Date antropologice referitoare la unele dintre descoperirile funerare ale Epocii Bronzului de la Păuleni-Ciuc (jud. Harghita) / Anthropological data about several Bronze Age funerary discoveries at Păuleni-Ciuc (Harghita County)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
New Born ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Ceramic Vessel ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Grinding Stone

The study details the anthropological analyses of 14 archaeological cases in which entire or partial human skeletons were found in the Bronze Age site of Păuleni-Ciuc, Ciomortan (Harghita county) during the excavation campaigns 2000-2002, 2007, 2009 and 2011. Two collective deposits, a ritual pit, two dwellings and other findings delivered a total of 22 individuals, among which 8 were aged seven or less. Feature 14, an oval pit researched in 2002, contained a grinding stone, an entire ceramic vessel, animal bones and the remains of 5 individuals: the skull of 15 years old female with traces of peri-mortem blow inflicted with a small object in the mandible, the skull and ribs of a seven years old child, parts of the hands and ribs of two infans I, the entire skeleton, deposited flexed on its right side, on the bottom of the pit (a woman, 17-21 years old, 160 cm height). The woman’s skeleton had traces of burning on the ribs, right tibia and cubitus, suggesting that the dead was laid on the remains of a recently consumed fire. Traces of cuts and blows were identified on the long bones. Feature 14a, a flexed skeleton of an adult (22-24 years old) male (159 cm height, robust) was found in the vicinity of the previously described situation. They could be connected. The mandible showed signs of an abnormal disposition of the teeth with rotated canines. Feature 13 was associated with the fortification, maybe with a decommissioned gate. It comprised the entire skeleton of an adult man (24-30 years old) and the remains of 4 other individuals: an adult female (represented by unburnt fragments of the skull), one infans I (cremated, with traces of clay on the skull), a new-born and a 4 years old. The robust man was partially cremated, laid flexed, on its left side, mixed with animal bones. Traces of ochre were found on its right femur. He had suffered from osteoarthritis. Pit 36, dug in the fortification, contained 7 Wittenberg vessels and the entire skeleton of a 4 years old child. Remains of two infans II were discovered in two dwellings (8 and 8A) excavated in 2000.

A gold diadem from Aegina

1987 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
Reynold Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
British Museum ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Middle Helladic ◽  
Dead Man ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Grave Goods

A recent discovery on the island of Aegina by Professor H. Walter (University of Salzburg) throws a new light on the origins of the so-called Aegina Treasure in the British Museum.In 1982 the Austrians were excavating the Bronze Age settlement on Cape Kolonna, to the north-west of Aegina town. Immediately to the east of the ruined Temple of Apollo, and close to the South Gate of the prehistoric Lower Town, they found an unrobbed shaft grave containing the burial of a warrior. The gravegoods (now exhibited in the splendid new Museum on the Kolonna site) included a bronze sword with a gold and ivory hilt, three bronze daggers, one with gold fittings, a bronze spear-head, arrowheads of obsidian, boar's tusks from a helmet, and fragments of a gold diadem (plate Va). The grave also contained Middle Minoan, Middle Cycladic, and Middle Helladic (Mattpainted) pottery. The pottery and the location of the grave in association with the ‘Ninth City’ combine to give a date for the burial of about 1700 BC; and the richness of the grave-goods would suggest that the dead man was a king.

The Boat of the Dead in the Bronze Age

Antiquity ◽  
1941 ◽  
Vol 15 (60) ◽  
pp. 360-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Grinsell
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Bronze Age

In many parts of the world and at many periods the practice has prevailed of depositing boats, or models or other representations of them, with the dead, either as a means of facilitating his supposed voyage to another world, or as a symbol of his maritime activities during his lifetime.That the former is generally the correct explanation of the custom there can be no doubt. This is shown by the evidence of the belief in a voyage to a future world, and the customs to which it has given rise, among living primitive peoples in the Pacific Islands and elsewhere, so well collected and presented by the late Sir J. G. Frazer. It is shown also by traditions such as that of our own king Arthur's journey by barge to ‘the island valley of Avilion, where falls not hail, or rain, or any snow’ It is shown also by the ancient Greek and Roman custom of placing a coin in the mouth of the dead to pay Charon's fee for ferrying him across the Styx.

scholarly journals Imaginary Vessels in the Late Bronze Age of Gotland and South Scandinavia: Ship Settings, Rock Carvings and Decorated Metalwork

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-103
Author(s):  
Richard Bradley ◽  
Peter Skoglund ◽  
Joakim Wehlin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Bronze Age

The paper compares the Bronze Age ship settings of Gotland with the vessels portrayed in rock carvings on the Scandinavian mainland. It also makes comparisons with the drawings of vessels on decorated metalwork of the same period. It considers their interpretation in relation to two approaches taken to the depictions of ships in other media. One concerns the use of boats to transport the sun, while the other emphasises the close relationship between seagoing vessels and the dead. A third possibility concerns the distinctive organisation of prehistoric communities on Gotland. It seems possible that the largest of the ship settings were equivalent to the Bronze Age cult houses found on the mainland and that they may even have represented the island itself.

Out of Range?

