scholarly journals Kuzbass-2035: the territory as a driver of economic growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Olesya I. Khokhrina
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Mining Centers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Development Model

The article considers the necessity to transform the existing economic development model of Kuzbass – the leading coal mining center in Russia – due to the increasing external risks, the problems of the coal sector in Russia as well as the adaptation of the region to a new reality. The author identifies five key factors of influence: decarbonization of the world economy; a fall in coal prices; the COVID-19 pandemic that has triggered the global crisis; long-term reduction of coal consumption in the Russian Federation; the formation of new coal mining centers in eastern Russia. As a result, based on a change in coal production in the region, three scenarios for the development of the coal industry and the economy of the Kemerovo region as a whole have been proposed. According to the author, with the existing regional model, the most likely scenario for Kuzbass in 10-15 years is a shock scenario, i.e. due to the decrease in global demand for hydrocarbons coal production in Kuzbass is expected to drop by 70-100 million tons per year, which could provoke a deep socio-economic crisis in the region. To avoid negative economic and social outcomes, it seems advisable to immediately start renovation of the Kuzbass economy with active participation of the state on the basis of a new reading of the model of territorial production complexes (TPC) which was successfully implemented in the region in the 20th century. The role of the basic industries of modern TPCs of the Kemerovo region can be assumed by clean coal technologies, petroleum chemistry and oil refining. At the same time, the author emphasizes that the restart of the model for the development of regional economy is possible only if the businesses (the owner of production assets), the government and the society reach the agreement and share full responsibility for the renovation processes of the resource territory.

scholarly journals Analysis on Mechanism of Action of Reversed Transmission of the Pressure on Adjustment of the Structure of Coal Production and Consumption in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Shuang ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Tang Yanyan
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Government

The survival and development of coal industry had reached a point where its very existence was at stake in the context of overcapacity and haze siege. For solving the problems of over capacity of coal and realizing transformation of coal consumption structure, this paper discussed various mechanisms of action, which forced coal industry in China to trend toward de-capacity and coal consumption transformation and upgrade guided by marketing tools or government’s policies. The core innovation is to carry out the governance mechanism of environment pollution policy tools. The new part compared with previous work is finding that, different policy tools selection will cause different distribution effects and make the burdens of polluters consuming coal, victims and the society never stop. On the one hand it required the market mechanism of supply and demand to force de-capacity in coal industry in China and to change or even remodel operating rules in coal industry; on the other hand it made the polluters consuming coal undertake blowdown cost through the government or marketing tools so that the scientific regulation mechanism could play a decisive role in coal production and consumption.

Raw Materialism and Socioeconomic Change in the Coal Industry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Ciccantell ◽  
Paul K. Gellert
Keyword(s):  
Coal Industry ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
China And India ◽  
Historical Materialist ◽  
Produce Steel

In the midst of activist, citizen, and policymaker concerns about and advocacy for the end of coal as a fuel, this chapter takes a long-term historical-materialist perspective on energy and society relations. The historical evolution of coal commodity chains from mines in global peripheries to consumption in world-system cores through four periods of attempted and real hegemonic ascent (British, US, Japanese, and Chinese) are addressed. This analysis from the nineteenth century to 2015 demonstrates that generative sectors based on coal helped drive economic ascent in all four of these cases. Further, coal remains critical for aspiring powers, notably China and India, to produce steel and electricity. China’s and India’s combined coal consumption drove a near doubling of global hard coal production between 2000 and 2015, despite declining coal use in the OECD countries. The medium-term future of coal is therefore far from certain, despite environmental costs and concerns.

scholarly journals Perspectives for the Transportless Mining Technology in Siberia and Far East Coal Deposits

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 01021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Markov ◽  
Juraj Janočko ◽  
Maxim Tyulenev ◽  
Yaroslav Litvin
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Tyva Republic

In accordance with the long-term program for the coal industry development in Russia until 2030, the growth in the share of the Far East Federal District in the total coal production should be 2.5% compared to 2018. Production volumes in the Siberian Federal District to 2030 should reach 309.5 million tons. These numbers are planned to be achieved through the implementation of large-scale infrastructure projects for the development of new coal deposits with convenient mining and geological conditions, as well as the creation of new coal mining centres in Yakutia, Zabaykalsky region, Tyva Republic and other eastern regions of Russia. Taking into account the development of power generating facilities in Far East and Baikal region, coal consumption is planned to increase from 119 million tons in 2020 to 150 million tons per year in 2030. The realization of the planned indicators should be carried out taking into account the use of coal mining technologies that meet the mining and geological conditions of the deposits in this region. For a large number of coal fields in Eastern Siberia and Far East, transportless technology will be preferred.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF COAL MINING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наталья Алексеевна Бойко ◽  
Наталья Владимировна Ромашева
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Atmospheric Air

