scholarly journals 3 In 1 Disc Ridger: Development of An Improved Implement For Sweet Potato Plant-Bed Making, Fertilizing and Mechanical Weeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuar B. Abdullah ◽  
Nurul Afza K ◽  
Md. Akhir H ◽  
Shahmihaizan M J ◽  
Mohd Fazly Mail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Application Performance ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
The Cost

Mechanization has been the solution to counter issue such as labor shortage and low production rate on field in the agricultural sector. Adaptation of mechanization system  could lower the cost of production, improve quality and also reduce the tedious work of labor. Current practice, which contributes to high cost in labor since the job requires a lot of man power. MARDI has developed a complete machinery package for sweet potato production from land preparation until harvesting. One of the important activities that require an implementation of machinery aspect is ridge forming. This activity is essential due to the height of the ridge influences the yield. It is believed that the higher the ridge will contribute, to more aeration and thus, produce higher yields. In this manuscript, the authors report on the development and evaluation of the disc ridger. It is believed that this implement is capable to be used as ridge forming as well as inter-row cultivator. This tractor-mounted implement was designed with two units of high quality steel discs which is attached to the frame with disc diameter and thickness of 720 mm and 6 mm  respectively. This disc ridger is able to form either a single row or double row planting ridges to suit with the desired planting system for sweet potato. This is due to the location of the discs at the frame which is adjustable. Furthermore, this implement also can be employed as an inter-row cultivator for weeding control of sweet potato planting in the early stages. In addition, this implement also equipped with granular based fertilizer applicator in which 2 application can be performed together which are weeding and fertilizing. The recorded field capacity of this machine is 0.29 ha/hr for bed forming and 0.28 ha/hr for inter-row weeding and fertilizing. In terms of fertilizer application performance, the average amount of fertilizer to be withdrawn for 50m bed is 1.53kg or 7.65g/plant, which is complied to the agronomist recommendation.

scholarly journals Analisis Pendapatan Petani Ubi Alabio (Dioscorea alata) Di Desa Nelayan Kecamatan Sungai Tabukan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Mahdalena Mahdalena
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
The Cost

       Agricultural development is aimed at increasing farmers' income and the role of agriculture in overall national development. Among the economic sectors, agriculture must remain the cornerstone of the development of the Hulu Sungai Utara district. The potential of the agricultural sector in Hulu Sungai Utara district includes rice and beans, corn, peanuts, sweet potatoes or sweet potato alabio which are more dominant. The objectives of this study were: (i) to find out the cost and acceptance of the alabio yam farmers for one farm, (ii) to find out how the alabio sweet potato contributes to farmers' income during one farm, (iii) to know the problems faced by farmers. This research has been carried out in the Tabukan Sub-District Fishermen Village, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, from April to May 2009. While the data collection method is a direct interview method with farmers who are assisted by sample respondents using a questionnaire. At the alabio cassava farm in Desa Nelayan the average cost is Rp. 343,702.8, - / farming. The average income earned is Rp 2,439,036, 11, - and the average income is Rp 2,095,333.3, with an average contribution of 17.6%. Alabio yam farming in Desa Nelayan is a side activity, traditionally cultivated with a small scale of work. The selling price of the alabio perilogram in Nelayan Village ranges from Rp. 4,000 to Rp. 7,000.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Power Weeder in Sugarcane Crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
S. Sai Mohan ◽  
G. Sanjana ◽  
D. Avinash ◽  
M. Rohitha ◽  
D. Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Plant Damage ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Unskilled Labour ◽  
Damage Field ◽  
The Cost