2020 ◽  
pp. 323-346
Author(s):  
Scott D. Haddow ◽  
Joshua W. Sadvari ◽  
Christopher J. Knüsel ◽  
Sophie V. Moore ◽  
Selin E. Nugent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Congenital Deformity ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Bronze Age

Çatalhöyük is most well known for its Neolithic settlement, but the site also served as a cemetery during the Bronze Age, as well as the Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic periods. During the Neolithic, Çatalhöyük is distinctive as a place for both the living and the dead, but thereafter the site becomes more closely associated with the dead. This chapter discusses four examples of non-normative burials from different time periods at the site, including two Neolithic burials: one of a mature male buried with a sheep and another of a young male with a congenital deformity; a Roman period double burial with an atypical grave orientation; and an isolated twentieth-century burial of a woman from the local village, which represents the last known burial on the mound. Osteobiographical information and sociocultural context are used to assess the significance of each burial. We also question how normative and non-normative burials are typically defined in the archaeological record.

The forethought of Themistocles

1987 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Holladay
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
British Museum ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Middle Helladic ◽  
Dead Man ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Grave Goods

A recent discovery on the island of Aegina by Professor H. Walter (University of Salzburg) throws a new light on the origins of the so-called Aegina Treasure in the British Museum.In 1982 the Austrians were excavating the Bronze Age settlement on Cape Kolonna, to the north-west of Aegina town. Immediately to the east of the ruined Temple of Apollo, and close to the South Gate of the prehistoric Lower Town, they found an unrobbed shaft grave containing the burial of a warrior. The gravegoods (now exhibited in the splendid new Museum on the Kolonna site) included a bronze sword with a gold and ivory hilt, three bronze daggers, one with gold fittings, a bronze spear-head, arrowheads of obsidian, boar's tusks from a helmet, and fragments of a gold diadem (plate Va). The grave also contained Middle Minoan, Middle Cycladic, and Middle Helladic (Mattpainted) pottery. The pottery and the location of the grave in association with the ‘Ninth City’ combine to give a date for the burial of about 1700 BC; and the richness of the grave-goods would suggest that the dead man was a king.

scholarly journals The early Bronze Age feature from Wilczyce, site 10, Sandomierz district – An interpretation of its functioning in light of multidimensional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Paweł Jarosz ◽  
◽  
Tomasz Boroń ◽  
Barbara Witkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Winiarska-Kabacińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Practices ◽  
Human Skull ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
The Dead

The aim of this paper is to present the multidimensional characteristics of the feature number 4 at the site in Wilczyce located on the Sandomierz Upland. During exploration of the pit rich flint material, fragments of pottery vessels and animal bones were found and just above the bottom a “deposit” involved a human skull of the young female, two cattle mandibles, a sheep/goat tibia and astragalus, a damaged cattle scapula and radius, and a polishing stone were deposited. The C14 date obtained from the tooth from the cattle jaw was 3790 ± 35 BP. Based on the shape and the size of discovered feature it is possible to classify it as a typical storage pit but presence of “deposit” enable to postulate a ritual character of assemblage that reflect some kind of burial practices of the Mierzanowice culture. Rituals in the form of interring the dead or parts of their bodies can be found also in the Unietice culture so such features may indicate the emergence of a certain supra- -regional and cross-cultural trend in the early Bronze Age.

Radiocarbon Dating of Pottery from Bronze Age Sites in eastern European steppes (Russia)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
P Kuznetsov ◽  
О Mochalov
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Late Stone Age ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Wooden Structures ◽  
The Bronze Age

AbstractIn recent decades, the radiocarbon method has frequently been used for dating organic admixtures in pottery. This method is useful for dating the Late Stone Age cultures in eastern Europe due to the poor availability of other organic materials. On the contrary, Bronze Age sites offer a great variety of organic sources, including remains of wooden structures, charcoal, and human and animal bones. This paper analyzes the 14C dates obtained on bones and pottery from six Bronze Age sites in order to determine the feasibility of 14C pottery dating for this particular period. Bronze Age pottery is made of silty clay containing organic matter, which can comprise older material. Therefore, 14С dates obtained on bones, wood, or charcoal are more representative. This paper analyzes the 14C dates obtained on bones and pottery from six Bronze Age sites. Based on this limited study, the authors conclude that dating of pottery from the Bronze Age is controversial and can result in much older dates. We argue this method is acceptable only if no other organic materials are available.

scholarly journals Petrov culture burial site near the village of Taldy (Karkaralinsk District, Karaganda Region)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Igor Alekseevich Kukushkin ◽  
Evgeniy Anatolievich Dmitriev ◽  
Alexei Igorevich Kukushkin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
The Core ◽  
Local Variant ◽  
Ceramic Vessel ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Karaganda Region

The following paper contains investigation results of the randomly discovered ancient burial site near the village of Taldy (Central Kazakhstan). Accompanying inventory is represented by metal celt-adze, a highly fragmented bracelet with a spiral wound end and a ceramic vessel with a ribbed shoulder and geometric ornament. The obtained material allows attributing the burial site to the Petrov culture of the Bronze Age. The authors of the paper proceed from the weak argumentation of the regional analogue of Petrovka, the Nurtai culture singled out at the end of the 20th century. The current base of sources is characterized by heterogeneity. In this connection, the early Andronian antiquities of Central Kazakhstan should be considered within the framework of the Petrov culture with the possible further allocation of a local variant or stage. Celt-adze found here is quite interesting. It has analogies with the Dolgaya Gora monuments findings (Abashevskaya culture), Tanabergen II (Sintashta culture), Nurataldy-1, Kenotkel XVIII (Petrov culture) and Shaitan Lake II (Koptyakovskaya culture). According to the formal and typological features, the specimens found are divided into two subtypes: the early one - Abashev-Sintashta and the later one - Petrovsky-Koptyakovsky. The Dolgaya Gora finding presupposes the birth of this type of tools in the late Abashev culture of the Urals. The well-known ethnographic parallels allow us to establish that the products were intended for straining poles, sanding the tree, removing the core from blanks and other works related to woodworking.

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