Представлена характеристика угольной отрасли России по таким направлениям как организационная структура, объем и регионы добычи, потребители угля. Выявлены положительные тенденции, определены проблемы в развитии угольной промышленности. Исследованы негативное воздействие угольного производство на такие компоненты окружающей среды, как атмосферный воздух, водные ресурсы, земная поверхность. The characteristic of the Russian coal industry in such areas as the organizational structure, volume and regions of production, coal consumers has been presented. Positive trends and problems in the development of the coal industry have been identified. The negative impact of coal production on environmental components such as atmospheric air, water, the earth’s surface has been investigated.

scholarly journals FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI YANG MEMPENGARUHI PETANI MENJUAL LAHAN PERKEBUNAN KOPI KE PERUSAHAAN TAMBANG BATUBARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Pipin Kesumariani ◽  
Suharno . ◽  
Meti Ekayani
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
The Government ◽  
Plantation Crops

Coffee is one of the main commodities of Indonesian plantation crops. During 2012-2016 South Sumatera Province is the largest coffee producer with a contribution 28.80%. Beside as coffee producer, South Sumatera Province has a coal mining potential as much as 38,5% from the national total supply (22.240,4 million ton). The development of coal industry causes coffee land conversion. The purpose of the study is to analyze the factors that determine the farmer’s decision to sell their cropland to coal mining investor. The research was conducted in Lahat Regency, South Sumatera Province on February-March 2018. The sampling method used simple random sampling, with a total sample of 52 respondents. The research showed that land aggregates, total farmer’s income, number of families and age of coffee plant significantly influence farmer’s decision. Land conversion is a natural phenomenon that could not be prevented, but it could be controlled with restricting the license of coal mining, space arrangement (RTRW) and provide incentives to farmers as a form of support from the Government.

scholarly journals Does Formalization of Informal Enterprises Matter? Evidence from Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-432
Author(s):  
Faustin Maniraguha
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Desk Research

In this decade, the formalization of informal sector is challenging as it provides jobs to the big number of the population and on the other hand, this group of active population work in conditions, which do not allow them to benefit some advantages from the government and these lead to not providing enough contribution to the economic growth. The main objective of the study was to find out the factors underlying for formalization of informal enterprises in Rwanda. In order to respond to the main objective, we used a desk research approach and we found that there is a necessity of enterprise formalization in Rwanda and the identified key factors are the enterprise motives/long term objectives, cash less economy/innovation in payment system and government policy for enterprise registration. The study also illustrated the factors or ways for private informal-rural enterprise formalization process may consider and some of them are affordable cost of taxation, accessibility to finance, accessibility to the markets as well as the time taken for getting legal documents. From the findings, the study recommend that the consistency capacity building so that to help managers to understand the necessity of informal sector formalization, government  to continue working on the minimization of  the costs related to the enterprise registration that include time, distance and other procedures and government also to continue enhancing infrastructures in rural zones. The study used secondary data both qualitative and quantitative from existing reports and data from National Institute of statistics of Rwanda.

scholarly journals Changing Landscape of the Coal Mining Industry in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mastalerz ◽  
Agnieszka Drobniak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Active Coal

Coal has long been a valuable natural resource in the United States throughout the country’s history.  European settlers began to use coal in the late 1740s and, as energy demands increased, coal production climbed from 9.3 million tons in 1850 to 750 million in 1918. Eventually coal replaced wood as the primary energy source, and by the 1940s coal provided up to 75 % of US energy. Bituminous coal was the first target of US coal mining. This changed between 1843 and 1868 when more anthracite began to be mined. Used in iron smelting, this cleaner and smokeless alternative became the preferred fuel in cities. However, limited anthracite resources could not fulfill increasing demand. Production of sub-bituminous coal began to slowly rise, and in 2010 it was greater than bituminous coal production. Until the 1950s, coal was primarily mined using underground methods. By the 1970s, however, the development of cheaper surface mining proved a viable alternative for the US coal industry. In the last 10 years, coal production in the United States has dropped 37 %, from about 1.1 billion to about 702 million tons in 2017, and the number of active coal mines has also declined. Coal consumption declined as a result of an increased supply of cheaper and cleaner natural gas, growth of renewable energy sources, and enforced environmental regulations. Coal provided close to 60 % of US electricity in the mid-1980s, but only about 30 % in 2017. While there were 606 coal-burning power plants in 2007, only 359 were operating in 2017, with the remainder closed because of aging infrastructure and stiffer environmental guidelines. Coal mining is an industry in transition as new technologies and policies continually reshape the energy landscape. With increased competition from other sources of energy and a steady decline in the number of coal-fired power plants, the coal industry needs innovations to continue.

