Trends and problems of coal industry development in Ukraine (on the example of state enterprise «Lvivvuhillya»)

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Hanna Oleksyuk ◽  
Nataliya Samotiy
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
The Future ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
High Level ◽  
Coal Enterprises

The article deals with the general tendencies and problems of the development of the Ukrainian coal industry in recent years. The main reasons for the problems and reduction of coal production in Ukraine due to the corresponding exhaustion of stocks as a result of long-term exploitation of coal mining enterprises are outlined. In addition, the unsatisfactory condition of the main equipment of the mines and its high level of deterioration and low rates of restoration of fixed assets are determined. The pace of investment and innovation processes in the coal industry of Ukraine today does not correspond to real needs and opportunities for increasing of coal production. The reformation and restructuring of coalmining enterprises is far behind the planned state program measures, including privatization processes, attracting private investment, improving approaches to management, closing unprofitable loss-making mines and building new prospective mines. The article highlights prospective directions of increasing coal mining, both operating mines and the possibility of building new explored reserves of energy and coking coal, in particular, in the Lviv-Volyn coal basin. The main reasons for the unprofitability of coal enterprises, untimely payment of wages to miners, problems of investment and innovation development of the coal industry are outlined. The complexity of the processes of voluntary association of communities in coal regions in the framework of the decentralization reform consists in the presence of environmental problems and the future closure of coal mining enterprises, negatively affecting the overall economic potential of the future united territorial communities. The paper proves that the strategic development of the united territorial communities in the areas of coal deposits (on the example of the Lviv region) is closely connected to the presence of coal mining enterprises there and the construction of new mines there. Strategic directions of innovative development of Ukraine's coal industry, the principles of reform and restructuring of the coal enterprises are defined.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF COAL MINING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наталья Алексеевна Бойко ◽  
Наталья Владимировна Ромашева
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Atmospheric Air

Представлена характеристика угольной отрасли России по таким направлениям как организационная структура, объем и регионы добычи, потребители угля. Выявлены положительные тенденции, определены проблемы в развитии угольной промышленности. Исследованы негативное воздействие угольного производство на такие компоненты окружающей среды, как атмосферный воздух, водные ресурсы, земная поверхность. The characteristic of the Russian coal industry in such areas as the organizational structure, volume and regions of production, coal consumers has been presented. Positive trends and problems in the development of the coal industry have been identified. The negative impact of coal production on environmental components such as atmospheric air, water, the earth’s surface has been investigated.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF FAIR TRANSFORMATION OF COAL REGIONS OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Vovk ◽  
І. Rabosh ◽  
R. Kharchenko ◽  
E. Kukuyashnyy
Keyword(s):  
Job Creation ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Current State ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
The World ◽  
Coal Enterprises ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
And Training

The paper analyzes the changes taking place in recent years in the coal industry of Ukraine and the world and examines measures for innovation in energy. The main goals, challenges and prospects of fair transformation of coal regions are revealed by analyzing the current state of the coal industry of Ukraine and world trends. The instruments of the state policy on providing the fired workers of the coal regions with jobs in case of liquidation / transformation of mines are defined and the alternatives of the policy of promoting the employment of the fired workers for making effective decisions are established. Peculiarities and factors of creation of technological or eco-technological parks on the basis of coal enterprises are studied. It is concluded that one of the effective solutions for the fair transformation of coal regions can be the transformation / transformation of the mine as a state enterprise into a park system by involving energy companies. The implementation of investment projects using the infrastructure of the mine for other activities is promising. Significant work should be done on job creation programs and training / retraining / retraining of workers, design of industrial parks and implementation of innovative projects.

scholarly journals The state of the coal industry of Donbass at the end of the XIX – at the beginningof the XX century

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
І.В. Довжук
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Technical Improvement ◽  
Donetsk Basin ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Coal Enterprises ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations

The article deals with the development of coal industry of the Donetsk basin and technical support of mineral fuel production in the mines of the region in the late XIX - early XX centuries. The last decade of the XIX century. characterized by the concentration of coal enterprises, which led to the widespread implementation of steam lifting, drainage and ventilation devices, the use of dynamite instead of gunpowder in the conduct of underground mining; construction of better equipped and capital super-mine technological complexes. It is noted that the coal mining enterprises of Donbass in 1914, although technically lagging behind the leading capitalist countries, were relatively modernized and showed positive tendencies to their further improvement.One of the major drawbacks of the beginning of the development of the Donbass coal industry was the lack of advanced machinery.  By the middle of 1914 at least 12 types of felling machines were already actively used in the mines of the Donetsk basin, moreover, the supply of disk and rod machines was carried out by British factories, chain - American, shock - British, American, and German. Cutting machines belonged to the heavy type and cost several times more than percussion. Cutting machines were driven by pneumatic or electropneumatic engines. It was emphasized that miners in search of maximum optimization and productivity of coal mining were increasingly concerned about the technical improvement of their enterprises, as the introduction of appropriate innovations could significantly affect the economic feasibility and profitability of enterprises. This was required by the technological necessity in connection with the expansion of production and the constant shortage of labor. Foreign owners and shareholders who tried to introduce advanced technologies of their countries played an important role in the implementation of innovations. In addition, technical improvements in mining processes not only brought economic benefits to their owners, but sometimes indirectly improved working conditions and safety at mining facilities.

