Radiocarbon Dating of Pottery from Bronze Age Sites in eastern European steppes (Russia)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
P Kuznetsov ◽  
О Mochalov
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Late Stone Age ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Wooden Structures ◽  
The Bronze Age

AbstractIn recent decades, the radiocarbon method has frequently been used for dating organic admixtures in pottery. This method is useful for dating the Late Stone Age cultures in eastern Europe due to the poor availability of other organic materials. On the contrary, Bronze Age sites offer a great variety of organic sources, including remains of wooden structures, charcoal, and human and animal bones. This paper analyzes the 14C dates obtained on bones and pottery from six Bronze Age sites in order to determine the feasibility of 14C pottery dating for this particular period. Bronze Age pottery is made of silty clay containing organic matter, which can comprise older material. Therefore, 14С dates obtained on bones, wood, or charcoal are more representative. This paper analyzes the 14C dates obtained on bones and pottery from six Bronze Age sites. Based on this limited study, the authors conclude that dating of pottery from the Bronze Age is controversial and can result in much older dates. We argue this method is acceptable only if no other organic materials are available.

Bogs, Bodies and Burnt Mounds: Visits to the Soar Wetlands in the Neolithic and Bronze Age

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 173-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ripper ◽  
Matthew Beamish ◽  
A. Bayliss ◽  
C. Bronk Ramsey ◽  
A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval Period ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
The Bronze Age

The recording and analysis of a burnt mound and adjacent palaeochannel deposits on the floodplain of the River Soar in Leicestershire revealed that the burnt mound was in use, possibly for a number of different purposes, at the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. An extensive radiocarbon dating programme indicated that the site was revisited. Human remains from the palaeochannel comprised the remains of three individuals, two of whom pre-dated the burnt mound by several centuries while the partial remains of a third, dating from the Late Bronze Age, provided evidence that this individual had met a violent death. These finds, along with animal bones dating to the Iron Age, and the remains of a bridge from the early medieval period, suggest that people were drawn to this location over a long period of time.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon dating of the bronze age bone pins from Eurasian steppe

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Shishlina ◽  
Johan Plicht ◽  
Elya Zazovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Eurasian Steppe ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Bronze Age

AbstractBone catapult and hammer-headed pins played one of very specific roles in funerary offerings in the Bronze Age graves uncovered in the Eurasian Steppes and the North Caucasus. Scholars used different types of pins as key grave offerings for numerous chronological models. For the first time eight pins have been radiocarbon dated. 14C dating of bone pins identified the catapult type pin as the earliest one. They marked the period of the Yamnaya culture formation. Then Yamnaya population produced hammer-headed pins which became very popular in other cultural environments and spread very quickly across the Steppe and the Caucasus during 2900–2650 cal BC. But according to radiocarbon dating bone pins almost disappeared after 2600 cal BC.

The Ishkinino Bronze Age Mining Complex in the Southern Urals: Radiocarbon Dating

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
V. V. Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Mine Dumps ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequences

This article presents the results of radiocarbon dating of buried soils beneath the dumps of ancient mines in the Ishkinino cobalt and copper pyrite deposit area, in the Southern Urals. The conserved upper horizons of stratigraphic sequences underlying the dumps of four mines were subjected to radiocarbon analysis. For comparison, samples from Bronze Age sites in the same area were used. Chronological ranges of the Yamnaya, Sintashta, and Kozhumberdy cultures were evaluated. Calibrated intervals of the buried soils from the Ishkinino mines show a good agreement with respective intervals relating to human and animal bones from nearby Bronze Age cemeteries and settlements. The early stage of the mines (2200–1840 BC) correlates with the Sintashta culture. Most geological and archaeological features at Ishkinino date to 1780–1130 BC, same as the Kozhumberdy settlement and cemeteries, representing the Alakul tradition. As the results suggest, radiocarbon dating of buried soils underlying the mine dumps is relevant to absolute and relative chronology of ancient mining, especially when archaeological contexts are of little help.

scholarly journals The Interaction of Climate Change and Agency in the Collapse of Civilizations ca. 2300–2000 BC

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. S1-S16
Author(s):  
Malcolm H. Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Human History ◽  
Human Response ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Trading Networks ◽  
The Bronze Age