Decarbonization of economy as a factor of influence on the development of coal industry of the world and Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 902-912
Author(s):  
L. S. Plakitkina ◽  
Yu. A. Plakitkin ◽  
K. I. D’yachenko
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Coking Coal ◽  
The World ◽  
Hydrogen Technologies

Decarbonization of economy, allowing to decrease so called carbon footprint – carbon dioxides emissions due to application energy sources with low carbon content, is one of effective measures to decrease greenhouse gas emissions into atmosphere. Most of countries of the world had ratified the Paris Agreement and confirmed intention to decarbonize economies. It was noted that still in 2020 many countries began to decrease coal consumption and use renewable energy sources for coal substitution for energy generation. Data on the world production of coking coal, export and import of it presented, as well as place of Russia at the world market of coking coal described. Influence of the modern climate “agenda“ in basic countries of the world on the development of coal mining shown. New standards of investment projects financing and their influence on restriction of mining and utilization of coal, considered. Also measures to decrease greenhouse emissions at the production of ferrous metallurgy products, including introduction by EC countries of carbon tariff – European border carbon tax considered. It was highlighted that application of the transborder carbon tax, hydrogen technologies and announced decarbonization can become instruments of effective impact resulting in considerable decrease of market of both energy and coking coals. In the Center of study of coal industry of the world and Russia of the Institute of energy studies two variants of forecasting of world mining of coal elaborated, taking into account existing tendency of transfer to “green” metallurgy and application of hydrogen technologies instead of coke. Due to the first variant a further expanding of steel industry capacities is provided for production of metal with stabilization by 2035 of coking coal mining at the level of 1470 million tons. Beyond the period, the world mining of coking coal most probably will slightly decrease by 2036–2040 down to 1390 million tons. According to the second variant, a decrease of coking coal consumption will take place due to decrease of steel production volumes and due to the transfer to metallurgy decarbonization, implementation of “green” energetics and hydrogen technologies. This variant is characterized by systemic decrease of coking coal mining by 2036–2040 down to 580 million tons.

Scientific and Technological Basis for the Production of Fuel Briquettes from Coal Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
T.V. Shevchenko ◽  
Yu.V. Ustinova ◽  
A.M. Popov ◽  
Sh.A. Fairushin ◽  
Ya.A. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Selection Of

The long-term work experience of domestic specialists in the formation of coal fuel briquettes from carbon-containing waste of coal mining and coal benefication was generalized. Scientific approaches to the selection of coal materials, binding systems and special technological additives for the production of high-quality briquettes with various properties were presented. Organizational methods of solving this complicated ecological problem of the coal industry were formulated.

scholarly journals De-Capacity Policy Effect on China’s Coal Industry

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuguang Hao ◽  
Mei Song ◽  
Yunan Feng ◽  
Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Policy Effect ◽  
The Government

Overcapacity in China’s coal industry has serious negative impacts on the rational allocation of coal resources and stable operation of the national economy. Since 2016, the Chinese government has implemented a series of de-capacity policies to optimise coal production capacity. Timely policy effect assessment is of great significance to the government to guide high-quality development of the coal industry. This paper first reviews the dilemma encountered by China’s coal industry prior to 2016, and then analyses the progress and effect of coal industry de-capacity. The main results are as follows: (1) The capacity reduction is mainly distributed in the central and southwestern regions. Most of the coal mines are state-owned, and there is a prominent worker resettlement problem. (2) The capacity optimisation policy has accelerated the implementation of the overall spatial planning of China’s coal supply. China’s coal production centre has shifted from the central and eastern regions to the west, and the industry’s high-quality development pattern has taken shape. (3) China’s coal industrial profitability has constantly been improving, industry concentration has increased significantly, and coal mining has become safer. (4) Due to the regional heterogeneity, the de-capacity policy effect has significant differences in coal production capacity and employee reduction in various regions. Finally, regarding the optimisation of China’s coal production capacity, some policy implications are given.

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