scholarly journals Enhancing Indigenous health research capacity in northern Ontario through distributed community engaged medical education at NOSM: A qualitative evaluation of the community engagement through research pilot program

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Maar ◽  
Lisa Boesch ◽  
Sheldon Tobe
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social

Background: The Community Engagement Through Research (CETR) program matches Indigenous communities interested in exploring their own health research questions with NOSM learners seeking experience in health services research, supervised by faculty experienced in community-based participatory research.Methods: Qualitative research was conducted using key informant interviews to examine outcomes of the matching of medical students with Indigenous distributed medical education (DME) communities in NOSM’s distributed curriculum, in particular improvements for capacity for Indigenous health research in Northern Ontario.Results: Interviews showed that community-centred research was appreciated by community, students and faculty and the social accountability aspect was acknowledged.  Students and community members found meaning in the immediate applicability of the research to real community problems and felt inspired by it. The challenges that were identified were mainly related to time and resource constraints, including providing sufficient research training for learners, and the time period required for research ethics board approvals.  Conclusions: The program successfully brought together communities interested in conducting their own health research, with medical students interested in learning about and conducting health research with Indigenous communities. It is therefore an example of successful community based participatory research supporting the social accountability mandate. Challenges are mainly administrative in nature. The program has the potential to be scalable and financially sustainable. 

scholarly journals Social Accountability of Medical Schools and Social Representations of Medical Students in the Context of the More Doctors Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 462-472
Author(s):  
Felipe Proenço de Oliveira ◽  
Leonor Maria Pacheco Santos ◽  
Helena Eri Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
National Level ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACT Several debates, in the national and international context, have suggested the need for changes in medical education, so that it is in line with the organization of health systems. From this perspective, it is proposed that schools be guided by social accountability, which consists of ordering teaching, research and activities in service to meet health needs with a focus on areas that are difficult to reach. A more recent reference in medical education at the national level was the More Doctors Program, which provided for a new regulatory framework for medical education. It is evaluated that the modifications introduced by the Program can influence the elaboration of new social representations of medical students. Through the theory of social representations, a qualitative study was carried out to analyze the perception about the social accountability of the medical schools of 149 medical students, of the seventh semester of four courses of Federal Higher Education Institutions in the Northeast Region. Two of the courses are in the interior and were created by virtue of the More Doctors Program and another two correspond to courses in the state capital existing for more than 60 years. From the curriculum analysis of each course, they were termed “traditional” or “new”. In the results, it was observed that the students of the different courses resemble each other in terms of admission by quotas, but students of “new” courses have a greater entrance under affirmative action policies, including regional access criteria. Both groups of students have emphasized the term “duty” as a priority, which may refer to a more individual scope of the notion of accountability. The terms “citizenship” and “ethics” were also highlighted in both groups. Only for students in “new” schools were terms such as “commitment”, “justice” and “SUS” cited. This insight suggests a broader notion of social accountability in school students created under the More Doctors Program, despite insufficient national literature on this topic. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of the Program in the implantation of medical schools in regions that did not previously have this training. It also reinforces the relevance of the dedication of the teachers who implemented the courses in the interior of the Northeast, demonstrating the need to deepen in the themes that involve teacher development. It is suggested that there is a need to broaden the analysis of experiences such as these, so that they can be explored with the radicalism necessary to strengthen the Unified Health System.

scholarly journals Community engagement approaches for Indigenous health research: recommendations based on an integrative review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e039736
Author(s):  
Chu Yang Lin ◽  
Adalberto Loyola-Sanchez ◽  
Elaine Boyling ◽  
Cheryl Barnabe
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Recommendations

ObjectiveCommunity engagement practices in Indigenous health research are promoted as a means of decolonising research, but there is no comprehensive synthesis of approaches in the literature. Our aim was to assemble and qualitatively synthesise a comprehensive list of actionable recommendations to enhance community engagement practices with Indigenous peoples in Canada, the USA, Australia and New Zealand.DesignIntegrative review of the literature in medical (Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Embase) and Google and WHO databases (search cut-off date 21 July 2020).Article selectionStudies that contained details regarding Indigenous community engagement frameworks, principles or practices in the field of health were included, with exclusion of non-English publications. Two reviewers independently screened the articles in duplicate and reviewed full-text articles.AnalysisRecommendations for community engagement approaches were extracted and thematically synthesised through content analysis.ResultsA total of 63 studies were included in the review, with 1345 individual recommendations extracted. These were synthesised into a list of 37 recommendations for community engagement approaches in Indigenous health research, categorised by stage of research. In addition, activities applicable to all phases of research were identified: partnership and trust building and active reflection.ConclusionsWe provide a comprehensive list of recommendations for Indigenous community engagement approaches in health research. A limitation of this review is that it may not address all aspects applicable to specific Indigenous community settings and contexts. We encourage anyone who does research with Indigenous communities to reflect on their practices, encouraging changes in research processes that are strengths based.