scholarly journals Техническое переоснащение предприятий угольной промышленности Приморья в годы индустриализации

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Far East ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coal Enterprises

В статье рассматриваются исторические аспекты процесса технического переоснащения угольной отрасли Приморья в 1930-е гг., выявляются предпосылки, условия и трудности перехода угольных предприятий региона на новую техническую основу. На смену полукустарным дореволюционным шахтам, основанным на ручном труде и паровых машинах, пришли современные технически оснащенные механизированные угледобывающие предприятия, работающие на машинах с электрическим приводом, однако процесс технического переоснащения шахт Приморья под влиянием различных факторов происходил медленнее, чем в других районах страны. Несмотря на это, как заключают авторы, приморские шахты в годы индустриализации стали главной топливной базой для развития электроэнергетики, индустрии и оборонной промышленности Дальнего Востока. Ключевые слова: угольная промышленность, механизация, электрификация, машинизация, индустриализация, Приморье, Дальний Восток The article examines the history of the technical re-equipment of the coal industry in Primorye in the 1930s, identifying the background, conditions and difficulties of coal enterprises’ transition to new technical base. The pre-revolutionary semi-artisan mines based on manual labor and steam engines were replaced by modern technically equipped mechanized coal mining enterprises, however, the process of technical re-equipment here went slower than in other regions of the Soviet Union due to the influence of various factors. Nevertheless, as the authors conclude, during industrialization the coal mines of Primorye became the main fuel base for the development of power generation, industry and defense sector in the Soviet Far East. Keywords: coal industry, mechanization, electrification, industrialization, Primorye, Soviet Far East

scholarly journals Impact of basic risks, sanctions and adverse market conditions on the coal industry development in Russia over the period to 2040. Part II: Impact of risks and sanctions on the coal industry, and efficiency of the industry advancement scenarios in the post-crisis period

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Plakitkin ◽  
◽  
L. S. Plakitkina ◽  
K. I. Dyachenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Risk Scenarios ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The external and internal challenges discussed in Part I of this article in Gornyi Zhurnal Issue 10, 2020, which are risk-critical for the coal industry of Russia, became a framework for the assessment of the impact exerted on the industry by sanctions and adverse conjuncture, as well as for the performance evaluation of the industry advancement scenarios. The maximum impact on the coal industry in Russia is exerted by risks connected with the coal market slump in the world. Furthermore, in recent years, coal demand suffers from depression due to some economical and technological development conditions in the world economy. The ecological pressure on the coal industry is also dynamized. Alongside with risks connected with the adverse conjuncture on the international and domestic markets, including risks of the limited market access, the increasingly higher importance is attached to the risks connected with sanctions imposed on the Russian economy. At the present time, the future of the coal industry in Russia is greatly uncertain. The governmental policy documents introduce a wide range of advancement routes for the coal industry with regard to potential risks. To find more accurate output margins in coal production, prediction and assessment of risk impact on the coal industry is required. The calculation of the risk impact on the coal industry using ERI/RAS model Riskugol shows that sanctions have never exerted any influence on the volumes of coal production and export in Russia. However, accretion of sanctions can appreciably reduce potentialities of the future advancement in the coal industry. The coal industry advancement scenarios are developed and used to assess the industry performance over the period to 2040. Despite higher efficiency of risk scenarios, they also feature higher social risks. Innovativity of the risk scenarios, which drastically improves labor efficiency in the industry, results in layoff and reduction of employees. To counterpoise social risks in the industry over the whole prediction period (even with regard to retirement rate), it is required to create 35–40 thousands of new jobs. This study has been partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of R&D Project No. 18-010-00467 Development of Economic Indicators and Production Data for the Coal Industry Development in Russia up to 2035 with the Changing Vector of Global Technological Innovation due to Implementation of Industry 4.0 Program.

scholarly journals Changing Landscape of the Coal Mining Industry in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mastalerz ◽  
Agnieszka Drobniak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Active Coal

Coal has long been a valuable natural resource in the United States throughout the country’s history.  European settlers began to use coal in the late 1740s and, as energy demands increased, coal production climbed from 9.3 million tons in 1850 to 750 million in 1918. Eventually coal replaced wood as the primary energy source, and by the 1940s coal provided up to 75 % of US energy. Bituminous coal was the first target of US coal mining. This changed between 1843 and 1868 when more anthracite began to be mined. Used in iron smelting, this cleaner and smokeless alternative became the preferred fuel in cities. However, limited anthracite resources could not fulfill increasing demand. Production of sub-bituminous coal began to slowly rise, and in 2010 it was greater than bituminous coal production. Until the 1950s, coal was primarily mined using underground methods. By the 1970s, however, the development of cheaper surface mining proved a viable alternative for the US coal industry. In the last 10 years, coal production in the United States has dropped 37 %, from about 1.1 billion to about 702 million tons in 2017, and the number of active coal mines has also declined. Coal consumption declined as a result of an increased supply of cheaper and cleaner natural gas, growth of renewable energy sources, and enforced environmental regulations. Coal provided close to 60 % of US electricity in the mid-1980s, but only about 30 % in 2017. While there were 606 coal-burning power plants in 2007, only 359 were operating in 2017, with the remainder closed because of aging infrastructure and stiffer environmental guidelines. Coal mining is an industry in transition as new technologies and policies continually reshape the energy landscape. With increased competition from other sources of energy and a steady decline in the number of coal-fired power plants, the coal industry needs innovations to continue.

