. In patients with HES 130 solution cerebral blood flow increases by 14.2%, whereas when applied HAES-LX-5% during 7 days, it increases by 43.2% (p=0.004). Conclusions: The analysis of the data of treatment the patients with AIS showed the best effect (p=0.004) of improvement of the cerebral circulation in the use of the polyfunctional infusion solution HAES-LX-5% unlike the 0.9% NaCl group and group of 0.9% NaCl+mannitol where was a decrease of the dynamics of cerebral blood flow, which could lead to hypoperfusion of the brain.

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Erratum

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.1994.113 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 884-884

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Ground Squirrel ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Ground Squirrels ◽

Control Group ◽

Local Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Correct Number ◽

Natural Tolerance ◽

The Brain

Local Cerebral Blood Flow During Hibernation, a Model of Natural Tolerance to “Cerebral Ischemia” Kai U. Frerichs, Charles Kennedy, Louis Sokoloff and John M. Hallenbeck [ originally published in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 1994;14(2):193–205] The weighted average cerebral blood flow in the brains of hibernating and nonhibernating ground squirrels appeared in three places in the article cited above. The numbers varied to some extent in each of the three places that they were displayed. The correct number for the active ground squirrel group was 62 ± 18 ml 100 g−1 min−1. The correct number for the hibernating group was 7 ± 4 ml 100 g−1 min−1. These numbers should be inserted on page 193 in the abstract so that the sentence would read, “Mean (± SD) mass-weighted CBF in the brain was 62 ± 18 ml 100 g−1 min−1 (n = 4) in the control group but was reduced to ischemic levels, 7 ± 4 ml 100 g−1 min−1 (n = 4), in the hibernating animals (p < 0.001).” The same numbers should be inserted into the sentence that begins at the bottom of page 198, “Average blood flow (± SD) in the brain as a whole in the hibernating animals was reduced to about 1/10 (7 ± 4 ml 100 g−1 min−1) of the level in active animals (62 ± 18 ml 100 g−1 min−1) (Table 4).” Finally, on page 201 at the bottom of Table 4 below “Weighted average in brain as a whole,” the readings should be 62 ± 18 for active and 7 ± 4 for hibernating.

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Impaired myogenic response and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow is rescued in CYP4A1 transgenic Dahl salt-sensitive rat

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00256.2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 308 (5) ◽

pp. R379-R390 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Fan Fan ◽

Aron M. Geurts ◽

Sydney R. Murphy ◽

Mallikarjuna R. Pabbidi ◽

Howard J. Jacob ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Cerebral Injury ◽

Transgenic Rat ◽

Myogenic Response ◽

Cerebral Vasculature ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽

The Brain

We have reported that a reduction in renal production of 20-HETE contributes to development of hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats. The present study examined whether 20-HETE production is also reduced in the cerebral vasculature of SS rats and whether this impairs the myogenic response and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF). The production of 20-HETE, the myogenic response of middle cerebral arteries (MCA), and autoregulation of CBF were compared in SS, SS-5BN rats and a newly generated CYP4A1 transgenic rat. 20-HETE production was 6-fold higher in cerebral arteries of CYP4A1 and SS-5BN than in SS rats. The diameter of the MCA decreased to 70 ± 3% to 65 ± 6% in CYP4A1 and SS-5BN rats when pressure was increased from 40 to 140 mmHg. In contrast, the myogenic response of MCA isolated from SS rats did not constrict. Administration of a 20-HETE synthesis inhibitor, HET0016, abolished the myogenic response of MCA in CYP4A1 and SS-5BN rats but had no effect in SS rats. Autoregulation of CBF was impaired in SS rats compared with CYP4A1 and SS-5BN rats. Blood-brain barrier leakage was 5-fold higher in the brain of SS rats than in SS-5BN and SS.CYP4A1 rats. These findings indicate that a genetic deficiency in the formation of 20-HETE contributes to an impaired myogenic response in MCA and autoregulation of CBF in SS rats and this may contribute to vascular remodeling and cerebral injury following the onset of hypertension.