scholarly journals Are we walking the talk of participatory Indigenous health research? A scoping review of the literature in Atlantic Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255265
Author(s):  
Kathleen Murphy ◽  
Karina Branje ◽  
Tara White ◽  
Ashlee Cunsolo ◽  
Margot Latimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Canada Data

Introduction Participatory research involving community engagement is considered the gold standard in Indigenous health research. However, it is sometimes unclear whether and how Indigenous communities are engaged in research that impacts them, and whether and how engagement is reported. Indigenous health research varies in its degree of community engagement from minimal involvement to being community-directed and led. Research led and directed by Indigenous communities can support reconciliation and reclamation in Canada and globally, however clearer reporting and understandings of community-led research is needed. This scoping review assesses (a) how and to what extent researchers are reporting community engagement in Indigenous health research in Atlantic Canada, and (b) what recommendations exist in the literature regarding participatory and community-led research. Methods Eleven databases were searched using keywords for Indigeneity, geographic regions, health, and Indigenous communities in Atlantic Canada between 2001-June 2020. Records were independently screened by two reviewers and were included if they were: peer-reviewed; written in English; health-related; and focused on Atlantic Canada. Data were extracted using a piloted data charting form, and a descriptive and thematic analysis was performed. 211 articles were retained for inclusion. Results Few empirical articles reported community engagement in all aspects of the research process. Most described incorporating community engagement at the project’s onset and/or during data collection; only a few articles explicitly identified as entirely community-directed or led. Results revealed a gap in reported capacity-building for both Indigenous communities and researchers, necessary for holistic community engagement. Also revealed was the need for funding bodies, ethics boards, and peer review processes to better facilitate participatory and community-led Indigenous health research. Conclusion As Indigenous communities continue reclaiming sovereignty over identities and territories, participatory research must involve substantive, agreed-upon involvement of Indigenous communities, with community-directed and led research as the ultimate goal.

scholarly journals Responsabilidade Social das Escolas Médicas e Representações Sociais dos Estudantes de Medicina no Contexto do Programa Mais Médicos

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 462-472
Author(s):  
Felipe Proenço de Oliveira ◽  
Leonor Maria Pacheco Santos ◽  
Helena Eri Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
National Level ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACT Several debates, in the national and international context, have suggested the need for changes in medical education, so that it is in line with the organization of health systems. From this perspective, it is proposed that schools be guided by social accountability, which consists of ordering teaching, research and activities in service to meet health needs with a focus on areas that are difficult to reach. A more recent reference in medical education at the national level was the More Doctors Program, which provided for a new regulatory framework for medical education. It is evaluated that the modifications introduced by the Program can influence the elaboration of new social representations of medical students. Through the theory of social representations, a qualitative study was carried out to analyze the perception about the social accountability of the medical schools of 149 medical students, of the seventh semester of four courses of Federal Higher Education Institutions in the Northeast Region. Two of the courses are in the interior and were created by virtue of the More Doctors Program and another two correspond to courses in the state capital existing for more than 60 years. From the curriculum analysis of each course, they were termed “traditional” or “new”. In the results, it was observed that the students of the different courses resemble each other in terms of admission by quotas, but students of “new” courses have a greater entrance under affirmative action policies, including regional access criteria. Both groups of students have emphasized the term “duty” as a priority, which may refer to a more individual scope of the notion of accountability. The terms “citizenship” and “ethics” were also highlighted in both groups. Only for students in “new” schools were terms such as “commitment”, “justice” and “SUS” cited. This insight suggests a broader notion of social accountability in school students created under the More Doctors Program, despite insufficient national literature on this topic. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of the Program in the implantation of medical schools in regions that did not previously have this training. It also reinforces the relevance of the dedication of the teachers who implemented the courses in the interior of the Northeast, demonstrating the need to deepen in the themes that involve teacher development. It is suggested that there is a need to broaden the analysis of experiences such as these, so that they can be explored with the radicalism necessary to strengthen the Unified Health System.

scholarly journals Community Engagement Approaches for Indigenous Health Research: an Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu Yang Lin ◽  
Adalberto Loyola-Sanchez ◽  
Elaine Boyling ◽  
Cheryl Barnabe
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Cutoff Date

Abstract Background Community engagement practices in Indigenous Health research are promoted as a means of decolonizing research, but there is no comprehensive synthesis of approaches in the literature. Our aim was to assemble and qualitatively synthesize a comprehensive list of actionable recommendations to enhance community engagement practices with Indigenous Peoples.MethodsWe performed an integrative review of literature in medical (Medline, CINAHL and Embase), as well as Google and World Health Organization databases (search cutoff date November 17, 2018). Studies that contained details regarding Indigenous community engagement frameworks, principles or practices in the field of health were included, with exclusion of non-English publications. Two reviewers independently screened the articles in duplicate and reviewed full text articles. Recommendations for community engagement approaches were extracted and thematically synthesized through content analysis.Results A total of 52 studies were included in the review, with 1268 individual recommendations extracted. These were synthesized into a list of 37 recommendations for community engagement approaches in Indigenous health research, categorized by stage of research. In addition, activities applicable to all phases of research were identified: partnership and trust building, and active reflection.Conclusions We provide a comprehensive list of recommendations for Indigenous community engagement approaches in health research. A limitation of this review is that it may not address all aspects applicable to specific Indigenous community settings and contexts. We encourage anyone who does research with Indigenous communities to reflect upon their practices, encouraging changes in research processes that are strengths-based.