scholarly journals Analysis of Trends of the Sustainable Development Strategy of Coal Industry in Kuzbass

2021 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 03030
Author(s):  
Irina Dymova ◽  
Yanina Formulevich ◽  
Olga Karpova ◽  
Igor Lyamkin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the trends of the strategy of sustainable development of coal industry in Kuzbass and the prospects for its development. The main problems connected with the coal enterprises operations are identified, possible ways of their solutions are presented within the framework of the adopted "Strategy for social-and-economic development of the region for the period up to 2035". Having analyzed the program under study, the proposals for its correction or addition in terms of improving the ecology of the region, social-and-economic development, preserving the natural landscape and biogeocenosis were made. The options for transporting coal and increasing the level of coal production technologies in underground mining were proposed. The article provides statistical data on coal mining for the period 2009-2020, and international experience of coal-mining countries. The authors consider the problems of export and transportation of coal, the impact of world prices on coal production. In addition, the authors of the article focus on the legal and legislative consolidation of the main conditions for control and regulation of the subsoil use in Kuzbass, make proposals for its effectiveness, in order to reduce social tension, environmental pollution, reduce the risk of earthquakes, and preserve coal resources for future generations.

scholarly journals The efficiency of the coal industry based on the factor of labor productivity growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Zhaken Kakitaevich GALIEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Mining Methods ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

Relevance. Insufficiently high labor productivity at coal mining enterprises actualizes a study to increase the efficiency of their activities based on the factor of productivity growth. Purpose – substantiation of a possible increase in labor productivity with a change in the ratio of open and underground mining methods. Methodology – analysis of changes in labor intensity with various options for the share of open and underground development methods, as well as assuming an increase in production. Results. Issues of effective production and economic activity of coal industry enterprises are considered taking into account the factor of increasing labor productivity of workers. For the efficient functioning of coal mining enterprises, certain correlations should be fulfilled between the rates of change in the volume of coal production, labor productivity and the cost of coal production. Changes in coal production can be achieved mainly by the ratio of underground and open-cast mining. An approach to determining the level of labor intensity of work in the coal industry with a change in the ratio of underground and open coal mining methods is proposed; with a corresponding increase in labor productivity, the unit cost of production in the planning period is determined. The factors of growth of labor productivity in the coal industry are given: an increase in the utilization rate of combines for sewage treatment and bucket excavators for opencast mines; progressive changes in the design and operational characteristics of the main coal mining equipment; the use of imported equipment only in economically feasible mining conditions; the possibility of growth of stimulating factors to ensure the corresponding labor productivity of coal mining workers; increase in the share of coal from mines and opencasts with low cost of coal mining. Conclusions. The approach developed by the authors to determine the level of reduction in the labor intensity of work in the coal industry can be used in conditions of changing the ratio of open and underground mining methods, and accordingly, the change in the cost of production of one ton of coal as a whole for the joint-stock company can be forecasted.

scholarly journals Kuzbass-2035: the territory as a driver of economic growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Olesya I. Khokhrina
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Mining Centers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Development Model

The article considers the necessity to transform the existing economic development model of Kuzbass – the leading coal mining center in Russia – due to the increasing external risks, the problems of the coal sector in Russia as well as the adaptation of the region to a new reality. The author identifies five key factors of influence: decarbonization of the world economy; a fall in coal prices; the COVID-19 pandemic that has triggered the global crisis; long-term reduction of coal consumption in the Russian Federation; the formation of new coal mining centers in eastern Russia. As a result, based on a change in coal production in the region, three scenarios for the development of the coal industry and the economy of the Kemerovo region as a whole have been proposed. According to the author, with the existing regional model, the most likely scenario for Kuzbass in 10-15 years is a shock scenario, i.e. due to the decrease in global demand for hydrocarbons coal production in Kuzbass is expected to drop by 70-100 million tons per year, which could provoke a deep socio-economic crisis in the region. To avoid negative economic and social outcomes, it seems advisable to immediately start renovation of the Kuzbass economy with active participation of the state on the basis of a new reading of the model of territorial production complexes (TPC) which was successfully implemented in the region in the 20th century. The role of the basic industries of modern TPCs of the Kemerovo region can be assumed by clean coal technologies, petroleum chemistry and oil refining. At the same time, the author emphasizes that the restart of the model for the development of regional economy is possible only if the businesses (the owner of production assets), the government and the society reach the agreement and share full responsibility for the renovation processes of the resource territory.

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