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Peculiarities of cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases of viral etiology

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kmj1994 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 859-865 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T S Morozova ◽

I F Grishina ◽

I A Gurikova

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Liver Cirrhosis ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Vascular System ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

Viral Etiology ◽

The Brain ◽

Diffuse Liver Diseases

Aim. To study the features of cerebral blood flow at different structural and functional levels of the brain vascular system in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of viral etiology. Methods. A comprehensive ultrasound examination of the brain vascular system using an algorithm of cerebral arterial and venous blood flow examination based on the concept of the brain vascular system construction considering five structural and functional levels was performed in 65 chronic viral hepatitis patients and 61 patients with liver cirrhosis of viral etiology. The examination of the main brain arteries was performed using duplex scanning ultrasound SSD-5500 scanner («Aloka», Japan) with 5-12 MHz linear transducers. Examination of intracranial vessels was performed by transcranial color duplex scanning using ultrasonic SSD-5500 and «Sonoline G60» scanners («Siemens», Germany) with linear and phased 2.1-2.5 MHz transducers. Control group consisted of 50 healthy persons. Results. Remodeling of the cerebral arteries: the expansion of the lumen of the main cerebral vessels, reduction of blood flow in the carotid and middle cerebral arteries, decreased elasticity and increased vascular wall rigidity and, as a consequence, a change in vascular resistance and cerebral blood flow disturbance occurs in patients with chronic viral liver diseases. Identified changes of blood flow parameters at all levels of structural and functional brain perfusion indicate the presence of cerebral microangiopathy and arteriopathy based on the development of arteriosclerosis of main arteries and all penetrating arteries and arterioles in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases. Conclusion. Adaptive remodeling of the vascular wall of the main cerebral arteries which provides an adequate regulatory response is found in patients with hepatitis B and C-associated liver cirrhosis. The reduction of blood supply to the brain, depletion of functional vascular reserve and development of intracranial venous circulatory distress are seen in patients with liver cirrhosis associated with viral hepatitis.

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A prospective, randomized clinical trial to compare the effect of hyperbaric to normobaric hyperoxia on cerebral metabolism, intracranial pressure, and oxygen toxicity in severe traumatic brain injury

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2009.7.jns09363 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 112 (5) ◽

pp. 1080-1094 ◽

Cited By ~ 119

Author(s):

Sarah B. Rockswold ◽

Gaylan L. Rockswold ◽

David A. Zaun ◽

Xuewei Zhang ◽

Carla E. Cerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Intracranial Pressure ◽

Brain Tissue ◽

Cerebral Metabolism ◽

Treatment Session ◽

Control Group ◽

Normobaric Hyperoxia ◽

The Brain

Object Oxygen delivered in supraphysiological amounts is currently under investigation as a therapy for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Hyperoxia can be delivered to the brain under normobaric as well as hyperbaric conditions. In this study the authors directly compare hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) and normobaric hyperoxia (NBH) treatment effects. Methods Sixty-nine patients who had sustained severe TBIs (mean Glasgow Coma Scale Score 5.8) were prospectively randomized to 1 of 3 groups within 24 hours of injury: 1) HBO2, 60 minutes of HBO2 at 1.5 ATA; 2) NBH, 3 hours of 100% fraction of inspired oxygen at 1 ATA; and 3) control, standard care. Treatments occurred once every 24 hours for 3 consecutive days. Brain tissue PO2, microdialysis, and intracranial pressure were continuously monitored. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), arteriovenous differences in oxygen, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), CSF lactate and F2-isoprostane concentrations, and bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid interleukin (IL)–8 and IL-6 assays were obtained pretreatment and 1 and 6 hours posttreatment. Mixed-effects linear modeling was used to statistically test differences among the treatment arms as well as changes from pretreatment to posttreatment. Results In comparison with values in the control group, the brain tissue PO2 levels were significantly increased during treatment in both the HBO2 (mean ± SEM, 223 ± 29 mm Hg) and NBH (86 ± 12 mm Hg) groups (p < 0.0001) and following HBO2 until the next treatment session (p = 0.003). Hyperbaric O2 significantly increased CBF and CMRO2 for 6 hours (p ≤ 0.01). Cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentrations decreased posttreatment in both the HBO2 and NBH groups (p < 0.05). The dialysate lactate levels in patients who had received HBO2 decreased for 5 hours posttreatment (p = 0.017). Microdialysis lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratios were significantly decreased posttreatment in both HBO2 and NBH groups (p < 0.05). Cerebral blood flow, CMRO2, microdialysate lactate, and the L/P ratio had significantly greater improvement when a brain tissue PO2 ≥ 200 mm Hg was achieved during treatment (p < 0.01). Intracranial pressure was significantly lower after HBO2 until the next treatment session (p < 0.001) in comparison with levels in the control group. The treatment effect persisted over all 3 days. No increase was seen in the CSF F2-isoprostane levels, microdialysate glycerol, and BAL inflammatory markers, which were used to monitor potential O2 toxicity. Conclusions Hyperbaric O2 has a more robust posttreatment effect than NBH on oxidative cerebral metabolism related to its ability to produce a brain tissue PO2 ≥ 200 mm Hg. However, it appears that O2 treatment for severe TBI is not an all or nothing phenomenon but represents a graduated effect. No signs of pulmonary or cerebral O2 toxicity were present.