scholarly journals The Path of Creating Co-Researchers in the File Hills Qu'Appelle Tribal Council

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Dieter ◽  
Lauren T McKim ◽  
Jenna Tickell ◽  
Carrie A Bourassa ◽  
Jaime Lavallee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Research ◽  
Dementia Research

Currently, there is a need for implementing ethical, culturally safe practices when engaging in research with Indigenous communities. As a result, best practices in culturally-safe Indigenous health research have been created to mitigate the existing barriers in health and health research stemming from Canada’s colonial history. This article includes a brief examination of those best practices, including community-based participatory research, OCAP® principles, knowledge translation, and positioning communities as co-researchers. Furthermore, it provides an overview of a community-based research project that examines community members’ knowledge of and experiences with dementia. The central themes that emerged during this project are also discussed, reaffirming the need for a culturally safe dementia research model in Indigenous communities.

scholarly journals If We Show Them Will They Come? Attitudes of Native American Youth Towards Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Emmerentine Oliphant ◽  
Sharon B. Templeman
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Native Community ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Native Canadian ◽  
Indigenous Ways Of Knowing

Indigenous health research should reflect the needs and benefits of the participants and their community as well as academic and practitioner interests. The research relationship can be viewed as co-constructed by researchers, participants, and communities, but this nature often goes unrecognized because it is confined by the limits of Western epistemology. Dominant Western knowledge systems assume an objective reality or truth that does not support multiple or subjective realities, especially knowledge in which culture or context is important, such as in Indigenous ways of knowing. Alternatives and critiques of the current academic system of research could come from Native conceptualizations and philosophies, such as Indigenous ways of knowing and Indigenous protocols, which are increasingly becoming more prominent both Native and non-Native societies. This paper contains a narrative account by an Indigenous researcher of her personal experience of the significant events of her doctoral research, which examined the narratives of Native Canadian counselors’ understanding of traditional and contemporary mental health and healing. As a result of this narrative, it is understood that research with Indigenous communities requires a different paradigm than has been historically offered by academic researchers. Research methodologies employed in Native contexts must come from Indigenous values and philosophies for a number of important reasons and with consequences that impact both the practice of research itself and the general validity of research results. In conclusion, Indigenous ways of knowing can form a new basis for understanding contemporary health research with Indigenous peoples and contribute to the evolution of Indigenous academics and research methodologies in both Western academic and Native community contexts.

scholarly journals Aiming for Sustainability and Scalability: Community Engagement in Forest Payment Schemes

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Laura F. Kowler ◽  
Arun Kumar Pratihast ◽  
Alonso Pérez Ojeda del Arco ◽  
Anne M. Larson ◽  
Christelle Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Monitoring ◽  
Payment Schemes

Community-based forest monitoring is seen as a way both to improve community engagement and participation in national environmental payment schemes and climate mitigation priorities and to implement reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and foster conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). There is a strong assumption among community-based monitoring advocates that community monitoring is a desirable approach. However, it is unclear why community members would want to participate in their own surveillance or be involved in a program likely to limit livelihood uses of forest areas and possibly even sanction them based on the data provided. This paper explores these issues by examining three communities involved in Peru’s Conditional Direct Transfer Program, in which indigenous communities are compensated for protecting communal forests through various mechanisms, including forest monitoring. The case studies focus specifically on communities that received smartphones and were trained in their use for monitoring. The results affirm the importance that benefits outweigh the costs of local participation to sustain motivation. They also point to key factors supporting the legitimacy of the program, specifically to overcome historical tensions between the state and indigenous communities. These include the nature of engagement by program implementers and the importance of building trust over time.

Are insights from Indigenous health shaping a paradigm shift in health promotion praxis in Australia?

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Crouch ◽  
Patricia Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Future Health ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Funding Cuts ◽  
Policy Shifts

Health promotion really is at a cross-road. Traditionally guided by the Ottawa Charter, it has been thought of as principle-guided actions, processes and technique, as well as outcomes or results. Health promotion has been characterised by its products and some even call it theory. In Australia, public funding for health promotion has, for many years, shaped its practice into behaviour change interventions. However, governments around the country are reconsidering their investments, evidenced by ideologically motivated policy shifts and associated substantial funding cuts. Recently, themes of empowerment, community control and community agency have emerged as new directions for future health promotion praxis and reports of activism-based approaches that seek to mobilise community energies around sexual health inequity have started to appear in the literature. Noting parallel developments in the social determinants and social change discourses, this paper posits that cutting edge health promotion efforts by Indigenous communities in Australia are shaping a new approach with potentially global application.

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