Weeding is an important and labour intensive agricultural operation and about 1/3rd of the cost of cultivation is accounted towards weed control operation alone. Any delay and negligence in weeding operation effects the crop yields up to 30-40%. Today the agricultural sector requires non-chemical weed control that safeguards consumers demand for high quality food products and pay special attention to food safety. The objectives of the study was to evaluate the performance of power weeder by evaluating the energy consumption and cost economics of power weeder in sugarcane crop. The evaluation was conducted at soil different moisture contents at 30,45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) at different speeds of weeder. The bulk density decreased from 0.84 to 0.65 g cm-3 with increased soil moisture content from 7±1 to 12±1 per cent. The field capacity of power weeder varied from 0.0347 to 0.137 ha h-1 when operated with 3 forward speeds at 30, 45 and 60 DAS. The weeding efficiency of power weeder is in the range of 98.74 to 91.22% at 0.584 km h-1, 96.80 to 84.93% at 1.35 km h-1 and 94.67 to 73.72% at 4.153 km h-1. The minimum and maximum plant damage is observed at a forward speeds of 0.584 km h-1 and 4.153 km h-1. When operated at lower speeds the plant damage will be minimum whereas operating at high speeds will result in maximum plant damage. Field machine index of the weeder is observed as 0.83, 0.82 and 0.864 for 30, 45 and 60 DAS. The cost of weeding per hectare is calculated as Rs.3,878 ha-1 and Rs.8000 ha-1 for mechanical and traditional weeding, respectively. It can be started and operated by farmer or any unskilled labour with ease. Also working with power weeder in between the rows is easy with a very less maintenance cost.

scholarly journals Fertilizer market in Russia: state and direction of development

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-384
Author(s):  
V. M. Kruchinina ◽  
S. M. Ryzhkova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Cost

Fertilizers are used all over the world to maintain the sustainability of the agricultural sector and food security. A balanced application of fertilizers increases crop yields, while increasing the amount of food and enriching the soil with essential nutrients. Russia is one of the leading producers of fertilizers, which is due to sufficient natural reserves. The study of the domestic fertilizer market, its state and prospects are considered in the aggregate of the production base, logistics and marketing features, the ways of further development are outlined using such scientific methods as: observation, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and comparison, monographic. The global fertilizer market is highly competitive. Russia not only occupies a strong position in it, but also provides domestic demand. But the level of fertilizer application in Russia is lower than in developed countries, which suggests an increase in the need for fertilizers in the future. Therefore, the further expansion of the domestic market is associated with the development of the material and technical base of agricultural producers, who need not only funds for the purchase of fertilizers, but also equipment for their application. To stimulate domestic demand, it is necessary to encourage private investment in every possible way, to use public-private and public-cooperative partnerships in creating the infrastructure of the fertilizer market; expand the range of fertilizers at the expense of the brand range, attract small agricultural producers, peasant (farmer) farms and households to the market. It is necessary to create conditions for the organization of cooperatives to supply small farms with fertilizers, which will reduce the cost of purchasing them and will contribute to increasing production and increasing the availability of food products, and thus achieve the goal of the agricultural sector in the context of broader macroeconomic objectives of society – improving the quality of life of the population.

scholarly journals Study on Profitability Using Modern Inputs against Traditional for Potato Production at Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
N Tabassum ◽  
NAME Kabir ◽  
S Akter ◽  
M Saha
Keyword(s):  
Potato Production ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Piedmont Plain ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Unit Yield ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

The study on Economics Faculty in using modern inputs against traditional inputs and practices for potato production were conducted in the different agro-ecological zones and agro-climatic locations of Bangladesh during 2011-2012. The aim of the study was how to enrich the knowledge of farmers and traders by the use of modern inputs (fertilizers, green pesticides and micronutrients) for potato production and management technologies. A total number of 150 farmers were randomly selected from Rangpur, Thakurgaon, and Comilla regions under agro-ecological zones of Tista Meander Floodplain, Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain and Middle Meghna River Floodplain respectively. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to measure the effect of various factors on potato production. The factors of production considered in this study were land preparation, labor cost, seed, fertilizer, pesticides, irrigation and land use cost. The cost was comparatively low in modern practices than higher in traditional practices as it was mainly due to adoption of recommended technology, appropriate dose and time in case of modern inputs and practices whereas non-recommended technology, higher dose of inputs adopted in traditional practices. The out-put in-terms of per unit yield was found 26 t ha-1 in modern practices but 24 t ha-1 in traditional practices. The net profit was significantly higher in modern practices than traditional practices; the net profit in modern practices was found at Rangpur Tk 98,079, Thakurgaon Tk 72, 741 and Comilla Tk 46, 950. It transpires from the study that the farmers would be economically benefitted if they use modern inputs; adopt technologies and practices in terms of using quality seed of improved varieties at recommended dose and time of use of fertilizers and pesticides, timely application of irrigation and appropriate crop management including weeding and other practices.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 83-87 2015