Human history has been marked by major episodes of climate change and human response, sometimes accompanied by independent innovations. In the Bronze Age, the sequencing of causes and reactions is dependent in part on dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating. This paper explores the interaction of a major, prolonged desiccation event between c. 2300 and 2000 BC and human agency including migrations, the displacement of trading networks, warfare, the appearance of weapons made of bronze, and the first appearance of sailing vessels in the Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Golden hoard from Bushtino (Ukraine)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 331-344
Author(s):  
Josip Kobal’
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Bronze Age

The territory of the modern Transcarpathian region of Ukraine is rich in Bronze Age hoards (about 200 complexes are known). However, just a small part of them includes only gold objects. The gold items of the treasure were interpreted as Tarpa type earrings and dated to the Opaya horizon (BD). Re-analysis of the finding allowed reviewing the data of the statement. The article proposes to refer the complex to the period of the BC and, perhaps, even BB1, and to interpret gold implements as elements of a special hairstyle or headdress (crown?). The hoard from the village of Bushtino (Khust district), which is the focus of our article, also belongs to them. The hoard was discovered in 1911. It consisted of 13 jewellery items (11 gold pendants and 2 bracelets). To date, only 3 items have been saved. They are stored in Uzhgorod, in the Transcarpathian Museum of Local Lore named after Tyvodar Lehotsky. Jewellery items from Bushtino belong to two types: Tarpa type of earrings (1) and Bushtino type of pendants (2). All of them are ornamented in one technique and in one style, and also have common or close motives (paired zigzag lines, crosses, stars, etc. and their combinations) and compositions. The analysis of ornamental motifs of ornaments from Bushtino shows that most of them have analogies on products of earlier times, periods BB1 - BA2. Tarpa-type bronze earrings in the Pilin culture (Northern Hungary and Eastern Slovakia) mostly also date to an earlier time (BC period). The author of the article proposes to determine the chronology of the Bushtino hoard not later than the period of BC or even BB1. Based on archaeological and ethnographic data, as well as the number of ornaments in individual complexes, it is hypothesized that gold items from Bushtino could be either part of a special hairstyle (women?), or part of a special headdress (crown?) made of organic materials (fabric, leather). Rich headdresses (crowns) existed in the Bronze Age in Western Asia and Europe. Probably the implements from Bushtino belonged to someone from the elite unit of cultural bearers of Suciu de Sus (Stanovo). Key words: Superior Tisa Region, Bronze Age, gold hoard, chronology, interpretation.

scholarly journals ‘The Wool Road’ of the Late Bronze Age: Cultural, Geographical, and Chronological Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Shishlina
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Wool Textile ◽  
South Siberia ◽  
The Bronze Age

Innovative technologies for new products and consumption, a secondary product revolution, have dramatically changed the course of the Bronze Age economic transformations. Changes included introduction of an innovative technology of wool production and it’s spread among the Northern Eurasia population during 3000–2000 BC. Sophisticated methods of studying the ancient wool textile obtained from the Bronze Age sites of Northern Eurasia, i.e. technological analyses, radiocarbon dating, and the identification of the isotope signature preserved in the wool textile, made it possible not only to discuss the time the wool fiber appeared in the Bronze Age textile production and to determine the cultural context and areas but also to discuss a new hypothesis on the formation of so called Wool Road in early 2nd millennium BC – a route that connected the foothills, forest-steppe, and forest regions of Eastern Europe in the West and South Siberia and China in the East. The discovery of wool textiles and their radiocarbon dating clearly defines the spread of the innovative textile strategies out of the Near East from the South to the North, then from the North Caucasus Piedmont areas from the West to the East. The author suggests that one of the ways the wool textile spread to west was from the southern steppe region of Eastern Europe via the Black Sea steppes.

Cultural Continuity and Social Resistance: The Chronology of Megalithic Funerary Practices in Southern Iberia

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Aranda Jiménez ◽  
Águeda Lozano Medina ◽  
Marta Díaz-Zorita Bonilla ◽  
Margarita Sánchez Romero ◽  
Javier Escudero Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Social Resistance ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Biographical Approach ◽  
Southern Iberia ◽  
The Bronze Age

Inspired by the biographical approach to the study of material culture, a radiocarbon dating programme was undertaken to explore the chronology and temporality of the megalithic monuments in south-eastern Iberia. Instead of one or two dates per tomb, the normal way of approaching this complex issue, we carried out a complete radiocarbon dating series of single tombs based on human remains. We focused our attention on four tholos-type tombs in the cemetery of El Barranquete (Almería, Spain). According to the new radiocarbon series modelled in a Bayesian framework, four main conclusions can be drawn: that the cemetery shows a very long period of funerary activity, which began in the late fourth millennium and ended in the last centuries of the second millennium calbc; that continuity of ritual practices attained an unexpected importance during the Bronze Age; that interments, which fall into cultural periods that would be unthinkable if only the typological properties of the grave goods were considered, occurred; and that each tomb had a complex and very different biography.