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Cerebral blood flow during hypoxic hypoxia with plasma-based hemoglobin at reduced hematocrit

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.6.h1933 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 274 (6) ◽

pp. H1933-H1942 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

John A. Ulatowski ◽

Enrico Bucci ◽

Anna Razynska ◽

Richard J. Traystman ◽

Raymond C. Koehler

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Hypoxic Hypoxia ◽

Control Group ◽

Hemoglobin Solution ◽

Sagittal Sinus ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anemia Group ◽

The Brain

We determined whether cerebral blood flow (CBF) remained related to arterial O2 content ([Formula: see text]) during hypoxic hypoxia when hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were independently varied with cell-free, tetramerically stabilized hemoglobin transfusion. Three groups of pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized cats were studied with graded reductions in arterial O2saturation to 50%: 1) a control group with a hematocrit of 31 ± 1% (mean ± SE; n = 7); 2) an anemia group with a hematocrit of 21 ± 1% that underwent an isovolumic exchange transfusion with an albumin solution ( n = 8); and 3) a group transfused with an intramolecularly cross-linked hemoglobin solution to decrease hematocrit to 21 ± 1% ( n = 10). Total arterial hemoglobin concentration (g/dl) after hemoglobin transfusion (8.8 ± 0.2) was intermediate between that of the control (10.3 ± 0.3) and albumin (7.2 ± 0.4) groups. Forebrain CBF increased after albumin and hemoglobin transfusion at normoxic O2 tensions to levels attained at equivalent reductions in [Formula: see text] in the control group during graded hypoxia. Over a wide range of arterial O2 saturation and sagittal sinus[Formula: see text], CBF remained greater in the albumin group. When CBF was plotted against[Formula: see text] for all three groups, a single relationship was formed. Cerebral O2 transport, O2 consumption, and fractional O2 extraction were constant during hypoxia and equivalent among groups. We conclude that CBF remains related to [Formula: see text] during hypoxemia when hematocrit is reduced with and without proportional reductions in O2-carrying capacity. Thus O2 transport to the brain is well regulated at a constant level independently of alterations in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and O2 saturation.

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Analysis of muscle tone and strength and cerebral blood flow in kickboxers

Pedagogics psychology medical-biological problems of physical training and sports ◽

10.15561/18189172.2019.0507 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 254-261

Author(s):

A.V. Shevtsov ◽

S.L. Sashenkov ◽

D.Z. Shibkova ◽

P.A. Baiguzhin

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Functional Status ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Blood Flow Velocity ◽

Muscle Tone ◽

Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽

Control Group ◽

Muscle Imbalance ◽

Vertebrobasilar System

Purpose: the article deals with providing a characteristic of muscle and tone status as well as precerebral and cerebral hemodynamics in kickboxers. Materials: 102 athletes with the qualification from the Second-class Athlete to the Master of Sport voluntary participated in the study. The average age of athletes at the moment of the study was 20.90±0.50. The average sports experience of participants was equal to 4.15±2.77. The control group consisted of apparently healthy young males of the same age but not involved in sports activities (n=35). The indicators of muscle tone and strength and cerebral blood flow were studied with the help of Doppler ultrasound of the main arteries of the head, electroneuromyography, and transcranial Doppler. Results: the article provides the results of the study on the effect of muscle and tone disturbances in the spinal motion segment on the functional status of precerebral and cerebral blood flow. The disturbances in nerve conduction velocity in the symmetrical groups of trunk muscles are considered as the reason for muscle imbalance in 50% of athletes. The analysis of blood flow indicators in kickboxers with muscle imbalance revealed a typical increase in the tone of precerebral vessels and changes in the gradients of blood flow velocity in various segments of the carotid and vertebral arteries. The decrease of cerebral blood flow in athletes, in particular, the venous outflow of a dystonic nature, is the result of spasmodic and ischemic Doppler patterns against a decreased indicator of arteriovenous balance. Mild traumatic brain injuries should also be taken into account when speaking about the development of cerebrovascular dysfunction as a result of kickboxers’ sparring activities and competitions. Conclusions: Differentiated disturbances in sensory and motor conductivity result in the disturbance of afferentation and muscle imbalance intensity. Angiospasm and vascular ischemia determine the increase in the linear blood flow velocity in the carotid system and the decrease in the vessels of the vertebrobasilar system against the increase in resistivity indicators in the carotid basins and vertebrobasilar system in kickboxers. Correlation analysis revealed visceral motor correlations, which proved the influence of the functional status of the regional muscle system on cerebral hemodynamics. The analysis of tone and strength muscle characteristics and cerebral blood flow in kickboxers indicates the necessity of correcting muscle and tone asymmetry of the paravertebral area.