scholarly journals Direct Seeded Rice: An Emerging Resource Saving Production Technology of Rice in Bhagalpur District (Bihar)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. K. Mauriya ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
R. N. Singh ◽  
R. K. Sohane
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was carried out at the farmer fields during Kharif season (2015-16 to 2017-18) in seven villages of four blocks of district Bhagalpur, Bihar. All 54 demonstrations on rice crop were demonstrated in 29 ha area by the active participation of farmers with the objective to show and popularize the improved technologies of rice production (Direct Seeded Rice-DSR) potential developed at Bihar Agricultural University Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar). Specifically it examines the changes in farmers’ inputs (labour and materials) and level of productivity and incomes between direct-seeded rice (DSR) and traditionally transplanted rice (TPR) and finally measures the economic return on investment in direct seeding. Analyses included comparison of means of all inputs, cost and return and economic surplus framework. Results revealed that the average yield of all farmers under DSR was 2.60% lower than TPR. However, on comparing the  cost of cultivation of DSR farmers with TPR farmers, it was observed that the DSR farmer had (a) higher expenditures on herbicides; (b) lower expenses on fertilizer, fuel, and rent cost for land preparation and (c) lower labour costs for seedbed preparation and care, crop establishment and fertilizer application. In this way the sum of the total cost of cultivation in DSR was reduced by Rs. 8941 /ha than TPR. DSR also recorded the maximum net return (Rs. 42857/ha) and benefit: Cost ratio (2.95). On the basis of above findings it may be concluded that the DSR method of rice cultivation is more economical than TPR as it reduced the cost of cultivation by  37.9% and gave maximum net return as well as benefit cost ratio.

scholarly journals Adoption of Improved Sweet Potato Production Technologies among Small-scale Farmers in South East, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
M. N. Okeke ◽  
E. N. Mbah ◽  
M. C. Madukwe ◽  
H. U. Nwalieji
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Training Programmes

The study was carried out to determine adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies among small-scale farmers in South East, Nigeria. Data were collected from a sample of 100 respondents using questionnaire. Percentage, mean score and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results showed that majority (64.0%) of the respondents were male, married (85.0%) with a mean age of 55 years, having 81.0% of the respondents with a farming experience of 10-19 years. A greater percentage of the sweet potato producers sourced information on time of planting (55.0%), planting spacing (46.0%) and weeding (37.0%) from research institute while 36.0% sourced information on fertilizer application from fellow farmers. Adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies by producers in the study area included use of improved varieties (79%), planting spacing/distance used (81%), vine cutting (81%), fertilizer application (400 kg/ha, NPK 15:15:15) (91%), pest control (66%), harvesting (77%) and storage method (51%). The study recommended the need for awareness campaign by extension agents, public health agencies, nutritionists and non-governmental organizations on the availability of these sweet potato varieties that produce high yields for better returns. Efforts of government and non-governmental organizations are needed in encouraging sweet potato producers to adopt improved technologies through conduct of practical oriented training programmes, provision of suitable and necessary incentives and technologies in order to increase production and income.

Design and development of manually operated gladiolus planter

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
TAPAN K. KHURA ◽  
H. L. KUSHWAHA ◽  
SATISH D LANDE ◽  
PKSAHOO . ◽  
INDRA L . KUSHWAHA
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Maximum Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Of Uniformity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Immense Potential

Floriculture is an age-old farming activity in India having immense potential for generating selfemployment and income to farmers. However, the cost of cultivation of flower is high as compared to cereal crop. Level of mechanization for different field operations is one but foremost reason for the higher cost of cultivation. As most of the Indian farmers are marginal and small, a need for manually operated gladiolus planter was felt. The geometric properties of gladiolus corm were determined for designing the seed metering system and seed hopper of the planter. The planter was evaluated in the field when pulled by two persons as a power source and guided by a person. The coefficient of variation and highest deviation from the mean spacing was observed as 12.93% and 2.65cm respectively. The maximum coefficient of uniformity of 90.59% was observed for a nominal corm spacing of 15cm at 0.56 kmh-1 forward speed. An average MISS percentage was observed as 2.65 and 2.25 for nominal corm spacing of 15 and 20 cm. The multiple index was zero for two levels corm spacing and forward speed of operation. The QFI was found in the range of 97.2 and 97.9 percent. The average field capacity of the planter was observed as 0.02 hah-1.The average draft requirement of the planter was found as 821 ± 50.3 N.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Seedling Grow-Out Experiments Do Not Support Seed Transmission of Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus in Sweet Potato

