scholarly journals Practically Realizable Circuits for OTRA and their Implementation in Oscillators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawna Aggarwal ◽  
◽  
Rachit Bansal ◽  
Palak Agarwal ◽  
Shweta Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Current Conveyors ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Oscillator Circuit ◽  
Operational Transresistance Amplifier ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Current Voltage

In this paper, practical circuits for operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) realizable in lab using commercial ICs have been designed and proposed. 3 structures based on operational amplifier (OPAMP-LM741), operational transconductance amplifier (OTA-CA3080) and current conveyors II (AD844) have been proposed. In these proposed designs, conditions to mimic the current-voltage behavior of OTRA have been formulated using active and passive components. Moreover, these components are also used to achieve flexibility in transresistance gain of implemented OTRA. The behavior of the proposed OTRA structures have been validated using LTSPICE. Furthermore, to represent practical usability of these designs oscillator circuit have been designed and implemented on software and experimentally also on bread board. All the results prove the OTRA operation of the designed circuits and their usability in the practical environment.

Operational Transconductance Amplifier-Based Electronically Controllable Memcapacitor and Meminductor Emulators

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150222
Author(s):  
Eyyup demir ◽  
Abdullah Yesil ◽  
Yunus Babacan ◽  
Tevhit Karacali
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Order ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Mos Transistor ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Layout Area ◽  
Electronically Controllable

In this paper, two simple circuits are presented to emulate both memcapacitor and meminductor circuit elements. The emulation of these components has crucial importance since obtaining these high-order elements from markets is difficult when compared to resistor, capacitor and inductor. For this reason, we proposed Multi-Output Operational Transconductance Amplifier (MO-OTA)-based electronically controllable memcapacitor and meminductor circuits. To operate the MOS transistor as a capacitor, drain and source terminals are connected to each other. The memcapacitor behavior is obtained by driving the connected terminals with suitable voltage values. Only a few active and grounded passive components which are found in markets easily are used to emulate meminductive behavior. Furthermore, all passive elements in the circuit are grounded. All simulation results for memcapacitor and meminductor emulators are obtained successfully when compared to previous studies. For all analyses, MO-OTA is laid using the Cadence Spectre Analog Environment with TSMC 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m process parameters and occupied a layout area of only 86.21[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m.

A Novel Floating/Grounded Meminductor Emulator

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 2050247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Sozen ◽  
Ugur Cam
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Current Conveyors ◽  
Current Feedback ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Pinched Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Terminal Element ◽  
Current Feedback Operational Amplifier ◽  
Pinched Hysteresis

Meminductor is a nonlinear two-terminal element with storage energy and memory ability. To date, meminductor element is not available commercially as memristor and memcapacitor are. Therefore, it is of great significance to implement a meminductor emulator for breadboard experiment. In this paper, a flux-controlled floating/grounded meminductor emulator without a memristor is presented. It is built with commercially available off-the-shelf electronic devices. It consists of single operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), single multiplier, two second-generation current conveyors (CCIIs), single current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) and single operational amplifier. Using OTA device introduces an additional control parameter besides frequency and amplitude values of applied voltage to control the area of pinched hysteresis loop of meminductor. Mathematical model of proposed emulator circuit is given to describe the behavior of meminductor circuit. The breadboard experiment is performed using CA3080, AD844, AD633J and LM741 for OTA, CCII–CFOA, multiplier and operational amplifier, respectively. Simulation and experimental test results are given to verify the theoretical analyses. Frequency-dependent pinched hysteresis loop is maintained up to 5 kHz. The presented meminductor emulator tends to work as ordinary inductor for higher frequencies.

TUNABLE WAVEFORM GENERATORS USING SINGLE DUAL-CURRENT OUTPUT OTAs

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 1193-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU-KANG LO ◽  
HUNG-CHUN CHIEN ◽  
HUANG-JEN CHIU
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Pulse Waveform ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Switching Element ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

Two novel electronic-tunable waveform generators using a single dual-current output operational transconductance amplifier (DO-OTA) with a few passive components are proposed in this paper. The first one can produce symmetrical square and triangular waveforms simultaneously. Based on the first topology, an additional N-MOS is adopted as a switching element to construct the second proposed circuit, which can generate a pulse waveform by a negative triggering signal. The repetitive frequency and pulse width of the presented circuits are adjustable by external passive components. Moreover, the output levels of the proposed circuits can be controlled by the DO-OTA's bias currents. These waveform generators feature more compact configurations compared to the existing designs. Experimental results are close to the theoretical analyses.