scholarly journals НОВЫЕ РАДИОУГЛЕРОДНЫЕ ДАТЫ МАТЕРИАЛОВ БРОНЗОВОГО ВЕКА ПОЛУОСТРОВА ТАРХАНКУТ (КРЫМ)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Smekalova ◽  
◽  
M. Kulkova ◽  
M. Kashuba ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
The Bronze Age

The results of radiocarbon dating of materials from Bronze Age sites located in Tarkhankut region (Crimea) is considering in the article. The materials were obtained from four settlements with double stone yards for domestic animals. These settlements were discovered together 20 other sites in the Northern-Western Crimea in the last decade. The radiocarbon dates gave a vast time interval in the frameworks of the Late Bronze Age. The earliest dates belong to the frontier of the Middle/Late Bronze Age. New results together with other archaeological materials open discussion about the cultures of the Bronze Age in the Crimea.

Date antropologice referitoare la unele dintre descoperirile funerare ale Epocii Bronzului de la Păuleni-Ciuc (jud. Harghita) / Anthropological data about several Bronze Age funerary discoveries at Păuleni-Ciuc (Harghita County)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
New Born ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Ceramic Vessel ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Grinding Stone

The study details the anthropological analyses of 14 archaeological cases in which entire or partial human skeletons were found in the Bronze Age site of Păuleni-Ciuc, Ciomortan (Harghita county) during the excavation campaigns 2000-2002, 2007, 2009 and 2011. Two collective deposits, a ritual pit, two dwellings and other findings delivered a total of 22 individuals, among which 8 were aged seven or less. Feature 14, an oval pit researched in 2002, contained a grinding stone, an entire ceramic vessel, animal bones and the remains of 5 individuals: the skull of 15 years old female with traces of peri-mortem blow inflicted with a small object in the mandible, the skull and ribs of a seven years old child, parts of the hands and ribs of two infans I, the entire skeleton, deposited flexed on its right side, on the bottom of the pit (a woman, 17-21 years old, 160 cm height). The woman’s skeleton had traces of burning on the ribs, right tibia and cubitus, suggesting that the dead was laid on the remains of a recently consumed fire. Traces of cuts and blows were identified on the long bones. Feature 14a, a flexed skeleton of an adult (22-24 years old) male (159 cm height, robust) was found in the vicinity of the previously described situation. They could be connected. The mandible showed signs of an abnormal disposition of the teeth with rotated canines. Feature 13 was associated with the fortification, maybe with a decommissioned gate. It comprised the entire skeleton of an adult man (24-30 years old) and the remains of 4 other individuals: an adult female (represented by unburnt fragments of the skull), one infans I (cremated, with traces of clay on the skull), a new-born and a 4 years old. The robust man was partially cremated, laid flexed, on its left side, mixed with animal bones. Traces of ochre were found on its right femur. He had suffered from osteoarthritis. Pit 36, dug in the fortification, contained 7 Wittenberg vessels and the entire skeleton of a 4 years old child. Remains of two infans II were discovered in two dwellings (8 and 8A) excavated in 2000.

Radiocarbon Dating of the Transition from the Early to the Middle Bronze Age in Northeastern Syria

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 953-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Koliński ◽  
Tomasz Goslar
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Residual Material ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
The Bronze Age

ABSTRACTThe paper presents radiocarbon (14C) dates of samples collected from the Bronze Age cultural strata (VI–II) excavated within Sector P, Tell Arbid, Khabur Triangle, northern Mesopotamia. These strata contain objects (remains of a caravanserai, pits, graves, pottery kilns, and multi-phase houses) representing the periods of Early Jezirah 4-5, and Old Jezirah I-II. 14C dating of these strata was especially important because of a clearly visible period of abandonment of the area at the onset of 2nd millennium BC, recorded on all Khabur Triangle sites studied so far, and because of the questionable reliability of the chronology derived from scarce historical sources. Of the 29 samples of cereal grains, 9 appeared to contain residual material, while Bayesian-analyzed 14C ages of the remaining 20 allowed us to say that, at the turn of the 3rd millennium BC, Tell Arbid was abandoned later than other sites in the area, and that it was occupied over a distinctly longer period during the early 2nd millennium.

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