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Andreason ◽  
Omotola G. Olaniyi ◽  
Andrea C. Gilliard ◽  
Phillip A. Wadl ◽  
Livy H. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Vector Transmission ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Seed Coats ◽  
Potato Seedlings ◽  
Leaf Curl

Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) threatens global sweet potato production. SPLCV is transmitted by Bemisia tabaci or via infected vegetative planting materials; however, SPLCV was suggested to be seed transmissible, which is a characteristic that is disputed for geminiviruses. The objective of this study was to revisit the validity of seed transmission of SPLCV in sweet potato. Using large-scale grow-out of sweet potato seedlings from SPLCV-contaminated seeds over 4 consecutive years, approximately 23,034 sweet potato seedlings of 118 genotype entries were evaluated. All seedlings germinating in a greenhouse under insect-proof conditions or in a growth chamber were free of SPLCV; however, a few seedlings grown in an open bench greenhouse lacking insect exclusion tested positive for SPLCV. Inspection of these seedlings revealed that B. tabaci had infiltrated the greenhouse. Therefore, transmission experiments were conducted using B. tabaci MEAM1, demonstrating successful vector transmission of SPLCV to sweet potato. Additionally, tests on contaminated seed coats and germinating cotyledons demonstrated that SPLCV contaminated a high percentage of seed coats collected from infected maternal plants, but SPLCV was never detected in emerging cotyledons. Based on the results of grow-out experiments, seed coat and cotyledon tests, and vector transmission experiments, we conclude that SPLCV is not seed transmitted in sweet potato.

Development of Three Row Self-Propelled Zero till Direct Seeded Rice Planter Cum Fertilizer Applicator

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Rashmi Anil Bangale
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Depth Control ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Field Efficiency

The agricultural operational holding in India is about 1.15 ha and 85.01 per cent belongs to marginal holdings (below 2 ha). This data shows an economic condition of the Indian farmer, which doesn’t allow him to adopt advanced agricultural machineries. Considering the situation of Indian farmer, we developed a prototype of three row self-propelled zero till direct seeded rice planter cum fertilizer applicator. This machine helps to plant a dry rice seed along with the fertilizer application with zero tillage condition. The machine includes inclined plate metering mechanism for seed; cup feed metering mechanism for fertilizer, seed cum fertilizer hopper, ground wheel, depth control wheels, inverted T furrow openers, 5 hp engine as a prime mover, power transmission system, adjustable handle, lever and rigid main frame to support all the parts and drive wheels. Machine is divided into two parts viz., prime mover part and planter cum fertilizer applicator part. Both parts can be separated from each other. The machine places the rice seed up to average depth of 25-40 mm and spacing between hills is observed to be 130-160 mm along with an average 20 cm of row spacing. The average field capacity at an average speed of 2.3 km.h-1 is observed to be 0.115 ha.h-1 for operating rice seeds. The field efficiency is observed to be 86.9 per cent. The operational cost is observed to be around 69.28 per cent less than the manual planting of rice seedling and also the man hour’s requirement is very less than the manual planting.

Commercial Banks Credit and the Performance of Real Sector in Nigeria: 1990-2017

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
The Real ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
The Cost

The study examined the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on commercial banks credit and the performance of real sector in Nigeria. The main objective of the study is to examine the effect of commercial banks credit on the performance of the real sector in Nigeria.Data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. A systematization literary approach for data analysis was Regression Analysis. Findings revealed that bank credit and bank lending rate does not have significant impact on real sector performance in Nigeria. It was showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between agricultural credit guarantee scheme fund and agricultural production in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that banks should be directed to channel their credits towards the real sector to facilitate overall economic growth and development in Nigeria. It was recommended that there is the need policies that will favor the revamp of the agricultural sector in Nigeria should be given pride of place. Also, monetary authority through the Central Bank of Nigeria should create adequate policies and strategies towards deepening of the financial sector and reducing the cost of credit/loans so as to enhance productivity and consequently enhance the growth of the key sectors of economy such as manufacturing sector.

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