TIME MARKER GENERATOR USING OPERATIONAL TRANSCONDUCTANE AMPLIFIER

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avireni Srinivasulu ◽  
V. Tejaswini ◽  
T. Pitchaiah
Keyword(s):  
Sine Wave ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Time Marker ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
Wave Converter

This letter introduces time marker generator (TMG) using operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). It is composed of comparator (i.e. sine wave to square wave converter), integrator and clipper. The performance of the proposed circuit is examined using Cadence and the model parameters of a 180 nm technology process.  Later, the circuit was built with commercially available OTA (LM 13600), passive components used externally and tested at the outputs of comparator, integrator and clipper. Simulations and experimental results are shown that verify the proposed circuit of time marker generator.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Novel Low-Component Programmable Sinusoidal Oscillator

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taher Abuelma'atti ◽  
Sa'ad Muhammad Al-Shahrani
Keyword(s):  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Current Feedback ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Sinusoidal Oscillator ◽  
Current Feedback Operational Amplifier ◽  
Synthesis Approach

A novel circuit is presented for realizing a sinusoidal oscillator. The proposed circuit, developed through a true synthesis approach, uses one current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA), one operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), three grounded capacitors and one floating resistor. The proposed circuit enjoys several attractive features. Practical results, in excellent agreement with the presented theory, are included.

scholarly journals Programmable Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter Using Two Current Conveyors and One Operational Transconductance Amplifier

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taher Abuelma'atti ◽  
Azhar Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Active Filter ◽  
Current Conveyors ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Voltage Mode ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Biquadratic Filter ◽  
Multifunction Filter ◽  
Single Input

A new voltage-mode active-filter with single input and three outputs is presented. The parameters of the proposed filter are programmable and the filter uses grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can simultaneously realize lowpass, highpass, and bandpass biquadratic filter functions and enjoys low temperature sensitivities.

FULLY CASCADABLE MIXED-MODE UNIVERSAL FILTER BIQUAD USING DDCCS AND GROUNDED PASSIVE COMPONENTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 607-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHEN-NONG LEE
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Current Conveyors ◽  
Output Impedance ◽  
Universal Filter ◽  
Spice Simulation ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Input Signals ◽  
Analytical Synthesis

A fully cascadable (i.e., low/high input impedance for current/voltage input signals and high/low output impedance for current/voltage output signals) mixed-mode (input and output signals can be voltage or current) universal filter biquad by using three differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs), three grounded resistors, and two grounded capacitors is presented in this paper. The proposed biquad can realize the inverting, non-inverting, and differential types universal filtering responses (lowpass, highpass, bandpass, notch, and allpass) from the voltage and current output terminals without changing the filter topology. The proposed circuit is suitable for cascading in all the four possible modes (i.e., voltage, current, transresistance, and transconductance modes). Moreover, the proposed mixed-mode biquad still enjoys (i) using only grounded passive components, (ii) no need of extra inverting and non-inverting amplifiers for special input signals, and (iii) low active and passive sensitivities. This paper also shows how analytical synthesis can be used to produce the proposed mixed-mode filter circuit. H-Spice simulation results confirm the theory.

ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF GROUNDED INDUCTORS TO FLOATING INDUCTORS USING OFA AND FCCII

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMED M. SOLIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Current Conveyor ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Transconductance Amplifier ◽  
Simulation Results

It is well known that a floating inductor circuit is realized from a grounded inductor circuit by replacing the operational amplifier by a floating operational transconductance amplifier. This idea is extended to transform current conveyor grounded inductors to floating inductors by replacing the current conveyor by the recently introduced floating current conveyor. Several examples are considered and simulation results are given to support the theory. Although the paper is partially a review in nature it includes several new realizations of floating inductors.

MOS-C TOW-THOMAS FILTER USING VOLTAGE OP AMP, CURRENT FEEDBACK OP AMP AND OPERATIONAL TRANSRESISTANCE AMPLIFIER

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 151-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMED M. SOLIMAN ◽  
AHMED H. MADIAN
Keyword(s):  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Spice Simulation ◽  
Current Feedback ◽  
Op Amp ◽  
Operational Transresistance Amplifier ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Feedback Operational Amplifier

Several MOS-C realizations of the Tow-Thomas circuit using the commercially available voltage operational amplifier and the current feedback operational amplifier are reviewed in this paper. Additional MOS-C Tow-Thomas realizations using the operational transresistance amplifier and the differential current voltage conveyor are also included. MOS-C realizations of the Tow-Thomas circuit using CMOS operational amplifier, CMOS current feedback operational amplifier and CMOS operational transresistance amplifier are also given. Spice simulation results using 0.18 CMOS technology model from MOSIS are included together with detailed comparison tables to demonstrate the differences between MOS-C Tow-Thomas circuits using both of the commercially available active building blocks and CMOS integrated building blocks.

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