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Hypoxia-specific anti-RAGE exosomes for nose-to-brain delivery of anti-miR-181a oligonucleotide in an ischemic stroke model

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d0nr07516g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Minkyung Kim ◽

Youngki Lee ◽

Minhyung Lee

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Brain Delivery ◽

Stroke Model ◽

Thrombolytic Agents ◽

The Brain

Ischemic stroke is caused by a reduction in blood flow to the brain due to narrowed cerebral arteries. Thrombolytic agents have been used to induce reperfusion of occluded cerebral arteries....

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Measurement of the Intracranial Arterial Wedge Pressure in Cases of Acute Cerebral Arterial Occlusion to Determine the Indication of Intraarterial Thrombolytic Therapy

Interventional Neuroradiology ◽

10.1177/15910199000060s135 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 213-215

Author(s):

T. Terada ◽

M. Tsuura ◽

H. Matsumoto ◽

O. Masuo ◽

G. Hyotani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Thrombolytic Therapy ◽

Arterial Occlusion ◽

Time Loss ◽

Cerebral Arterial Occlusion ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Brain ◽

Wedge Pressure

Wedge pressure of the occluded major cerebral artery (distal pressure beyond the occlusion) was measured to estimate the residual cerebral blood flow in thirteen patients with acute ischemic stroke. There existed the relationship that patients with higher wedge pressure tolerated longer ischemic insults than those with lower wedge pressure. Wedge pressure is measured with minimum time loss before starting thrombolytic therapy and may be a good indicator to estimate the brain tissue reversibility.

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Abstract TP271: Improvement of Cerebral Blood Flow With DS-1040 in a Rat Thromboembolic Stroke Model

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.47.suppl_1.tp271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Kengo Noguchi ◽

Naoko Edo ◽

Yusuke Ito ◽

Yoshiyuki Morishima ◽

Kyoji Yamaguchi

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Saline Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Model ◽

Thromboembolic Stroke ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Autologous Whole Blood

Introduction: DS-1040 is a novel inhibitor of the activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) and is in clinical development for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of DS-1040 on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in a rat thromboembolic stroke model. Methods: The CBF was transcranially and continuously monitored during the experiment by laser Doppler flowmetry system using a probe fixed to the skull above the territory of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) of an anesthetized male SHR/Izm rat. After recording basal CBF, non-autologous whole blood clot was injected into the internal carotid artery. We conducted a 3-arm study. Saline (control) and DS-1040 (3.0 mg/kg) were intravenously injected as a bolus 5 min after the clot injection. The dosage of DS-1040 was set to achieve full inhibition of TAFIa during the experiment. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA, 7.0 mg/kg; positive control) was intravenously injected 5 min after the clot injection by 10% bolus and 90% infusion for 60 min. The CBF(%) was defined as percent of the CBF at each time point to the mean basal CBF and the area under the curve of the CBF(%) after the drug injection, AUC 5-110min , was calculated. Results: The CBF(%) decreased after the clot injection, indicating the clot embolized the MCA. A significant increase of the AUC 5-110min was observed in the rt-PA group (8416.2 %·min ± 642.4 %·min, mean ± SE) compared to the control group (3728.7 %·min ± 684.2 %·min), indicating the model is sensitive to tPA. DS-1040 also significantly increased the AUC 5-110min (6645.3 %·min ± 861.9 %·min) compared to the control group. Conclusions: DS-1040 restored CBF in a rat thromboembolic stroke model suggesting DS-1040 is expected to be beneficial for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of an inhibitor of TAFIa improving the CBF in a thromboembolic stroke model.

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The Cerebral Circulation During Pregnancy: Adapting to Preserve Normalcy

Physiology ◽

10.1152/physiol.00048.2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 139-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Abbie C. Johnson ◽

Marilyn J. Cipolla

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Blood Brain Barrier ◽

Cerebral Circulation ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation ◽

And Function ◽

The Brain ◽

Brain Homeostasis

The adaptation of the brain and cerebral circulation to pregnancy are unique compared with other organs and circulatory systems, ultimately functioning to maintain brain homeostasis. In this review, the effect of pregnancy on critical functions of the cerebral circulation is discussed, including changes occurring at the endothelium and blood-brain barrier, and changes in the structure and function of cerebral arteries and arterioles, hemodynamics, and cerebral blood flow autoregulation.

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